 I would like to like to say welcome everybody to this webinar on North Korea is not our enemy. I'm so pleased to be joined by echo women across the DMVs. Director and coordinator of activism and special campaigns and a wonderful activist. And just such a great leader. Thanks for joining us today echo. You know, recently North Korea just, you know, announced its intentions that it's no longer seeking reunification with South Korea. Just six years ago, you know, presidents Kim Jong-un and Moon Jae-in were meeting. They were talking about an end of war declaration in late 2021. Moon Jae-in of South Korea, you know, said that there was an in principle agreement to end the Korean war that was supported extensively by the United States, by China, by both Korean governments. Six years on, it seems like after President Yoon's election in South Korea after President Biden has sent nuclear submarines to the Korean Peninsula in the first time in almost 40 years. We're almost right back where we were for the peace process picked up again in 2018. It seems that North Korea feels even more threatened than before. Is there still hope for reunification echo and why has the peace process fallen so far. Thank you, Kale. And thank you, Code Pink for inviting me. I'm echo joining from Fairfax, Virginia near Washington DC. I'm a member of Korea Peace Now grassroots network and also women cross DMC staff. Thank you so much, Code Pink for making this important webinar at the very timely session. Yes, so what happened since 2018-2019 talks when almost Moon Jae-in almost declared end of war with DPRK and now DPRK is back to testing their missiles. They're changing their policy to clearly show that they're now changing their posture from defensive to offensive. So what has happened recently under Biden and under current South Korean President Yoon that have brought the situation. So I think today's audience, Code Pink people and KPMG and people, I don't think you need Korean War 101. So we're not going to go back to 1950 to begin where the Korean War started. But I will bring you back to 33 years ago to 1991. So Kale's question has North Korea truly abandoned unification. So this is a picture from the Eighth Workers Party Congress 19 large plenum in December. So 33 years ago in 1991. There was an important agreement and that came that kind of planted the seed for current stage and for unification. So recent announcement from General Secretary Kim Jong-un clearly show that DPRK policies have changed. And since the Korean War armistice, which was 1953 July 27, there has been several talks, several talks and several efforts for reunification of Korea. So there was July 4, 1972, the joint communique and this will 1991 the agreement on reconciliation, non aggression and exchanges and population. So between the South and North Korea, right before this agreement, North and South Korea both joined UN in September 1991 at the same time as two countries. And this agreement that was signed on December 13, 1991, after they both joined UN, recognized that their relationship not being a relationship between two countries. But if this their stage is a special interim relationship stemming from the process towards reunification. So some important lines on this agreement is that South and North Korea shall recognize and respect each other system. And the two sides shall not interfere in each other's internal affairs, and that two sides shall not slander or vilify each other. So they agree to recognize and respect each other's as a socialist country in the Northern and capitalist country in the Southern, and also that two states will move towards reunification. And an important agreement after that is would bring us to 2000 June 15 when the North and South leaders had a 2000 June 15 joint declaration. And going back to 1991 around that time that's when Soviet Union was coming to an end and the Cold War was coming to an end around that time. And South Korea was reaching out to other socialist countries expanding its diplomacy and they call this the Northern policy. And this was when South Korea made diplomatic ties with Russia, China, and other European countries. So why not make amicable relationships with North Korea, who are our people, we still call each other our people, same people, right. And then the huge breakthrough in June 15 2000 when South Korean President, then President Kim Jong-un and North Korean leader Kim Jong-il met and adopted June 15 North-South joint declaration. So the important point from this declaration is that the South and North have agreed to resolve the question of reunification independently and through the joint efforts of the Korean people who are the masters of the country. And for the achievement of reunification, they have agreed that there's a common element in the South concept of confederation and the North's formula for a loose form of federation. The South and North have agreed to promote reunification in that direction. And I, after 2000, there was also 2007, October 2007, you mentioned K.O. that Moon Jae-in almost came to an end of war declaration towards the end of his term. And 2018 was not the first time the end of declaration was declared. Actually, October 2007, when North, Northern leader then Kim Jong-il and South Korean leader, Roo Mu-yeon, held inter-Korea summit and agreed on October 4 declaration after South and North summit, and the two leaders declare the South and North both recognize the need to end