 Okay folks welcome. I didn't know if anyone was interested in this and had a nice to see a robust crowd When we do public events, we always begin with a little safety Briefing I am your responsible safety officer. This is the one event I'm not worried about because if anything if a terrorist is so stupid as to try to take on this bunch They're not gonna live long But I do want to say if we do have an episode you're gonna take instructions for me We've got exits right here on this side. We go out. We're going to go down the Stairway, which is right outside here outside We're gonna meet across the street at the beacon hotel and I'll pay for drinks for everybody, okay? So but but do pay attention to me if I have to tell you to do something do it, okay? I'm very grateful that we can get together with you today and very grateful to have these leaders with us Special thanks to the US Navy Institute and Jim. Thank you for your leadership here. We love partnering with you This is gonna be quite an interesting session now. I remember The days when the Navy and the Marine Corps loved each other like brothers Kane and Abel You know and each was gonna try to kill the other to get his soup for the night That's changed. That's changed because we now have Truly visionary leadership that is looking forward and saying, you know We don't have enough resources as a country to do it dumb So we're gonna have to be smart and being smart is finding the strengths in each other and Finding ways to make those strengths come together and that's what you're going to hear today I deeply admire these gentlemen because they have been leading in a very important way to bring services together You know there I say this there are two forms of athletic competition Where you win by backing up One is tug of war and the other is rowing competitive rowing Now everybody below these guys plays tug of war every day right And they're the ones that are trying to get everybody facing in the boat the same direction the oars synchronized so that they can win And it's that kind of leadership the country needs right now We're very grateful to have them here and before I turn it over to Admiral Stavridis Let me just say welcome to the Secretary of Navy John Warner. We're delighted to have you here, senator Now my very dear friend Jim Stavridis. He is You know never content to be just a Military officer. He also decided to be a scholar and wrote books while I'm trying to get out a weekly memo I don't know how to hell that word And Jim is now heading up the Fletcher school and just doing terrific things He and so I'm going to turn to Jim and Jim's going to lead this conversation and thanks to all of you We look forward to hearing this presentation. Thank you very much John, thank you Well, I just uh returned the compliment. I don't think there's anybody in Washington Dr. Hamery who has a deeper knowledge or more of the finger field for the department of defense So thank you for your time in the building as well. Yes indeed First of all, thank you all for turning out. This is uh, absolutely an incredible Turn out and it it makes sense because this is an extremely important document In the uh, the so-called green room and of course these are three citizens of the green room here Before hand, I heard that come down to the Marine Corps my very good friend Joe Dunford fellow Fletcher graduate by the way Joe was quoting Jackie Fisher He said Now that the money's run out. It's time to think And I think there is something to that in this strategy and So there are motivations for why now why are we rolling out this strategy now part of it is resources But I think it would be fascinating to hear from each of the three service chiefs about Why now? If we look at the long throw of maritime strategies Go back to the cold war, of course the maritime strategy Pretty clearly delineated a world that no longer exists We have the fall of the wall the end of the cold war Dot dot dot from the sea takes us if you will into the latoral and then more recently 2007 the cooperative strategy Of which this one is a revision But appears to me in many ways to be Quite a new document So hopefully we'll tease out some of those things what I thought I would do is ask each of the three service chiefs Kind of an opening question about why now from their service perspectives and then give each of them a moment to simply talk about Their particular services piece of this strategy and then we'll open it up to questions And I know there are a lot So with that if I can start with my very good friend john greener our chief naval operations Sir why now why not and there you go Well, honestly why literally now in the nearer term because we had our thoughts kind of pulled together over a year ago I wanted to be sure that my two colleagues here who And we knew that changeover was going to take place We're fully on board and I didn't try to clobber something because this is a sea service document Right off the bat that I didn't try to clobber that so I wanted to be sure that they were fully on board and had the opportunity To consume it, but why now generally speaking? Well, where were we in 2007? We still had the john f kennedy Conventional carrier and we're thinking you know, we have one here coming under construction soon We still had the kitty hawk in the western pacific the enterprise was nowhere near the commission cyber wasn't a word yet We were ramping up in iraq and violence. We're still thinking is coming up in afghanistan We never heard of isis isle boko haram The western pacific was still in a different place So you get my point it's a very very different world and a lot of our missions were evolving during that time So I felt it was time to in my view redefine or define seapower As I see it as we see it looking now and out into the future I felt it was important and we all agreed in the group that we worked to say What are we really about and put that foundation and its presence to be out there and about and to lay down And to explore and lay down our functions and be comfortable with them deterrence power projection Sea control and maritime security and what we felt very close very much in unison Whereas all domain access and that to me that's taking air sea battle And what we now call the joint concept for access and maneuver in the global commons Obviously that acronym I didn't get the acronym so to lay that in and and codify right what we're doing Wonderful. Well, let me turn it to the commandant of the marine corps How does this moment make sense for the core Joe? Yeah, I think in addition to what the cno said, I mean, there's really there's really three factors One is the complexity of security