 First of all, I really want to thank the new frontiers team for actually giving us the stage and in the time to actually talk to you about our passion. This is going to be a little bit out of this world literally, so bear with us as we become so excited about like what we want to actually do here in New Zealand. Yeah, I'll drive first. So the title of the talk is democratized space and really what we want to do is to create this space ecosystem in New Zealand, create a new industry. But before that, maybe I'll just give a little bit of a background of myself and Eric. So I call home the Philippines and the US. I'm originally from the Philippines. I'm actually dual citizen. And when I grew up, I fell in love with space and never recovered. And it doesn't matter whether Philippines doesn't have a space agency. We didn't have an aerospace engineering program at all. And I'm actually not good at math and science either. But I think the stubbornness actually got me through like physics and space science and my master's in earth sensing because I had a dream. And I think probably if there's anything that I can say about my background is like anybody can actually do this. And so I spent the kind of like the last three decades of my life either working to work for a space startup that is opening up access to space, writing a book on the future of space flight and then also working and building on global educational ecosystems in technology and space. Okay. Yeah, some of my background started in physics and gravity theory and black holes and astronomy mapping the galaxy. Then I became a space engineer and worked on the design of the International Space Station for NASA and then and studied all the ways you can blow up a space shuttle. I spent a year studying the first six seconds of launch and now I can't watch a launch without being freaked out. And worked for big companies and little companies and taught at International Space University in a bunch of countries. And recently been working on ways to protect the earth from asteroids that might hit it, working with NASA on that. But if anyone lands a rocket nearby, I'll be happy to climb on board. So let's tackle the question of space because most people say, well, we have so much problems here and why are we even actually looking at space? There's this misconception that space is always just like big governments, like big budget, space exploration for exploration sake, going to Mars, going to moon, science and technology, all for its own sake. But we actually forget the fact that we use these technologies every day from our GPS in our phones and in our cars to when you look at the weather in the morning. All of these things, like from TV to cable, we take all of these for granted. And especially for a country like New Zealand who's reaching national resources, these are actually services that we need and they're not just good to have. So one of the other things as well is that I actually see space as related to the future of the planet and the future of humanity and us as a multi-planetized species in the future. But also, it also is a global grand challenge and that's a whole other talk that we can talk about later on. But at the same time, space is also an applied technology that can actually potentially solve some of the global grand challenges from energy to food to water and so forth. So it's really something that's really important. So again, going back to New Zealand, what is the benefits of actually working in this kind of like a field? Again, as I mentioned, New Zealand is a resource like rich country. And what better way to actually have like all of these, you know, services, space services to be monitoring and actually sustaining the planet. All homegrown from here. And not just to serve New Zealand, but also to serve the rest of the world and become like a leader in this. So there's a really great opportunity to actually create like a space, a new whole space industry through, for example, through research and development. As we've been talking about before, New Zealand is a pioneering country. It's in the culture of being innovative and actually creating new things. So that's one thing that I think is going to benefit New Zealand. The other thing as well is that we can also create a whole new workforce that is working on space activities and space initiatives. And that's not just, we're not really talking about just hardware, but we're also talking about software. There's, of course, engineers and scientists and rocket scientists that can actually launch things in space. But with satellites that are not proliferating, there's going to be a whole amount of data that are coming and needs to be analyzed. And we are going to be needing computer scientists and data analysts and so forth. And that's already something that the tech community in New Zealand is already quite inherent. Just to give you an example, this image of New Zealand, you collect this every couple of weeks, and now it's going to be more rapid that we get mapping of the entire country this way. So you can actually see health of rivers and bays and things like that. And we'll talk about some more sensors that coming up. So just as some statistics, today the global space community actually consists of about, it's now over 58 countries. This is data from 2013, all the way from superpowers like the US and Russia and China, but then also to little countries like Luxembourg as well in Turkey and Algeria. So there's definitely an opportunity there. And also just to point out that the global space market today, most people think that it's more government based, but actually there's a bigger market in terms of about $200 billion in the commercial side and bigger than the civilian side that we normally know about. So how are we actually going to do this? You know, I'm very privileged that I've lived in Silicon Valley for over eight years, and I see the coolest, greatest technology that come and go. But again, that's changing, the world is changing. We really live in a really interesting time today because exponential technologies, these are technologies that are rapidly accelerating and growing at an exponential pace. So robotics, AI, nanotech, biotech, these are technologies that are actually democratizing, demonetizing