the current armistice regime and build a permanent peace regime. So this is just a screenshot. I don't think you have to read everything on this October 2007. But once again, they agreed to firmly transform inter-Korean relations into ties of mutual respect and trust, transcending the differences in ideology and systems. So the South and North Korea both have agreed to opposing war on the Korean Peninsula and to adhere strictly to their obligation to non-aggression. And that they recognize the need to end current armistice regime and build a permanent peace regime. So unfortunately, after 2007, conservative president of South Korea, Lee Myung-bak came into place. So he was calling for denuclearization before peace. So October 4 agreement was never properly implemented after Lee Myung-bak came in place. And then president of the United States with Barack Obama. And we know that his administration dealt with North Korea with strategic patience, which was not helpful at all on any peace front. So in the recent few years, once again, conservative South Korean president Yoon Seong-yeol and Joe Biden, a person from Obama administration with inaction on diplomatic exchanges with North Korea, his stance towards DPRK is very similarly close to Obama's strategic patience. And now here we are with our current situation. So from 1991 to 2000 and until recently, there was an emphasis on Korea as one people, one nation, but two states. Now, with Kim Jong-un's with the recent 10th session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly of DPRK, Kim Jong-un called the country's constitution to be changed. And that South Korea be defined as the most hostile state. So North Korea has abolished the agencies that over through cooperation and unification with the South and internal international organizations, which is comparable to civil civil society organizations, because North Korea civil society group is also belongs to workers party. The organization dealing with South Korea civil society are also part of workers party. So to name a couple June 15 North Korea committee and the committee for peace for reunification of Korea, they have recently been shut down. And we went over how June 15 declaration was very important, significant to Korean reunification. And the only joint organization that has the same name in North Korea, South Korea and international is the June 15 committee. And after North Korea's June 15 committee was shut down, you might have read in the news that reunification tower has been demolished. So DPRK is showing physically on their hard line on this issue. So it's a big shift in the policy that in about in about 30 years that North Korea is now taking. And now North Korea does not consider South Korea as their fellow countrymen. But how about South Korea? South Korea until now since 1945 still have the National Security Law, which names communism illegal. It recognizes North Korea as political entity is illegal. And if you support North Korea regime you can be imprisoned if you're South Korean citizen under this law for being anti-South Korean government. And this law really infringes on people's freedom of speech. So during President Romulian around 2004 and 2005, his administration tried to abolish it, but with the conservative party opposing it, he failed. During Moon Jae-in administration, we know that he's very progressive, but he also failed. So in a way DPRK, their stance right now is giving up their one sided love for South Korea and maybe no longer begging for South Korea to reciprocate. North Korea is yearning for reunification. And with the conservative South Korean UN administration in place currently, there really has not even been a lukewarm friendship between North Korea and South Korea. So you can draw why DPRK is now speaking on hard line rhetoric that they will name South Korea as a principal enemy and ending its policy on reunification. Yeah, it's a very heroin situation. I really appreciate you putting the recent statement in context with all the escalations that have been happening from really the United States, especially in South Korea as well. I wanted to quote part of the statement because when his address to the Supreme People's Assembly, Chairman Kim also kind of referenced the situation in the Middle East. He said that he was talking specifically about what the U.S. right now is doing in Israel. Sorry, what the U.S. and Israel doing in the Middle East should be part of the discussion. When it comes to actually understanding the world system and understanding the threats that are coming, he's specifically said explicitly speaking, we will never unilaterally unleash a war if the enemies do not provoke us. Should the U.S. like take the statement seriously and how should the peace movement in the United States understand North Korea's security concerns? Yes, definitely. U.S. should take this statement seriously and I don't think I saw anything lately coming out of the U.S. government yet, but the last few years, last year you remember U.S. hosting Yun Seong-ryeol for a state visit and Biden committed to giving Seoul a control over for the first time in strategic planning for the use of nuclear weapons in any conflict with North Korea. Biden also announced that United States would send American nuclear ballistic missiles submarine to dock in South Korea for the first time in decades. So what can we say about U.S. stance and how U.S. has been dealing with North Korea on this issue? And