environment that he spoke about and with that has come extraordinarily increased demand by the combatant commanders In demand we can't meet if we do it if we do business the way we've historically been doing it So I think what this document now does is drive us to a degree of integration that frankly is the next level From where we've been and and that's why I made the comment in the green room that you mentioned is Time to think because we cannot actually buy our way out of the security problems that we have right now If you take the complexity of security environment the increased demand in the context of the fiscally constrained environment With with relatively fixed resources Meeting that demand is going to require us to do things differently And and that's why in addition to cno's process comments and his comments about the war fighting aspect of it I think that's why it makes sense for us to do it right now That's why from a marine corps perspective we're excited about it because I do think there are things that we can do Better than we've been doing in the past There's modifications that we can make to the way we're doing business that better take advantage of the resources We're going to have and frankly this document also might inform the prioritization and allocation of resources in a different way In the coming years that would get us to build a force that's more capable and more relevant to our to the security challenges We confront yeah, that's a wonderful point. I Happen to have breakfast this morning with Brent Scowcroft one of the great Strategists I think of our times and he said something that stuck with me Which is we were talking about in today's world to strategy even makes sense because it's become such a tactical world and he said well If all you do is crisis management all you're going to get is more crisis. That's a pretty powerful point Calm down. Let me turn to you sir and say from the perspective of our coast guard How does this moment feel for you in terms of the right time? I can jump the follow on the biblical kanan able reference. I'm david trying to take down a goliath We've had a convergence of goliath since 2007 one is the art It's an ocean, but it's become a much more open ocean We've seen military gestures by russia in the arctic, but really what are the biggest concerns in the arctic? Someone's going to fall in it or oil spills in it and it affects the way of life up in the arctic domain So I look at the arctic the nation right now we produce more oil than we import and by 2020 We will be a net export nation. We produce the most oil and gas in the world The panama canal opens it's going to change sea lines of communication But the coast guard is a regulatory agency In guaranteeing the safety and security of that maritime transportation system We have a vital part there as well Intel now drives most of our operations. We no longer go out and do random patrols And we have awareness through whole of government on about 90 of the drug flow destined to the united states On the best of days I can probably put planes and ships on about 20 percent of that flow At a point in time where the western hemisphere is besieged by organized crime eight out of 10 of the most violent nations are here And really this cooperative strategy the navy has to rebalance when you look at the threats across the world And so it's imperative that the coast guard provides some of that filler if you will To stay focused and maintain the momentum that we have in the western hemisphere Perfect. Well, let me kind of spin the order and ask each of you to just say a word about As you read the strategy and you think about your service It's one thing to have a strategy now you've got to execute it So what are the keys for execution? As you look at the strategy going forward and I ask you to go right back again We'll just walk it back this way So I'll go way back in time 1790 alexander hamilton chartered a fleet of 10 revenue cutters And I'm sure the right number back then would have been about 20 But we may do with 10 But we've always been very platform centric. Give me a budget and then I'll figure out what to do with it You really need to have strategy drive your budgetary process This strategy comports very well the coast guard has several series of strategies that we have an arctic strategy That aligns with a national strategy for the arctic region I just released a western hemisphere strategy that aligns with our department strategy for southern borders And we now have a national strategy for central america Within the next month. I will then release a all domain a cyber strategy Because the coast guard operates in three domains dot mill dot gov and and dot com In our relationship with the maritime industry So this really comes at a very opportune time for us to align our strategies with a higher level and especially with among the three C services That's an interesting way to approach it So you're creating and already have if you will some sub strategies both regional and functional interesting approach Commandant, what say you what's the execution plan? Well the strategy outlines for the marine corps Which should be no surprise to anybody follow that falls the marine corps one We should be forward deployed forward engaged and able to respond to crisis And and secondly we should be part of what the cno is described as all the main access We provide a force voluntary capability that is a is it a key piece of of all the main access And so the next step is Which we're actually in the midst of anyway is reviewing the capabilities that we have to support those and as i mentioned Today if you met the combatant commanders requirements, you'd need something over 50 ships Well, we don't have 50 ships So, uh, we're going to have 33 amphibious ships. That's the fiscal constraint requirement And so the first step is to take a look and say look we have a requirement to be forward deployed forward engaged We have a requirement to respond to crises We have a fixed inventory of amphibious ships So what else can we do to put marines at sea? To put marines and sailors at sea to be able to respond to crises in a timely manner and to put that in some perspective I use two models. There's really two models of crisis response There's the model of conducting evacuation operations this past year in the sudan and libya in yamen where You're on the front page above the fold for about 24 hours And then that incident you've moved on or there's the crisis response model of Benghazi Which never goes away and of course in one case you respond within hours In other cases you respond within days and the american people I think have an expectation