 Now we are going to discuss ethics of social reform. So these social reforms are essential for the benefit of our society. Because all of the world is striving for better programs for their children and better services for their children but a quality of the children education. So these social reforms are actually being conducted in different fields of early childhood. For example, first of all, child care. As we said earlier that child care is important to child education. For what? For the holistic development of our child. We want our child to have complete education, his character, his skills, etc. He should be professionally and socially strong. We want our child to have not only education but also care. So many quality programs of early childhood give child care a lot of importance. Second problem is where to get reform on quality and cost. You see that developed countries have two major programs for children in America. One is their day care centers and the other is their child care centers. They are called family day care centers. Why are these things present? There are more working parents and working women compared to our society. In the last century, women who gave their children full time, now they are not able to give, because they work. So in such a situation, they send their children to day care centers or early childhood centers. Now there is this issue that if you, those people, those staff, who are caring for children or training them, children who were three to four or three to five years old, we can call them pre-kindergarten children. Pre-kindergarten children, those who care for them, if they were given more wages, they would perform better. And if they were given less wages, they would perform less. Now what to do? Keep the balance of quality and cost. There are many reforms on this. Because there is a lot of cultural diversity and social diversity in the world. The diversity of religion, the diversity of the class, the diversity of the race, the race, the race, all are diversity. And the biggest is socio-economic diversity. People's financial situation is not the same. Some people are going through a crisis, there are wars, you have seen a lot of crises, especially children are affected by them. So they are not able to complete the cost. Now our next point is related to the national crisis. Look, whenever there is a crisis in every country, for example in our country, in the last few days, when there was a crisis, you would be surprised that most of the children were affected, their education was lost, they were affected by the crisis, they were very ill, and unfortunately, there were many deaths. So a national crisis, which we have come to, just like it happened in America, in Australia, people were more affected by the crisis than those children. So they thought for social reform. And in this series, No Child Left Behind, which we call NCL, they started. They thought that through education reform, all these children should be brought into the stream, should be given equal attention to those who are poor, who do not have any resources or accessibility, they should also be brought into the stream of education. And along with this, one thing is that, those who have been brought from different socio-economic backgrounds, we should deal with them in a good way. Apart from this, their mental health and their own capabilities should be taught according to them. So our idea here was that no child should be left behind. So what should be done for this? They have started a universal preschool in the entire world. Just like in the upcoming course, I will tell you that when did the ECE event take place in Pakistan? So one of them is a universal preschool, that before going to kindergarten, a very small child of 3 to 4 or 5 years old, he also needs education, he also needs a good resource. So in the entire world, a movement that came before social reform was about universal preschool.