more about South Korea, what Yun has been doing in June 2023, Yun appointed new conservative person Kim Young-ho as their unification minister and he was well known as often criticizing North Korean human rights. He was outspoken on destruction of North Korea regime and overthrowing Kim Jong-un regime. And in September 2023, the Constitution Court struck down the 2020 law that criminalized sending the anti-Pyeongyang propaganda leaflets to North Korea. So I'll come back to the balloon issue a little bit later. In November 2023, South Korea partially suspended the comprehensive military agreement, CMA, the agreement that was made between President Moon Jae-in and Kim Jong-un on September 19, 2018. So after South Korea partially suspended it, North Korea decided to let go of it following South Korea's move. South Korea still internally has reunification by absorption, reunification under liberal democracy as their state policy. So this series of U.S. and South Korean policies have exaggerated the downfall of diplomacy. And I don't think it's an exaggeration that they see exaggeration to say that these acts brought North Korea's hostile policies. I mean, specifically in that address he gave to the Supreme People's Assembly, Chairman Kim said if the ROK, that's the Republic of Korea, South Korea violates even 0.001 millimeters of our territorial land, air and waters, it will be considered a war provocation. Like what are the chances of the Korean war becoming a hot war, especially now where, you know, I can't imagine there's any inter-Korean communication at the moment. Right. The inter-Korean communication has died down, even the hotlines has died for a few months now. So the speech about 0.001 millimeter of territorial violation, everybody's paying attention to this clause. But apparently Kim Jong-un used this in February 2018 when DPRK was holding their 70th year anniversary of the founding of the military. At the military parade, he made a speech saying that we must not allow invaders to violate or harass even 0.001 millimeter of the dignity and sovereignty of our sacred homeland. So that's what Kim Jong-un said. So he's kind of repeating this, but I guess the tension, the rise of tension right now is bringing this. People are kind of feeling it a little more when he mentioned that recently. And to answer the chances of Korean war becoming a hot war, there's always a chance of the 70 year cold war becoming a hot war. Why? Because there's been a U.S. ROK joint war drills since 1950, taking place in South Korea twice a year at least. And now with North Korea naming South Korea as a principal enemy with the slight accident during any kind, any of these military drills. The cold war can turn into a hot war. And there has not been any inter-Korean summit since, I guess, June 2019 between U.S. South Korea and North Korea joint summits. And no meaningful inter-Korean communication since President Yoon came into the office. And North and South Korea hotline has been shut down since April 2023. So with nothing more than continued joint U.S. South Korea war drills that have resumed since 2021. Actually, the war drill stopped in 2018 when the North Korea, South Korea, and U.S. North Korea summits were taking place. And they resumed in 2021. And there has been no peace talks. So it's been obvious that DPRK and South Korea people are ever more threatened on an accidental breakout of another Korean war, a hot Korean war. So I wanted to mention a little bit of the history of the U.S. South Korea joint war drills because this is something we've had webinars in the past and we take it very, very seriously. So U.S. ROK war drills 101 today. U.S. and South Korea, they have routinely conducted large-scale joint military exercises that prepare for war with North Korea since 1955. The size and scale of these annual military exercises have grown steadily, such that by 1976 they mobilized more than 100,000 troops every spring and fall. So 100,000 U.S. troops from other countries will come to Korea for the joint war drills. At these war drills, they're based on operation plans that reportedly include preemptive strikes and decapitation measures against North Korea leader. And even during the last year's war drill, taken out of Supreme Leader was an option according to South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-Shik. He told reporters during an interview, and this is according to NK News, which was very rare admission in the recent years from Seoul leader about an operation that hasn't been publicly discussed for the last six years. So this was just last year, last month of December 2023. And in the past, Pyongyang has vigorously objected that these war drills stating that they were offensive and aggressive act and a continued threat to their security. The U.S. and South Korea have scaled back the exercises temporarily suspended, large-scale field exercises after U.S. DPRK Summit in 2018, but they have held a major 10-day joint military exercises in August 2020, even midst of COVID. U.S. forces in Korea, Commander General Robert B. Abrams has renewed the call for the resumption of joint war drills in 2020. So in 2022, Ulji Freedom Guard was revived in five years under the revised name Ulji Freedom Shield. And 2023 alone, according to Jang Chang-Joon, he's a South Korean researcher, and I heard him speak on the recent June 15 South Korea Summit presentation. He said out of 365 days, U.S. ROK or U.S. ROK Japan joined war drills