that it's the former not the latter That marines and sailors will be able to do So in terms of where we go next I think one of the more important things we do is we take a look at how do we feel that gap that we currently have We are doing some of that shore based that of course is is suboptimal from my perspective The one thing you have when you have naval forces is you have a piece of us sovereignty out there You don't have to ask permission to do things you can do whatever the nation needs you to do And so although we have special purpose mag tasks that are currently filling that gap I think there's other things we can do to feel that gap and the strategy Outlines that From a from a war fighting perspective We have some capability gaps inside the inside the organization right now And in frankly, uh, that's something that we've been looking at over the last couple of years And what the document now does is just provide even more clear focus on the need to move forward with those Again to make sure that we can do all the things we need to be able to do across the range of military operations Which early runs from that day-to-day engagement that the document lays out and then supporting the all-domain access Which in my mind a subset of that an important subset of that is the nation's force point through capability from the sea And we are the only force point through capability from the sea the nation has Thank you, sir. And how about you cno execution is uh, verne? Always used to tell us the most important part of it. I suppose Where it codifies I believe what we're doing in the navy, especially the the organizing train equipment in the deployment So what we've done is sort of captured what we're doing out there However, you gotta I want it to be it has to be consumed and digested internally externally Especially with partners and allies and and to that extent we have uh, we haven't been translated in several languages And we'll send it out to in fact It's in progress as we speak today to get out there about I need to listen to them and say So what does this mean to you because partnership is a huge part of this and so there may obviously a major player They're not a partner. We need I will look at the building of the next palm Through the lens of how this is laid out. It's not designed to build a budget right on top of it There's a layer in between but it defines that fairly well on our endeavors in that regard And then lastly I would say uh, there's a classified annex or two or three to be put together here To go to the next level and say, okay, how do we and probably regionally? So how do we deal with this regionally in more detail at a higher classification? Well, I I think even in the title cooperative strategy, I think there's an international component as cno indicates An interagency cooperative component and hopefully over time a private public one, which I think calm down in the coast guard Mentioned the arctic and a number of ways to pull all that together And I'm glad you mentioned cno this strategic communications piece of this. What's more important than using this as a lever to Tell the story so with that let me open it up for questions and comments and please Say a word. Hello Kevin wincing. Please Indicate who you would like to address the question to or to all three if And I'll we'll look for fairly crisp answers so we can get a lot of people Captain wets Okay, well, thanks animal In today's washington post there was an opinion piece by someone named jim stevridis About the soft underbelly of europe So I'd like to have all three panelists maybe look at what we can do to help The underbelly of europe the italians in particular protect against isis and other terrorist organizations I'll go first. I think one of the good point jim made right off the bat is maritime domain awareness And jim made it clear. This is a collective effort that needs to take place out there We have an ocean shield effort. We have a operation atalanta Both nato both a little bit in my opinion legacy that can be reapplied for that area So I think sharing as much information as possible to help the italians in this would be a great first step And perhaps the least effort needed And commandant, you know the italian coast guard is deeply involved in this effort across that strait Which has humanitarian aspects. Are we working with them cooperating with the italians in particular or in a general sense We have a north atlantic coast guard forum and they had 170 000 migrants You know lead the north coast of africa and then they arrived in italy some from syria There's very little biometrics, but there's also very little unity of effort within the european union So whoever takes receipt is now the owner And so we want to make sure that there's a clear end game as you deal with a mass migration is what is the end state We certainly have a model that we use here in the united states Does it apply in the european union right now? It doesn't so there's really needs to be an authorities piece that goes with that so You don't want to go in Start something that doesn't have a clear end game to it, especially if you don't have the authorities But we have that very frank and open dialogue Comment on anything you'd like to I think that question gets that what I alluded to earlier, which is in in the european Command we have a gap in frankly african. We have a gap in our ability to crisis response from the sea And we actually expect cno and i expect from from from both commanders a letter that will request A mobile landing platform or a float staging base to help fill that gap And so that's one of the that's one of the ways that we can help out is you know The whole first part of my career going to the med was a routine occasion We always had strong naval presence in the mediterranean We don't have that today as a result of challenges in the middle east and the presence required in the pacific And so you come in african have been a bill pair if you will for our presence in the middle east and In the pacific and I think back to the point of the strategy and causing us to think differently with the resources that we have available There's a perfect problem that's already working in other words. We're in a dialogue right now with the combatant commanders They've articulated the gap in crisis response there I mentioned one material solution. That's not the limit of the material solution But the point is trying to figure out how do we get marines and sailors back into the mediterranean to support What you wrote about this morning in the southern flank of europe because there are Obviously very real security challenges and ford presence is a key piece of