and dematerializing all the goods and services that we have today. And these are the things that we can actually leverage to actually create this new industry. So these new technologies, which a lot of us experience through how the smartphone is suddenly so powerful. I don't know if you realize that the smartphone is, your one phone is more powerful than all the computers that the Pentagon had when they were fighting the Cold War. It's equivalent to 60 times the craze to supercomputer. And so when you click on the agreement to start your phone, it says in the fine print, you will not use your phone to design nuclear weapons. Or else the Apple lawyers will come after you. So these technologies have rippled through all these different space areas. And Rocket Lab take advantage of the propulsion advances. I'm going to talk about a few other ones. I'm going to talk about the spacecraft and the sensing technology and some about the manufacturing. So first off, CubeSats, suddenly you have the very powerful spacecraft in these tiny little packages, only 10 centimeters on a side. And so they're becoming like the Swiss Army knife. I mean, it's like originally this was designed as a little package that people could learn how to make a spacecraft. But now with all the powerful computing, the most powerful computers in space are being launched on these tiny little spacecraft. And they're doing amazing things with picking up radio signals and some of the sensors I'll be talking about. So instead of $100 million multi-ton satellites, now we're little ones that fit in your hand. And Rocket Lab is playing and launching about 20 of these in a shot every launch. So here's a very powerful little CubeSat. It looks about the size of a coffee cup here. But you can have a telescope in there and a computer chip, a sensor chip, and take images like that image of Washington, D.C. down there. And the company Plant Labs is making these by the batch. So they have 140 up there right now. And here's one thing you can do when you have tiny satellites, you can spread the sensors out over the orbit. So now you're taking a scan of the entire planet this way. And their aim is to scan the entire Earth every day. And so previously when people would document illegal logging in the Amazon two weeks ago, and they would criticize it, now you can actually see the loggers while they are there. And the government has already intercepted illegal logging based on the quick scan of the whole planet. And so the goal of this company is to check the health of the planet every day. I'm really disappointed that I missed my chance to bring this for a demonstration here. My little software-defined radio arrived three hours after I left to come here. But basically an ordinary tracking ground station to get the data from these satellites costs half a million dollars. But now with the technology you can get this same image for $30 if you have a nice little number eight wire antenna. And so another powerful transition is hyperspectral imaging. Ten years ago I worked on this instrument for NASA. It was half a ton. It cost $700 million. And it was able to take images in 100 different colors. And now that all fits on one chip. It's still $50,000, but it's amazing. And so what can you do with this sensor? Well, you can ordinary cameras or three color cameras. This one is 100 colors. And so you can actually identify species. You can even identify the health of the plant depending on the spectrum of the plant and the species. So we're trying to make a promotion to introduce this. We're working in this company and Emily will tell you about that. But trying to use New Zealand and tracking invasive species from space as a test case. And we think we can start flying drones perhaps at the end of the year. Oh, and one more area is this. You have 3D printing. Well, some of our students five years ago started a company that made 3D printers and put them on the space station. And now usually when something breaks on the space station, you have to wait three months for the next delivery from the ground. Whereas they surprised this one astronaut when he said he was lost his wrench somewhere in the space station. And then they emailed one to him. And the astronauts when they operate these 3D printers like little microwaves and they're controlled from the ground. So they open them up and it's like a Christmas present. They don't know what's inside. My wrench. So they were very happy with that. And this eventually the idea is that you can launch this raw material up into space and build a spacecraft that could never be launched in one piece or any pieces. And so you can get tremendous new capability that can only exist in space. I know we have only a very little amount of time left. But I just wanted to kind of maybe rattle a little bit more examples of like startup companies that are actually leveraging the technologies that Eric has talked about. So he talked about hyperspectral imaging. Hypercubes is this two person startup, one Australian, one Brazilian. And now they're basically leveraging and taking that small sensor that is now the size of a thumb, putting it, sticking it into a nanosat. And essentially now they're basically partnering with the World Food Program to see if they can actually help the WF for monitoring like food production as well and the health of plants. They're also partnering with a nonprofit organization to look for chemical weapons as well. And so these guys are looking for actually a ride up. If you know of anybody who can launch them. Another company that we're partnering with, Endura Studies from Bulgaria. And because the axis is actually so democratized as well is that now we have an online store for satellites. So these guys can actually configure what you need like in a few minutes and then in five days they can actually give you the satellite. So again, this is one guy out of Bulgaria that is actually working on this. There's a bunch more examples. So we have one student as well from Singularity University like five years ago didn't know anything about space at all, but really wanted to do this open source like earth sensing, a constellation of satellites. Now he's got four satellites up there that he's launched through some from the Chinese, some from the Russians. But and