took place 179 days in 2023. He also said that more war drills were under the UN command will take place in 2024. These large-scale war drills usually take place once in the spring, once in the late summer, so usually March and August. But since UN took office, South Korea war drills have increased more than 200 per year on an average. Last year in March, I brought some pictures from the PSPD people who were demonstrating at the war drill site. So this was March 29 last year, and South Koreans in Pohang, it's southeastern of Korea, near where the U.S. ROK joint war drills were taking place. You can see the tanks rolling in front of tourists, the protesters. You can see how the military, the helicopters flying on this picture, and I'm sure they were making all kinds of noise. So these are some of the pictures. There was one that people were marching. I guess I could get that one. So just even just a few days ago, the border residents, the people who live near DMZ, the border area, border towns, they were calling for an end to stop the military action that provoked the war. And they are afraid that coming March, people like Park Sang-hap, who are so-called North Korea freedom fighters, they might fly the propaganda balloons again this spring. And if North Korean Army fires against the balloon, and the South Korean Army can also fire a bag, what kind of situation? I don't even want to imagine. And there's no hotline that is working. There's no communications channel. Now, the September 19th Comprehensive Military Agreement has suspended. How can we guarantee the safety of the border town residents? And how can we guarantee that the Korean War will turn into hot war? Yeah, I'm glad you brought up those points because, I mean, we've seen this time and time again escalation is never about safety. And it's interesting to think about this idea of the UN command, which is really functionally just like it's led by the United States. The former Secretary General of the United Nations, Boutros Boutros Ghali, even distanced himself from the UN command in 1994 when he was in office. You talked to me a lot about the UN command and its overwhelming ties to just the U.S. military. How much power does the United States have in South Korea? So the UN command, so in July 1950, when Korean War started, unified command was under the U.S. control, U.S. control. So that's how the UN command that's led by U.S. was born during the Korean War. The Armistice Agreement in 1953, July 27, that was also signed by UN command. Now, UN command only exists in its name and there is no other country that is involved in the UNC currently other than U.S. If you watch our documentary crossings, it's a documentary of our women across DMZ, Christina, organizing other women delegation making their journey in 2015, they went to North Korea and came down to South Korea. So during that journey, the delegation had to speak with the U.S. soldiers at the DMZ area. And in order to cross into South Korea, they were not speaking to South Korean military, they were talking to U.S. soldiers under the name UN command. One of the crossers at the interview later on in that movie said she felt that the U.S. soldiers were in control of this peninsula, not the Koreans, and I agree with her. Also, there used to be about 100 U.S. bases in South Korea until mid-2000. And they have consolidated since 2000. And now it's known that maybe there are 15 U.S. military bases in South Korea. And the U.S. Army base Camp Humphries in Pyeongtaek is the largest U.S. base outside of United States. It's the largest in the Pacific. So USAG Humphries currently hosts a combined population of approximately 36,500 Department of Defense service members, civilians, contractors and their families. The installation is expected to continue to grow over the next three to five years to roughly 45,000 total personnel. This is according to military sources about Camp Humphries USA website, probably U.S. Department of Defense. We often hear about 28,500 U.S. troops in South Korea, but there's a lot more Americans working for the military in South Korea. And Camp Humphries is supposedly the size of it is about 3,000 acres. So we can kind of see where Korea is, where U.S. is with Korea. And under the SOFA status of forces agreement, South Korea still does not have the wartime operational control. This was discussed during Romulan administration that the wartime operation control is often called AAPCAN. And Romulan demanded that AAPCAN be transferred in 2003, but it was never done, it kept getting delayed. And then in 2015, during Lee Myung-bak, it got delayed again because he was a conservative president. And then also Moon Jae-in, he wanted to have AAPCAN transferred by 2021, but it still does not happen. South Korea is like the 10th largest economy during Moon administration. I think it's fallen to like 13 right now after Yoon administration. And it's like the sixth largest military power that in the world. And this is kind of, South Korea see this as kind of an insult. The U.S. military keeps forcing the U.S. joint war drills as a test to pass the question to transfer over the AAPCAN. But it is, but it should be that Korea has its own deterrence capability against North Korea. And South Korea feels that they do, but U.S. is not still not giving up transferring the AAPCAN. And it's been seven years since the U.S. has command over South Korea military. And even after AAPCAN transfer, because the U.N. command