addressing those Yeah, and I I agree in particular I want to underline this a flow forward staging base because it's also an opportunity for private public partnering It's a creative idea. I've seen it bouncing around I would say that within the strategy we talk about a global network And at any given day we took a muster one time There are about six to seven hundred ships underway within what we would call the freedom loving nations around the world So if you take the full inventory, it's well over a thousand ships So we have a thousand ship navy potential energy out there So my point would be these are the kind of opportunities a kind of a common problem Nobody wants this to happen right and and here's a an ally a friend that we could get together How hard can this be and we have the ships? So bring it together get the common network and go to work. That's kind of the point. Great point. Thank you. How about over here, sir? Sydney Friedberg breaking defense A question First for the for the cnl, but I think both commandants can probably add to it as well You know the one thing of this that seems new in sort of doctrinal terms is You have these four traditional functions. You've added all domain access, which is admittedly a very vague term of an intriguing as a fifth It's a long list of things but a what's the unifying idea of all domain access Seems to imply a somewhat scarier world. We have to fight for access And what does it mean? Institutionally in terms of how the three services actually allocate resources and train people For to be elevated to a fifth core function You have to think about it's it's all well and good to want to project power be deterrent and all of these things If you can't get to where you need to get Which could be on the surface under the sea in the space you get my point all of the domains including cyber You'll be ineffective In the world that we live in with the means that we are being tasked to project power and do the things That our military is is required to do It's it's more conceptual Sydney in our approach and it captures The very essence in my opinion of what started out to be the air sea battle concept If you don't have that and it's not a primary function that all of our kids are thinking about when they develop When they organize training equipment operating, we will be uh, we will not necessarily be successful That's the that's what that meant. Yeah, I think from Marines. It really codifies the way we think anyway We've never associated ourselves with a specific domain We've always thought of ourselves as having a lane within both the sea air and sea air and and land domain And what this really is I think is another way of looking at combined arms integration But now it's both traditional and non-traditional combined arms integration to ensure that we can do whatever we want to do Whenever we want to do it and I think that's an important piece of there is an offensive Warfighting tone to this document that that says where the united states has interest and needs access It can have that access and and I think that's what that that's what that concept captures Thanks, um, how about someone here in the center right here, sir Thank you. I'm well Hank Hendrickson with the us philippine society To turn toward asia if I may just be curious about uh to know how you see Evolving relations with the philippines in light of what's going on In terms both the rebalance to asia and in the south china sea. Thank you Terrific, um, please calm down. You want to start us off? No, I I'm I'm actually Encouraged and you probably are tracking it pretty closely I mean our our relationship with the philippines particularly the last two or three years the military the military engagement has really improved quite a bit and uh, and and I can foresee now Operationalizing some of the ideas that we're that we're discussing with the philippine military You've seen more marines in and out of the philippines lately than we have for a few years We've provided good support to the philippines and dealing with their own insurgency Uh, and so, you know, I think Consistent with the overall rebalance to the pacific and consistent with developing strong partnerships and relationships Philippines and philippines have been strong partners for many years. We had a little bit dip In the relationship, but I think but that is a there's a compelling reason for us To cooperate more closely in the future than we have perhaps over the last few years Commandant, I know your three star command was the pacific for the coast guard It was and yeah, we do a lot of work with the philippines two of our former hamilton class cutters are now painted gray And they're in the philippine navy But at the same time we have very frequent dialogues We have philippine cadets at our academy that when they graduate we've had several rise to be Chiefs of their respective services And so it's a strategic relationship But then you've got places like mischief reef 120 miles off the coast of polo on That that the philippines can't access And then what is the role of osean? So not just the philippines vietnam and others that have been more vociferous Over the nine dotted line and what they clearly see as encroachment on their territorial and their economic exclusive zone in this case The real challenge for us is what is the role of the united states because right now our policy is one of non intervention And we would like to see this resolve amicably without any miscalculation But how long does this go on and at what point what instrument might you use for us diplomacy? And maybe it's a white ship with a coast guard strike on it. Maybe not a great ship But all of those conversations We continue to have in a very open transparent dialogue with the philippines Well, let me ask a former seventh fleet commander, uh, who knows the pacific as well as anybody What are your thoughts? You know Uh, we need to move well first of all there's a defined treaty So we have treaty allegations with the philippines and one of the five in the western pacific that we have But then when you go beyond that you say what what do they want to do? What are their aspirations and how do we make our? Opportunities resonate with that at a pace that makes sense with them We have to enable them as as my colleagues had mentioned before when the process of doing that I get back to maritime domain awareness and the willingness of that group as as paul mentioned to be a network in this whole thing There's an amazing deterrent effect intellectual deterrent When folks see us all getting together and they're not you know, that's uneasy to them because what does that be yet? Yeah, well, let me