he's actually doing this from Pallagonia. The other thing, another example here is that about two months ago, Africa is actually saying that they're going to be launching their first satellite. And it's designed by high school kids from South Africa. So again, this is like just just to let you know that this is not out of this world. It's been democratized then and it's actually in the hands of technologies in the hands of anybody who would want to actually just leverage it. Whoever wants to make the first New Zealand satellite. Yeah. So again, Eric talked about Planet Labs earlier. This guy's this is actually the garage that they kind of like started with in Cupertino. It's it's really three guys in a garage. And now today they have over 150 nanosatellites up there. They actually have the biggest constellation of satellites and they only started launching three and a half years ago. In two days time, they'll be launching like 88 nanosatts up, which is unprecedented. And the cool thing about this as well is that in 2014 they had 26 satellites that actually they blew up on launch like orbit orbital actually didn't make it to launch. And so in normally like a company would have been like devastated and done with, but because the technology is just so fast and changing that they already have like new satellites. On the pipeline and they wanted to actually launch those new ones as opposed to the ones that were being launched. So this is certainly something that I think is really, really relevant to New Zealand because again, sensing for climate change disaster response. I mean, you know, it's a very agricultural country for food security as well. And as we can see with the weather and environmental monitoring is very important. And so we've gone from being a bystander to actually becoming a participant in this like space movement to create an industry. Yeah, so now in only a few weeks, Rocket Lab will make their first launch attempt near Hawkes Bay. And I always say attempt because of the 11 companies that have tried this building a new rocket. Eight of them have failed in the first try, but they eventually succeeded. So good luck for Rocket Lab. And so they, in fact, they have such an ideal spot that, you know, as soon as they announced their vehicle, they sold out two years worth of launches. They're so popular around the world. Everybody is watching for this launch that's coming up. They're even some people that we work with, they're even going to be launching to the moon from New Zealand at the end towards the end of this year with this small lunar lander. I used to work on, I used to be the run this lunar lander design, but back when it was bigger and now it's shrunk down because of the technology. And so we're some of the competitive advantages for New Zealand. One is just the location you can launch without the constraints of ship and air traffic that other places have. And Rocket Lab has built their launch facilities and built this very cleverly designed rocket. But you also have a whole base of education and high tech and existing entrepreneurial systems. We may need a few more domes for our ecosystem. And we also, and also a very responsive and progressive government in this area to encourage activity in this area. So I know we've kind of like don't have time left, but at the same time I know that we're also going to have a discussion session this afternoon. So just let me probably end kind of like on this slide where, so how are we actually going to do this in New Zealand? So for us, we don't know the answer. I just want to say that out on the bat and we're basically experimenting. We want to co-create, we do, we want to be part of this community to actually create this. With our experiences at least from the past creating educational ecosystems. This is sort of like the roadmap that we're looking at to see how this could potentially happen. And so for us like education is for sure one of the biggest thing. You know, you can't just like launch rockets. You need to have a sustainable workforce that can actually sustain that industry for a long period of time. And the good thing is that education has also been disrupted. You don't need a four degree in like aerospace engineering to actually get into this business. We've been talking to a number of digital education platforms that can actually do this and also traditional space, traditional training programs like International Space University and the Global Space Institute who can actually bring this to New Zealand as well. Then the other component to this is like having an entrepreneurial and a technological hub that can actually sustain and have startups. Start looking at potentially working on space initiatives on this. And New Zealand already has the tech hub. And again a drones like inventor or engineer can easily be ported to become a satellite engineer today. It's no longer that like prohibitive. And if you have that ecosystems and you have that like sustainable communities like accelerators and hubs that can potentially again a fraction of that be ported to like looking at space, then that's sort of like you're halfway there. But one thing to point out as well as most companies or most space companies actually die there because in the traditional sense it's always too cost prohibitive the technology to develop the R&D is like just too big. But today again going back to the exponential technologies because it's not gotten cheaper faster and better we can actually kind of like bridge that gap to do that. And the ecosystem is the most important technology. Technology cannot solve everything. It's the people who will solve everything and the people who have the willpower to actually take that technology and put it into practice. And so I think for us again we're not only like just looking at this on the New Zealand scale. Our goal really as Lauren was talking about earlier, I think we're going to be a multi-planetary species in the far future. And it's not just the superpowers of the world like the US and Russia and China who will actually get us there. We want everybody to have that capability to actually be part of that solution and not just be bystanders. And I think New Zealand can be the pioneer for doing that new space movement that we all want to do. So thank you.