still has control, the South Korean troops can still be part of multinational army under U.S. control. So can South Korea claim that it's a sovereign nation when their military control is at the end of another country? So this is still a big issue that South Korea has to overcome on their own. Yeah, I mean, it seems like whether it's been, you know, the six party talks, you know, which that was like during the, you know, Georgia be pushed axis of evil era. Of course, now we have this new kind of push towards like this new axis of evil mentality that I heard when I was there. We said hearing featuring Mike Pompeo on the Hill, you know, whether it was that or whether it was the Hanoi summit, Hanoi summit being torpedoed by the Trump administration. It seems that U.S. is always, you know, U.S. interference is always there, kind of in making the peace process stall, collapsing it, breaking down talks, and just, you know, causing the process that meets setback after setback. And, you know, how does North Korea respond to these setbacks, which happened time and time again? And how does, you know, South Korea react? How do they affect South Korean civil society? Right. So I think that's exactly what we started in the beginning. Why did North Korea change their policy from offensive to defensive mode, right? Why are they now, you might call it hostile? Why have they changed their policies and why have they dropped their reunification in their recent policies? So in this month, actually last month already, in January, I spoke to a few South Korean civil society folks and they're now seeing the current situation. Some of it as a wake-up call and some as an emergency situation. The June 15 South Korean committee, they had their general meetings yesterday. And I really don't think anybody can blame any of the South Korean activists or organizations for, they put up so much effort for the last 70 years, but they could not achieve their certain measurements. But they were saying it was not possible to control external interventions and interventions that infringe on sovereignty and peace, such as the trend of strengthening the hostile ROK-US alliance against North Korea, which is contradictory to the improvement of inter-Korean relationship and the involvement of the United Nations Command and the ROK-US Working Group, which have blocked the implementation of the inter-Korean agreement. We must also carefully reflect on the fact that we are not achieving any significant results in dismantling the division and Cold War system. So the South Korean organizations are reviewing and they're reflecting on their past, but the reality is that the powers in place have continued to not follow through the past agreements. The South Korean elected conservative regime in the past presidential election. There has not been any change in the South Korean reunification policy that it continues to be reunification by absorption. And I think this current situation should be taken as an opportunity to strengthen the grassroots and civil society groups in its heightened threat of war and find more ways to come together nationally and internationally among the Korean people, Korean Americans here, Koreans in Europe and Japan, and we should raise our voices louder than ever before to end this war and bring peace. And they are bringing, they are moving very quickly. I think South Korean organizations are very moving very quickly. And in their meeting, they also said establishing the direction of the movement to eliminate the imperial domination that continues even after liberation. And the division and hostile politics subordinated to the U.S. ROK Alliance resolved the war crisis and transformed the hostile inter-Korean relationship back into a relationship of reconciliation and cooperation. We will brighten the organization's prospects again by rebuilding its capabilities to meet the demands of the new era. And as U.S. Korean peace activists, and as Korean America myself, we will definitely work with the South Korean partners and international partners in solidarity and work with them closer and harder to move the political atmosphere towards peace. Yes, I mean, it's very important, especially, you know, we're coming off of, you know, last summer when the Biden administration, you know, blocked or renewed the travel ban that was put in place under the last administration. Can you talk a little bit about the travel ban, how it makes the, you know, the fight for peace and just justice in Korea so much harder. Yes, so Korea Peace Now has a campaign we call it LIFT. It's actually acronym for let individuals freely travel. And this is a campaign to reinstate the longstanding U.S. policy that allowed U.S. citizens to travel freely to DPRK. Before 2017, Americans were able to travel to North Korea. Engage in education program, people-to-people exchanges, families that were separated. I know my friend's father deliberately came to the United States so that he can become a U.S. citizen so that he could travel to North Korea to visit his mom, to find his mom. Because the national security law I mentioned earlier, if you're South Korean and you meet a North Korean, you can be punished. You can be imprisoned for violating national security law. So the abrupt halt of all these travels happened when Trump administration ordered a ban on travel to North Korea in 2017. Well, it's very heartbreaking. And it's the, those separated families are getting older now. And those