take the Moderators prerogative and since we're in the pacific Let me ask each of you to comment on to what degree was china and china's military In your minds as you worked and crafted on this strategy Cno, you want to start a major part? Uh, they're in there. Uh, we have taken the chance the opportunity I should say to lay in by region and in some cases by nation They weren't the only one but they were a large part of it and I think it's uh, I hope people would read it and say Yeah, I see that right here Come down. This is about projecting us influence in the pacific where we have significant political and economic interests and from marines This was a natural piece of strategy We view our contribution as the 22,500 marines western international dateline I think that sends a clear and unmistakable signal to anyone in the pacific that there's us commitment in the region And I think certainly, uh, we want that to be part of china's calculus Good comment doc As we talked about earlier about partnerships and relationships, uh, the coast guard has a long standing one with with china and Uh, they they're modeling their coast guard after the united states coast guard Four of the five dragons are now china coast guard complete with a paint scheme racing strike Not our people not our authorities, but they're replicating the united states coast guard Each year we do a combined operation. It's not an exercise. It goes on for about two months Where we share information we put chinese shipwriters on coast guard cutters and then we direct intercept operations And then china is signatory to the un convention on high sea drift net fishing And so we seize vessels and we hand them over to china for prosecution So it's a good news story that we have with china And this month i will host the director of the maritime safety administration Which is not a member of the china coast guard But they have the greatest presence out in the east and south china sea to address the issues of cues as the cno has brought up to Socialize that aspect so we don't have miscalculations between china and the united states. Got it. Thank you senator warner secretary the navy warner Yes, sir. Just one moment for the microphone Open with a reference to the cold war And i remember it quite well and at that time At that time we had off the coast of the united states Soviet submarines with a full load Not more than four five hundred miles off our coast patrolling And every morning in the pentagon when we started today we were briefed on the positions And what our collective asw Capabilities were and the status And my question was all due respect to you adam You've devoted your life to the silent service and our triad land sea and air Of that team the survivability of the submarine force Is the highest To the extent you can share With us today The cutting edge that we had In the late 60s and 70s Kept that cold war from becoming a hot out Do we have that cutting edge technology today? In our combined asw forces Given the advancements of today's russia In the submarine business And the last question is that they had a an interesting military general staff And there was a strong link of communications between our military and admiral gorsk off grechko And uh those chains were kept open Now given the mystery surrounding putin today Are those Communications still there? And do we have that cutting edge as a deterrent? From letting this current situation get hot Uh, thanks senator, but and thanks for everything that you do We're we very much look forward to delivering the john warner and the not too distant future Just a plug. I'm just saying Speaking of the silence I Summarize of us saying we own the undersea domain today. I am very comfortable with where we are today I am very uncomfortable with where we're headed when I look at the budgetary situation I don't want to turn this necessarily into budget question But we have the advantage in the undersea today We will not enjoy that advantage if we head down the budget world that ends with the budget control act levels of funding Because we just aren't keeping up with the movement of technology today So with that said we have it intellectually We have it in the culture and we have it in the technology and i'm talking not just the submarines I'm talking about the network of systems under the water and the new p8 aircraft Which is a quantum leap in our anti-submarine warfare capability senator the Just a few years ago in my Tsingy house there in the dining room You know, I was drinking a vodka toast with uh with the chief of the russian navy Victor chirkoff and he was talking about how i'm headed to st. Petersburg and I was so excited And just like that months later No communication and so we are frankly cut off. I worry about it very much so Because i've seen the opportunities that and you have to sir in the cold war that present themselves when you can have engagement As we've been able to have with china and some of the movement We've had spoken to in this room about what we've been able to do But we have no engagement with uh russia right now and no engagement with iran which bothers me And I think if we could work to that regard it would be hestas Overall in the uh for our security situation. Thanks Uh, how about someone right here jack? Thank you and good morning jack london in the creation of any strategy One always thinks in terms of threats and challenges and vulnerabilities And following on the senator warner's question and others Maybe you could focus for a moment on what are the higher priority threat profiles For which this strategy has been created to give us some perspective Want to start here in the center of commandant sure I think what it outlines at first obviously violent extremism is is one of the threats that's outlined Certainly russia and the developments that we just alluded to uh is part of it Earlier question was china you'd have to think about north korea nuclear weapons ballistic missiles Those are probably some of the top challenges that the that the strategy outlines and addresses Comrade For me, it's the role of non-state actors in the maritime domain when I look at organized crime It's a 750 billion dollar enterprise and what's the second order effect of that rule of law Good governance regional stability and where are they most vulnerable? They're most vulnerable at sea So the coast guard has 41 treaties with other countries to be their law enforcement arm Also using military authorities right into their territorial sea, which is unique There's no other set of authorities like it on the world So for us it provides us that that emphasis if you will on non-state actors and their role with regard