 I'm Jim Craig and I'm Senior Product Manager in Red Hat's global equipment team. And what I'd like to do over the next few minutes is share our vision for delivering smart city infrastructures in collaboration with the FIWARE ecosystem. I'd like to start by setting the scene, kind of sharing what we've learned working with customers in cities around the world and compare that with your experiences. Then I'll share the opportunities followed by some examples of cities that have embarked on this journey and close by considering what the next steps might be. So let's start with looking at the current outlook and then move on to what the future challenges might be. So let's set the scene from a global level. We're looking at a population growth from around 7 billion people in the world today to almost 10 billion by 2050. Also by 2050, 68% of these almost 10 billion people, that's almost the current world population today, will live in cities. Now as you might imagine, this puts a huge strain on an already stressed environmental, social and utility frameworks of the city and its broader ecosystem. These are just a few of the challenges that cities are facing and it'd be interesting to see whether these match your own experiences and whether we've missed any. But you can see there's quite a broad range right across a spectrum of environmental, social and of course utility frameworks as well. To make matters worse, we are in a climate crisis, which means we are experiencing an increase in the severity and the frequency of extreme weather events. So one such example is droughts, the impacts of a drought on the food system. So we're seeing a reduction in food production around the world. Drought increases the risk of wildfires and again in California this year we've seen some really severe wildfires. So, you know, there's another impact from the climate crisis. And then warming oceans provide fuel for ever stronger and more frequent hurricanes and typhoons with wind speeds in excess of 240 kilometers an hour, that's over 150 miles an hour. This particular picture shows New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. Increased flooding is occurring as well in coastal areas through sea level rise and coastal erosion and then along rivers and through things like rainfall and storm surges. The reinsurers with three have also identified over 600 metropolitan areas that are risk from natural catastrophes, mostly flooding with the high proportion in Southeast Asia. There have been numerous attempts at developing and deploying smart city solutions around the world with varying degrees of success. And this particular picture is Mumbai at night and it looks cool. It's modern, it's got skyscrapers and you can see all kinds of technology at play, you can see lots of building work going on. This is Mumbai from a different angle and by day. So you get this kind of tale of two cities and that exists in two different degrees in cities all across the world. So what it illustrates is that technology alone isn't going to address these growing problems, which is something we know quite a bit about from our own experience. It's not just technology that's going to solve these problems. What we've learned from past experiences working with public and private sector and not-for-profit organizations is a non-technical challenge, namely how organizations are structured and operated, which is often based on a traditional and rigid top-down command and control style. So this inflexibility manifests itself in a number of ways and typically creates a silo mentality with no or at best very limited cross-department, cross-agency collaboration. So the result of the silo mentality is you get the silo or vertical solutions. So from a smart city perspective, some of them may be Internet of Things, IoT-based solutions. And they might be fine in very small-scale solutions, but cities, even small cities are kind of well beyond this scale. And what you start to see is this kind of proliferation of these vertically integrated silos. And the downside is that they increase complexity, cost, they're very inflexible, and any efficiency gains that you make within an individual department can't be recognized across the entire city. So what's the opportunity? So we've learned that there's quite a few challenges around the world today, both technical and non-technical. What we'll do now is just spend a few minutes looking at an approach that's realizing positive results in different parts of the world today. So what we're doing really is working across the intersection of public policy, people and platforms. And what we're aiming to do is help public administrators and all the related stakeholders to realize their smart city, smart region objectives. If we take a moment to consider what a smart city is going to deliver to its citizens, we'll see a series of services which depend on a range of factors from your age, your occupation, your physical, mental faculty and so on. These services, what we call life events, hopefully occur over a long time horizon. We'd like to live a long and healthy life. So if you take me, for example, take you, for example, we were born, our births were registered and that typically triggered a health screening and immunization invitation. So your parents or your carers would take you to the doctor and they'd give you injections and check your health and so on, weight and all those kinds of things. And as we get older, we go to school, we go into education. So that gets registered that we've entered the education system. And then hopefully at the end of the education system, we get a job after registered for tax, unfortunately, and maybe we learn to drive a car. Again, these are all driving license tax registrations. These are all interactions with our public administrators. And then as we buy a car that has to be licensed as well, we decide that we want to leave home, we want our own home, so we buy a house that has to get registered. And maybe we meet our dream partner and get married and have children. And then that cycle starts again. So we have one cycle that's just started and running in parallel but slightly behind the first one. So these are just a few examples of life events that you and I as citizens interact with, or how we interact with our public officials through these services, which are increasingly delivered online. Now, in any given day, we experience these life events in a whole range of different ways. It could be taking your kids to school, it could be getting to and from the office, maybe a medical appointment or in sightseeing while you're on holiday. These are all possible interaction points with our public administrators. And we recognize in order to get the services delivered online and this overall smart city solution delivered, we need to take a structured approach. It's kind of broken down to these four steps. We look at the organization. So this is typically the non technical challenge that we need to deal with. And then look at how we can create common information models, deal with open data, work with open data and then create this data economy. And I'll touch on each one of these in a little bit more detail and we'll start with the organization. Now, you may remember a few moments ago I talked