people who are working on the repatriation, like Rick Downs, he works with us and he's a part of repatriation for the U.S. soldiers trying to find the remains of his father and their, their parents in North Korea. And humanitarian workers also have a very difficult time going to North Korea to continue their work. So we are continuing to call for ending the travel ban. We, from the beginning of the Biden administration, we asked him to reverse the 2017 travel ban and allow U.S. citizens to once again travel freely to North Korea. Yeah, thanks for sharing like how, you know, that's such an important part of what needs to change. And, you know, with all these obstacles and the U.S. standing in the way of peace, you know, what are your hopes for peace in Korea. I'd also like to, you know, implore you to, you know, share with folks how can people best pressure the U.S. to, you know, not stand in the way of peace anymore. Thank you. Yes, this is the most important part of today's meeting, right. So how can you participate? How can you act? After listening to Echo for 40 minutes, what can you do to act to end the Korean War to participate? We can educate. You can attend Korea Peace Now grassroots monthly meeting. It's held every second Thursday at 8 p.m. Eastern. We have a study group. We have, in the past, the Lyft and the study group co-organizing film screenings, education session. We can bring others to join the education session. We write op-eds. Our grassroots network members write op-eds. Christine Ahn, Kathy Troy, our women across DMZ staff, they write op-eds. You can join our direct action. We protest in front of the White House. Many of you probably remember if you were in D.C., that cold pink, see the Barbies behind me, Medea Benjamin. We can organize protests on important dates such as June 15, June 25, when Korean War broke out. July 27, the Armistice, we have a protest coming up, a rally coming up in April in New York for April 27, commemorating the April 27 joint declaration. And you can join our advocacy week. We have our annual advocacy week actually coming up in March. So I will drop the link here. We educate our staff of our member of Congress and educated member of Congress. We tell them that there is a community that is asking for ending the Korean War with the peace agreement. That there is a bill, H.R. 1369, peace on the Korean Peninsula Act. You can ask your elected official to support this bill. I will drop the link for this year. Our advocacy week is kind of early. It's happening from March 18 to 22. The deadline is March 1. You can participate in tabling. You can host Crossings Film Screening. We have Georgetown folks, Georgetown students. They're organizing a screening of the Crossings documentary. We do, we attend tabling for fall festivals in communities in L.A., San Francisco, D.C. area, wherever you have opportunity in New York. Whatever opportunity we have, we let people know that Korean War is still going on. It's been 70 years. It's been 70 years too long that we need to end this longest war that U.S. has been in with North Korea. We can stop the industrial, the U.S. military industrial complex. We can stop the nuclear war threats. We can bring an end to 70-year war with North Korea. The title of today's webinar is that North Korea is not our enemy. We can give peace a chance by ending this war with the peace agreement and start normalizing the relationship. The U.S. has fought with many, many countries in the past, but we have experience making peace with our adversaries. 70 years is too long. We have to end the Korean War today. Thanks so much, Echo. That's so important. 70 years is too long. We, I think, have a lot to understand, a lot to kind of unlearn and relearn. It's really important that we also realize that peace is possible and it's necessary. And yeah, I please everyone in the chat to check out the links that Echo is dropping. And it looks like we have a few questions. Jeffrey, feel free to unmute and ask your question. It's not really much. Well, I put a lot of the questions in the chat box, but this is what I really want to say. Just like how John Sidney McCain III worked in the 1990s to restore diplomatic relations with Vietnam. If I became an official federal politician, I will work hard to create diplomatic relations between the United States and North Korea. Work hard to end the Korean War by converting their ceasefire into a peace treaty. That's fair, equal, and where both sides will agree to. Help the two Koreas move forward with reunification and make a plan for how Korea will reunify under one government without both firing a shot and shedding a drop of blood that both sides and even their allies will agree to. And it'll be both fair and equal. And as a bonus, help North Korea create its own world cinema, if you know what I mean. Yes, thanks Jeffrey for sharing that. And Jules, do you have a question as well? Yes, can you hear me? Yes. Okay, so I just wanted to make a point about the US propaganda machine. And thank you very much, Echo. I think you do like amazing work and thank you. I really applaud you. As you know, like, I'm not sure like where everybody's heads at like there's a massive like support for free Palestine, which I support 100%. But we need to also support North Korea because there's a silent genocide that's taking place in North Korea. And it's all because of the US propaganda machine that started by George Creole CPI. It was a independent like