to regional stability And cno nation state, I'd say north korea iran russia And uh and the non-state actor is stated by my colleagues from boko haram to you know isis to al-qaeda iam ap Subject-wise cyber I think we we have to grasp What it really means and what we have to do in the mechanics of that there's a host of weapons I won't bore people with we're working on Yeah No, I I completely agree on cyber um in my time as the nato commander That kept me more awake than afghanistan libya the balkans and a number of other challenges Others sir right here Thank you very much don't we with china review news agency of hong kong I have a follow-up question of uh us china military Relations my question is particularly for emerald greenert and We know a couple weeks ago the two warships of the us navy and pao a navy For the first time conducted the COC of the unexpected Encounter in the south china sea So how significant it is and what kind of Military exchange programs Uh will be going on in this year between the us navy and pao a navy. Thank you This year 2015 Yes Not a lot not as much as I would hope there are no there's no big Multilateral exercise of this year. We look ahead to We're impact 2016 toward that And see where that goes, but we we have occasional bilaterals. We do them in the gulf of aid With plan ships Admiral wuxiang li and I would very much like to and we are in the progress of getting what we call modules Simple exercises so that when our two ships pass in the east china sea south china sea wherever Rc those commanding officers have the authority Vested in them to say hey, let's do common book and you call it out We we do it with nato ships all the time. I think it's called atp one alpha Be the old book. Yeah, usually you'll laugh and you know, all right So so you can we can do this There are others there are some Some multilateral exercises in the south china I should say the ocean area that we work brunai hosted some and there are others in the mix But I I think the basically we are looking for those opportunities Tactical opportunities as well as broader multilateral. I think you'll find 2016 will be a Better year than 15. It tends to go in cycles. Let me get someone from over here. How about all the way in the back? Can we get a mic to this gentleman? Where is our mic person? Sure Good morning. My name is collin steel I work at georgetown university and I'd first like to thank all the panelists and then ask all of them About evolving cooperative strategies between the sea services as we transition out of land-based warfare particularly with respect to non-state or even non-war operations Transitioning out of land warfare. I think we're probably going to continue to do some land warfare, but cooperative strategies, please Between the services anything in particular that jumps to your mind come First before the strategy, maybe just the process, you know One thing we revived a couple of years ago was the naval board And that's got both the senior leadership in the marine corps and cno senior leadership in the naval board And that board really is designed To drive better integration between the navy and marine corps both for day-to-day operations But as well on initiatives like the cooperative strategy, where are we going in the future? What's going to be the capability development? We need to have the navy marine corps you want to have in 2020-2022 and I would just say I think the comment you made is probably captures my sentiment You know land warfare is not going away and the marine corps never left from left never left to sea So there's an overstatement on both sides We throughout the last 14 years of of land warfare, if you will We've remained at sea our marine expeditionary units have continued to be out there It's been an issue of capacity number one and it's also been an issue of Level of warfare. We probably have where we've suffered the most is not on our day-to-day Forward deployed crisis response capability the ARG new capabilities are still what they need to be I think it's probably in the high-end war fighting where it's suffered a little bit because we haven't had the opportunity to conduct the kind of Exercises and training necessary to do that and and I think that's where really our focus is right now But but I would tell you I think the naval board which has historically been something that's brought the navy and marine corps together Revitalizing that under Admiral Greener's leadership a couple of years ago with my predecessor I'm certainly committed to that will continue to do that and I think that's the right vehicle to get to where we need to be Commandant In my strike group we deployed with a coast guard cutter is that kind of integration still in progress occasionally very very much We we meet and we've been meeting probably for over two decades now on an annual basis cno common on the coast guard and our very senior staffs Nav guard board is what it used to be called So we look at regions of the world we looked at the Arctic And we said what is the greatest risk in the Arctic right now? And it really speaks to a coast guard like equities as a navy developed a Road ahead for the Arctic region We have coast guard law enforcement teams fully integrated doing oceania maritime security initiatives as we look at threatened Eez and that part of the world No different in africa as well. So whether it's law enforcement teams are fully integration with With our navy counterparts our newest national security cutter was the sag commander for the pl a during this last Were impact it was a good fit for us And so wherever we can support but we've had it's been in our dna for probably well over Well probably since 1790 quite honestly sure Cno anything to add on that? Well, I'd say As the us navy is a very much I say porting entity when it comes to you know warfare Sure So our job is to be out and about where it matters when it matters I like to say if something erupts put it out put that fire out right away Using my with my two colleagues as partnership if that doesn't get it done and we got to go to war at sea We established maritime superiority Which means you can go where you need to go with acceptable risk And prevent another country or an adversary from doing the same Then establish a sea base and support land operations with either the marine corps of the army as the case may be Air force and air power. I mean I'm not trying to wrap it up. It's some perfect thing But all I would suggest is it isn't that clear cut as my colleagues have said We're still intertwined in this land warfare piece and a major supporting entity supporting. I emphasize Thanks. How about somebody over here? Yes, ma'am