about the conventional, the traditional organization structure, which is top down. It kind of goes back almost to to Victorian times where people were managed like machines and they were kind of plugged in to do a specific repetitive task. Now the downside with this, it's command and control. It lacks any kind of flexibility. It's incredibly inflexible. And it also maintains this institution of silos within the organization and therefore silos within the applications that they developed as well. Now, to deliver a smart city, we need to break these silos down and promote collaboration. Now, the way we do that is through something we call an open organization. So instead of it being top down, it's bottom up and what do we mean by that? What it means that, you know, people join the organization for a kind of a shared sense of purpose. They want to engage with other people in the organization. It's really kind of built on collaboration. Collaboration is kind of like the currency in which it operates really. And from a city point of view, or any organization's point of view, we're talking about collaboration inside and outside of the organization as well. Typically, public administrators are dealing with NGOs, for example, and external service providers. So we need to accommodate that. What we found as well and what we've been told by our customers that have adopted this open organization approach is that they are incredibly, that they're a lot more resilient than their traditional more rigid structured counterparts. And that makes the organization more sustainable as well. And this shift in the organization structure is necessary to deliver the efficiency of the other steps that I'm going to talk about next. What we're aiming for really is, we kind of started the end in mind here, is really look at what we're aiming for here. We're looking for an organization that works to deliver integrated services with no information silos, no organizational silos. It needs to be able to pass, share and collaborate data right the way across the entire organization. It uses shared context data and standard APIs to achieve that. What we then get to is we enable this city level and increasingly regional level government solution. Common information models are really important. The benefits of developing with and working with common information models is the cost of adaptation to achieve this kind of full interoperability among the different systems in the city becomes almost negligible. This makes the system, the solution portable across different cities as well. And with the right policy levers like we're seeing in Germany right now, for example, smart city infrastructures can be deployed rapidly using tools like Ansible and then easily shared with other cities as well. So you can very rapidly scale up and scale out and share these valuable solutions to other cities. The context broker and standard APIs that have been developed by FIWARE allow these city systems to interconnect as well. So what you start to do is to connect cities together to create smart regions. Open data is kind of really key to this. What we're talking about here is pushing the right time open data to third parties. And what that helps to do is to create an innovation ecosystem. And obviously everything is run through proper authorization and access control. We don't just give access to everything to everybody. And then we use tools like Threescale, for example, to provide the API management as well. What we start to get to is this idea of supporting a data economy and what the data economy allows us to do is basically create the city as a platform. So the city becomes a platform and it seamlessly merges open and commercial data together. Data is consumed by applications as part of an innovation business model. So you can get new applications, new service providers spinning up and accessing a combination of open data generated by the city and commercial data that's made available by third party data providers. So you can kind of mash up these different applications based on the different data sets that are available. So what we do now is just take a moment and have a look at some kind of real world examples so you can get a sense for what cities around the world have achieved so far. So we're going to start with Valencia in Spain and Valencia deployed a global platform called Platformer VLCI. And it's really about smart city management. It collects key indicators from a whole range of municipal services. And it's really about improving their efficiency, but also offering the performance of those services transparently to citizens. The benefits they've realized is that they've improved the quality of the services provided to their citizens. So the life events that I talked about earlier on, the services that are delivering those life or supporting those life events are delivered in a higher quality way. The environmental quality of the city has improved as well because it allows people to report issues that can be acted on immediately. And conversely, the city can also push out alerts and information about environmental issues in the city as well. It's increased the available information on additional services for citizens and businesses as well. It's reduced public spending, public sector is always under extreme pressure to keep an eye on the budget, keep both eyes on the budget. So it's allowed them to improve the quality of the services, make the service more transparent, but also reduce the cost of delivering those services, which is kind of really, really important for public administrators. It's also encouraged the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship as well. So it promotes the development of new businesses and local ideas and again, especially as we were looking at how we can support cities and entire countries to come out of the COVID pandemic. This is a great way of encouraging the development of new applications, new services, new job opportunities, new business opportunities for people in cities as well. And from a public administrator's point of view, what it's done is improved the decision making process for the administrators. Another Spanish city this time, Malaga, and Malaga started life as a, the smart city project there, started life around becoming an eco-efficient city. And it comprised of 11 companies headed by Endesa, the energy company. And it was really about rationalising the user's energy consumption and cutting overall CO2 emissions. And they've used some red hack technology to underpin that, so products like REL, which gives that kind of the resilience, the scalability and the robustness to support the city. But as you can see, looking at the slide here that not only sustainability, but also a whole range of other services have been made available to the citizens and to holidaymakers as well. So if you get a chance to have a look at Malaga Smart, then please do. It's a very impressive smart city deployment. We're going to switch to the other side of the world now. So we go from Spain to Uruguay to Montevideo and the system at Montevideo is around smart transportation. So the application is called COMOR AR and it's really started out to provide bus arrival, time tracking and information to more than 150,000 