propaganda machine that started that was started by President, President Woodrow Wilson. And it was to basically persuade reluctant Americans to join the war in Europe back then in 1917, 1920. And basically, you know, to persuade people to grab them by their emotions, by their unconscious and instinctual urges, you know, this is, it's a propaganda. Why aren't people like they're just so quick to just say, judge North Korea and say, Oh, look, they have a bomb. They must be guilty. Like, do you do your research, please? And also, I wanted to point out that you had a question about who is the US FK commander in South Korea. And his name is General Paul Lagomera. He's also the UN command as well as the US FK commander. And he was the person that was that blocked the land survey. And both North Korea and South Korea wanted to leak a railway and he was US FK and UN command blocked that from, from, you know, having a reunification. So, I mean, and I'm not sure if you guys also know that every year, I mean, this was even in New York times and just major news outlet that North Korea has been calling for a peace treaty. It's been maybe documented since 2010, like every year, but you never hear that in the media in the US propaganda machine. It's always, you know, about like villain, vilifying like villainizing North Korea. I just do your research, please, like, you know, people like, come on, like, like, you need to support us. If you really want us to really reunite, like, you need to support us too, instead of like totally disregarding North Korea. Sorry, that's all I wanted to say. Well, I thanks for sharing. I think it's so important that we, you know, as a code pink, it's there's a big belief in disarming the discourse. And, you know, fighting back against pro war propaganda. So that's very important. Sally Jones dropped a question in the chat. Sally asks, can you recommend resources or books for people who need a primer on the history of North Korea? Sally has been reading the historian Bruce Cummings in particular. Do you have any other recommendations that go? Yes, so there should be a list of full list of reading, recommended reading on our Korea piece now website. So I'll drop that in the chat. And one of the articles that I dropped was peoplepower21.org. So this is a South Korean organization they published articles in English, in Korean and English too. So this is very good source for news. And I'll drop the some resources page. We also have some reports that we have come up with we are working on another report on human rights this year. So a lot of things to read on our website too. Thanks so much echo. I mean, it's really important that I feel that we acknowledge what's out there and use it to, you know, as you were saying earlier kind of use this opportunity. This really harrowing crisis, this moment of global crisis to actually work for peace, you know, from, as Jules was saying, from the genocide in Palestine that's happening right now to the US escalations in Korea. I think it's imperative that we disarm the discourse that we work for peace and that we, you know, truly, truly take peace seriously and take, you know, other countries security concerns seriously and echo you've prepared such a fabulous presentation. And so I'd like to thank you so much for joining us today. And just in general, being a very dedicated activist for the cause of Korea peace. Is there anything that you would like to say kind of before we end. Wait, can I say something first before we do it for you and for she gets a chance. I have 3 questions real quick. Sure. Yes, you can ask. Yeah, 1. Number 1. How can I attend. How can I attend, tend to tend those places if I can't, if I can, if I literally can't travel. Number 2. So who, so who is our true enemy. And number 3. And this is kind of probably a funny one. Do you. Who wishes that Kim John be on was on the zoom meeting. Okay, so the advocacy meetings are online, actually, so you can attend from your work from your home with the computer or your phone. So that's very easy. So who is our true enemy. I think the military industrial complex is our true enemy, the people who are greedy who are selling weapons and putting manufacturing keeping the war for profit is our enemy. And the last question was if Kim Jong-un was on this call. Um, yeah, I guess if there was a way for us to directly speak with North Koreans and hear about their policies and ask them what we can do and how we can cooperate. Yes. I think, you know, I'm reminded of the fact I lived in Beijing for a number of years. I remember I visited one of the North Korean restaurants that were there. I remember talking to some of the North Korean workers there. And it was the 1st time I ever met someone from North Korea. And that moment, you know, it was crazy that I had to go to another country to meet someone from North Korea. And, you know, I think that's what people, the people diplomacy is so important in that we all. From country to country have more chances to engage with each other and truly realize that, you know, no people. No other people are our enemies. And indeed, you know, we need to all cooperate together for another world. So, yes, I'd like to say thanks so much. Echo. You've been great to just share this really critical insight on the escalation happening in Korea. And thanks everyone for joining as well. Thank you so much. I found the link to our books and films recommendation just now. Awesome. Yeah, check that out.