right over here Hi mega next time with us ni news Admiral greener you mentioned earlier that you were going to be looking at the next palm cycle through the lens of this strategy So I wonder for all three of you if there are any areas that you see now where the f y16 budget may not mesh up Perfectly with this strategy and where you may need to kind of tweak your budget Yeah, I'll start off with go right down the line Uh with strategic deterrence The the sea base strategic deterrent is our number one Mission that we provide The security of the united states that's homeland security We have to replace the current ohio class submarine senator warner kind of alluded to it earlier the survival piece We don't have the money associated to do that without ruining the shipbuilding account Which permeates all that this strategy is about for the future That is my number one conundrum right now I think probably one of the one of the key areas that's that's not properly aligned and we've got to work on Is is command and control as as a whole this this implies Distributed operations to a degree probably greater than we've been doing historically It's a trend that's happened We used to we used to talk a lot about split amphibious ready group renexpedition unit operations within the same Within the same cocom and we used to argue as to whether or not that ought to be a good thing to do or not And whether whether we ought to train organize and equip to actually be able to do split arc operations It's now the routine It's always going to happen and not only that we now have what we call disaggregated operations Which means routinely we're going to have naval forces that are operating simultaneously and two separate combatant commanders error Responsibility and and i'm not satisfied that we've actually addressed the organizational implications The equipment implications and the training implications to fully realize the distributed operations that are that are captured inside the document And that's that's actually a huge focus for us It isn't so much about pom 16 to be honest with you because it's not just going out and buying things It's actually thinking our way through this and making sure that what we're doing is fully integrated and develops a capability So it's just not about going buying more radios, which I could do that in 16 It's about us coming together and identifying the capability that we need to have and making sure that's properly resourced And i'll finish just by saying that there's two questions I asked my team the other day as we did the pom 17 review The first question was does this fully support Distributed operations at the company level which for us is one of the concepts The second question was does this fully support operational maneuver from the sea? And do we actually realize then in the context of cs 21 what we're saying we need to be able to do So it's this is really not just you know f y 16 or pom 16 This is about capability development over the next three five frankly seven or eight years I'm done. You're of course in a different department I assume secretary j johnson has had a good look at this strategy and how about you How would you answer the question in terms of the needs and supporting that cooperative strategy that's laid out here First with the respect of the department of homeland security tremendous tremendous support from from my secretary Because we're on the threshold of what will be the largest recapitalization effort in coast guard history We have three bids that are out. We will down select next year And then we need to move ahead on recapitalizing a fleet of ships that today is 50 years old And when that first ship is delivered there'll be 55 and so I Explained the people that are not familiar with the maritime domain when you get to the seabooey and then you go beyond that I always say it gets very lonely Gets lonely because we are the only entity in the world that has three sets of authorities 61 bilateral agreements That that cover counter drugs Fisheries but even more importantly weapons of mass destruction on every flag state of convenience So if you have a shipment destined for the united states Do you want a goal line defense inside the seabooey? Or do you want the ability to exert u.s sovereignty into the territorial seas of where that ship departed? And the answer is I'd much rather have to ladder But we're not going to have that as a nation if we don't make this investment To build affordable ships But most importantly with the authorities vested in the united states coast guard to be able to exert our Sovereignty well beyond the seabooey Thank you Ray Dubois right here from csis Thank you, jim Your strategy in section four addresses building the future force and obviously all strategies to be compelling and to be strong must address the issue of people With respect to the advances in science and advances in technologies How are the sea services addressing? Incorporating those advances into the professional military education issues war college curricula to Assist our our future leaders in appreciating those Those technologies and how they impact our strategy and how they might enhance our ability to think strategically And can I just ask as you answer that incorporate cyber into it specifically? See I know you're doing some exciting things at the academy With cyber along those lines. Sure. Let me start please Well, let me start with the academy then we have a cyber some call it a cyber center I think we need to rename it. I've asked that it's an information dominant center because it's more than cyber in the essence But I think it connotates the point What does that mean that well? We need some very basic training here the midshipman must Have embedded in them inculcated in them and understanding of what all this means including the protection simple cyber hygiene Which remains 70 of the problems we have You know somebody is fishing and you bring in you know, you get sucked in and boy, you've you've infected it So to raise point We have to get to the point where we entice people into that technological piece We have very smart people coming in the navy But as bill moran is working with we need to manage our talent Requisite to today's folks. What does that mean? We come in and we're sort of in a conga line What your group are you in and whatever money years you will make jg lieutenant and whatever It doesn't really matter how talented you are for a while And then at some point you might get deep selected. You don't have as many of those as we used to Why is that and then we'll say I'll tell you what you're so smart We're going to send you away to school. Maybe oxford and when