 Hi, here we are again with exercise number five entitled electoral excesses taken from the VLC transcription series where I explain to you the techniques of phonetic transcription. And here is our task. Again we have to transcribe a text. This time the text electoral excesses using the LPD notation represented in the Longman pronunciation dictionary and of course the reference phonological dialect we have to use is received pronunciation. As usual our text contains line numbers and stress marks to make the transcription and referencing a bit easier. It is subdivided into three parts as usual. So here's the first part. Let's go through this part line by line and again for those viewers of these transcription videos that are not too familiar with the vocaleic system of the LPD notation, I recommend to have a list of the monophones and diphthongs ready to look at. And as you notice it doesn't only contain the 20 vocaleic phonemes of RP but also the two weak vowels that are used in the LPD notation. If you want you can have consonants available for you but I don't think that's necessary, they're much easier to remember. Okay, ready? So let's start. Here is the headline electoral excesses and quite important the plural where the is is of course used to denote the ES plural. Line two, I shall be glad when the next three weeks are over immediately you might want to have a linking R in a rover. I will say something about it in a second. Line three, what do you say? Well here I use the contraction what you say, I shouldn't say and then line four that I find them so bad at all. That I find them so bad at all. That I find them so bad at all. Some of you might want to stress so okay in which case it would become a strong form. Let's look at connected speech effects, weak forms, quite a number. I already mentioned the weak form. Do you, where in as an alternative you could have used, let me write it down like here where you could have written do you as well with a weak value. I use a more weakened contracted form due, both are correct. Well and then here we have so as an occasional weak form down here. So and as I said this is occasionally weakened if you have a stress marked here it would be easier that I find them so bad at all so you can stress this line and then you would have to use the strong form. We don't have any strong forms apart from that option but we have liaison in a linking R as I already said we could insert the optional linking R in weeks a rover linking R not an intrusive R linking R so a liaison effect and we have some elision possibilities here again they're optional next three shouldn't say and find them so next three shouldn't say find them in all three cases we have the three consonant rule where the internal consonant can be elided as an option. Let's look at part two here we have another weak vowel in certainly where the LPD often uses this notation sir oh sorry sir ten so they're using a superscript schwa well I don't recommend this to my students so I recommend to use the non schwa version straightforwardly because superscripts violate to some extent the principles of the international phonetic association which says avoid diacritics where possible okay if you present this as a solution we certainly would have to accept it well in line six we have an alternative for schwa where you could of course use schwa which is an alternative transcription whoops second colon where's a colon going there it is and in line seven we have contraction again already commented on the possibility of contracting do you to do if both are weak well and I'm in line eight we have a nice optional assimilation but I will perhaps you found it already well let's look at it in a second here are the weak forms quite a number we have one strong form does an election go on there well it is not stressed but it occurs at the end of a sentence and we have liaison in but we're certainly better off than they are in there in the states both are optional we could easily say certainly better off than they are in the states as I said liaison is always optional and so is the linking are in this context well and we have as I said assimilation here in this last line it can be well in both cases we have regressive assimilation where in the first case the villa plosive influences the alveola plosive regressively and in the second case the bilabial plosive influences the alveola nasal regressively so that the optional result could be it can be it can be for months and months let's continue with part three well really then we can congratulate ourselves well in fact as you may have already assumed there is an alternative representation in the lpd for congratulate you could for example write it or transcribe it like this congratulate here you have a weak here you have a weak in this context so this is an alternative another alternative would be a combination of both where you could have instead of the short or in con you could have the schwa so you see there are various alternatives for congratulate line 10 is a nice line to represent the varieties of back vowels in our P we have the short or in on we have the long R in R and we have the wedge in lucky so this is a nice representation of low central and low back vowels this line weak vowel in we twice well and in line 11 we don't have to go through all that well there's nothing especially interesting we will say something about having a second and in the last one line we must thank our lucky stars we have another occurrence of a short a which we should now understand why it is used in the lpd notation let's look at connected speech effects weakening well quite a number of weak forms we have two strong forms one of them is half we don't have to go through all that as I said quite often half is never a weak form if it is the equivalent of must have to it's always strong even if it's undressed well and that as a demonstrative at the end is stressed so it is strong anyway assimilation well there's one case of regressive assimilation where the bilabial or the labial vela approximate influences the alveolar nasal and as a result then we can optionally become them we okay the print version of the solution is as usual available in the vlce lecture library and if you're a member if you're a participant of any of our classes you have free access to all these exercises well as usual so thanks once more and see you again