citizens who use the service on a monthly basis. And what they've been able to do is integrate real time data on private and public transportation using IoT capabilities there. And what that's done is improve the state of Montevideo in terms of decision making and also the traffic services for citizens as well. So the activity, control systems, geofencing, virtual mapping, the city's real world geography and vehicle information. So you can kind of overlay different bus routes, for example, on a map of the city and kind of plot your route. You can see the performance of the different routes. You can see, you know, how long it's going to take you to get from one place to another. And it's really improved the environmental status of the city, but also the ability for citizens to kind of transit around the city as well. Pitching back to Europe now and it's time to Italy. Brands Aqua is a water and sewage utility service in Italy and they provide water and sewage services to almost a million citizens. They also operate 69 cell service Casa del Aqua water kiosk so water houses and a further 62 water dispensers across the Monza and Brianza region. And they dispense still and sparkling water to consumers and their purchase through a rechargeable payment card. Now the smart kiosk as well as vending water. They also act as communal hub so they're kind of like modern day water and coals if you like. So citizens, when they go to the waterhouse to get the water, they meet other other neighbors and catch up with with with each other and how things are going. But the water company can also communicate directly with citizens through digital displays that exist on in the waterhouses themselves. And this is all delivered as IOT devices and it's managed on a common platform using a range of different microservices. Data is managed in real time from the kiosk to the head office and back to the public and making making the the water utility a lot more agile in how they bring new ideas to life. How they collaborate with partners and scalar services across the network as well. Going back to almost where we started really when we looked at the challenges faced with the climate crisis. You know, we've seen a handful of smart city deployments as well and looking just ahead slightly, you know, we've got this climate crisis. It's on us now, you know, what can we do about that? Well, what smart city technology can do and is starting to be used to do is to monitor for extreme weather events. It can alert the necessary actors. And if the city's got some adaptation or mitigation methods in place, maybe a flood defence, it can activate those as well. So we're seeing it being used to kind of proactively deal or manage the climate crisis. Now, in the true spirit of open source, we don't do all this alone. I mentioned at the start that we work with an organisation called FIWARE. We are a platinum member of the FIWARE Foundation. And FIWARE is both an open source technology platform and a not-for-profit organisation. So imagine the technology side of the organisation like a box of Lego bricks and what you can do is combine these together to build a range of smart solutions and services. And FIWARE as an organisation, it's not for profit foundation. It's based in Berlin in Germany. And it has a global reach through a partner ecosystem of over 340 members and partners now. And it's also spawned in excess of a thousand startups. Some of these partners include Red Hat partners such as ATOS, so a very big partner of ourselves, who are a founding member of FIWARE along with Telefonica and Trigen, NEC. We are a huge customer of us around the world and engineering as well. And so what we do is we work together and we collaborate to create innovative ways to solve the challenges that you've seen in the last few minutes. And also there are always new challenges coming up. So we're working together to solve those challenges, as I said, in the open source spirit of collaboration. So in terms of what does Red Hat provide to this overall solution? And if you like, we are a horizontal foundation, really, on top of which the smart city infrastructure or platform, if you prefer, can operate. So we are the foundation on top of which the platform is deployed. And what we bring is this open and interoperable nature. So it kind of future-proofs the open source architecture. Again, the open standards give this sort of deployment flexibility, which is really important in a fast-changing environment like we have with smart cities. We also bring things like end-to-end analytics. So being able to, you know, analytics the edge, really, and advanced analytics and machine learning so you can execute at the edge of your network. And also we bring control over the data as well. As you imagine, you're dealing with very, very sensitive citizen data. So it's important that that data is kept private and secure, and it conforms to all the necessary regulatory rules and guidelines. Also, again, incredibly popular and important is this idea of modularity, so avoiding lock-in. And it's something that public sector organisations are very, very keen on. They don't want citizen's data locked in a system that means it can't be moved somewhere else. So it's kind of one of the top priorities that always comes out in conversations. And what the modularity allows the organisation to do as well is kind of capitalise on the existing investments they have. We've got legacy systems that have been around for a very long time. They not only have a lot of data in there, but they also have a lot of business logic in there. And it's important that we can absorb them into this new world and kind of realise extra value of the data and the information that's in these legacy systems. What we also help do as well is reduce the risk and the complexity. So simplifying development, deployment and integration tasks, which not only reduce the time to market, but also save development costs as well. And as I mentioned earlier on, being able to deliver these things and reduce the cost of deployment is incredibly important in the public sector world. And end-to-end security, security across devices, access authentication and applications as well as data that's in motion and at rest. And a final point really on where do these things get deployed? Where do they play? What we're hearing from a lot of public sector customers or city administrators is that they want to deploy their smart city infrastructure on their own private cloud. Because of the sensitivity of the data, of the complexity, they just feel a lot more comfortable, a lot more confident that the data and the applications reside with them. So we give that option, but we also have the ability to run in a hybrid model as well. So if an organisation, if a city wants to run a mixture of on-prem and in a public cloud, then we can accommodate that as well. So that's been a kind of whistle-stop tour of smart cities and how we see in combination with a range of actors, how we can deploy them effectively around the world. I'd just like to thank you for your time and I hope you found it useful. And if you'd like to discuss anything I've talked about in more detail, please feel free to drop me a line. I'm Jim Craig at redhat.com. Thank you very much. Bye for now.