you come back Uh, you're two years behind your your group. How'd that happen? And now it's time for you to go before a board. He didn't select. She didn't select Uh-huh, it happens and so they're saying well, why do I want to be in that unit? So we've got to work our way out of your group mentality get some flexibility into that Allow them to to blossom off and take maybe some time to go off and do other things Somewhere else in that career we call career intermission. It's a pilot now. We need it to be a program So we're we're taking the hill on and we're getting some reasonably good support We need a bill with it in there Uh, we need many more females in the navy than we have look at society. We don't represent it Where where's the intelligence out there? A lot of it is in the female population graduating from college We need to mine it bring it in and allow them to be able to feel that they can do this career Still have a family and do whatever else they need to do. So Lastly, how do you uh, how do you get to them and understand the science and technology of it stem? To to get people out there to infuse that into the 10 11 and 12 year old so that they have that kind of interest in that Uh, I leave it with last thing. I was like stunned and amazed. I met somebody the other day Guy has introduced me to his son and I said so what are you doing? And he said man, I'm in stem and I almost fell. I wanted to hug the kid that would have been too freaky on It's out there and it's starting to work and he was interested in the navy as a result of stem. So anyway Just a few thoughts here. Thanks comment on you asked a question about Institutionalizing the curriculum and in our education. I'm satisfied with that piece, but I've got a different problem Some of you probably don't know this. I mean 60 percent of the united states Marine Corps is on their first and less In 40 percent the united states Marine Corps is in the bottom three enlisted grades And so as we look at the challenges that we're that we're speaking about as we look at the requirement for cyber capabilities As we look at f 35 mechanics as we look at some of the more technical Occupational fields and as we look at the challenges frankly on our small unit leaders to be able to integrate all that Even at the sergeant squad leader level, you know as as an example We've our front line leadership has typically been Three to four year sergeants and today if you compare the challenges without taking too much time and answering the question If you compare the challenges on that front line Squad leader in charge of 13 Marines today to what it was when I first came into Marine Corps There's no comparison So one of the things that we just did actually I released a message last week Where we're moving that front line leadership from a three to four year sergeant to a five to six year sergeant So we can better integrate what I call maturity which is experience education and training And we're now remapping frankly all of our occupational fields all our enlisted fields In fact where I'm going immediately after this is down to our manpower Section to talk to all of our folks down there About this problem because we're going to do what we call mature the force and so at the end of the day I'm hesitant to give you a percentage But I will tell you that the composition of the force In the coming years will be much different than it is today and that 60 first term is that number is going to draw This number is going to be reduced in the numbers of lance corpals We have relative to the numbers of sergeants staff sergeants and gunnery sergeants that we have is going to change And part of that is because you know the The skill sets that you need and the time you need to integrate again education How to think training what to do and then experience the time that you need to integrate those three components into what I call professional maturity Is just much greater than it has been in the past and so the demographics of the force are going to change So that we can take advantage of the curriculum changes in the education pieces, which I think are much easier to do It's much easier to put that in than it is to have human capital strategies that support that Commandant from the coast guard perspective Flip the ring core the other way and the nucleus of my services in that eight to 15 year range And we're bringing in some of the the brightest talent that this nation can bring to bear from time to time I sponsor a recruit company the last one I sponsored 30 percent had bachelor's degrees 15 percent had master's degrees One had a phd as an e2 in the united states coast guard our retention rate over the last four years 93 percent So as I look at who's my competition, it's the private sector And they are cherry picking the best talent that I have and I've got tremendous talent We are now specializing in the coast guard in cyber and intelligence acquisitions As we're bringing more complex systems. We're not bringing on the head 35. I want to go on the record on that But Making do we we are we are bringing the f 35 online. I want to go on the record on that But but our ships our sensors much more complex And so our technicians that maintain those systems when they leave that platform They need to go to a short installation that's going to maintain it when it's time for them to go back to see again That's exactly where they need to go So we need to put better circuit discipline into our human resource capital plan Which includes education, which includes staying in a chosen field long enough So you really become masters of that chosen profession And the good news is we have people that have a passion for each and every one of these And I just need to make sure that I hold on to them Wonderful and I think a terrific place to close an extraordinary event with our people We all know that's really the future. Let me let me also thank the us naval institute But particularly csis for hosting this and lucky martin speaking of private public cooperation Who has helped put this event together today? Lastly before concluding with a round of applause for the service chiefs I want to just say I suspect there are a lot of people in the room today who work on this strategy a lot of O3s and o4s and o5s and Some brilliant o6s in each of the services who were like cane enable working every sentence and every line If you worked on this strategy, could you just raise your hand you worked on this strategy in some way? Thank you So I'll conclude by saying that we should feel Wonderful as a nation and as citizens to look at these three officers who lead the sea services of the united states of america. Well done gentlemen