 Coming up goes our goes for launch Shenzul 11 returns to earth Ben's got an interview with John Powell of JP Aerospace Stay tuned tomorrow begins right now Come to tomorrow Higginbotham and joining me shortly will be space Mike and Jared in studio But first I want to make sure that I give a huge welcome and thank you to our patreon Members these are the people who have given us ten dollars or more per segment or for this segment of this particular episode They of course get access to our slack channel, which is always very interesting and always very entertaining and sometimes a little bit weird But that's okay, so but I hope you guys are enjoying that because we're all enjoying that very much. So thank you Thank you. Thank you Really appreciate the support. This is it's a super super awesome warm fuzzy feelings that we get from you guys every week Yeah, so that those are those people in any case Camera switch as I am still not used to but that's okay. Like I said, I am carrying I enjoyed it of course by Jared and Mike and first off Mike We've got a couple of launches that we need to get to right off the bat If you wouldn't mind go ahead and giving me all the info on that so we can get started. Yeah Absolutely first off we have an arian 5 launch which launched for Galileo satellites. Let's check out the footage This launch took place at 1306 coordinated universal time on Thursday Which was November 17th from French Guiana and as I said it launched for Galileo satellites Which is for the European GPS systems specifically Galileo 15 16 17 and 18 headed the geosynchronous orbit and interestingly This was the 75th consecutive successful launch of the arian 5 rocket So congratulations to the arian space and the European Space Agency for the successful launch And we had another one. Yeah, there was at least you there was a Soyuz, right? Yes. Yeah, actually on the same day Thursday November 17th. This is a Soyuz FG launch which launched the next crew to the International Space Station. Let's check out the launch This launch took place at 2020 coordinated universal time And this was from the Bikini or Cosmodrome and this shot is just beautiful the illumination of the smoke there from the engines that I love This was carrying Soyuz MS-03 spacecraft for expeditions 50 and 51 and carried Oleg Novitski, Tomah Pesket and Peggy Whitson For their stay at the International Space Station, so I'm glad that launch went successfully as well I think the really fun thing about watching the two launches kind of not side-by-side But sort of back-to-back like that is you get to see the the huge differences between the different vehicles You know because there's some things that just sort of launch right up launch right off of the pad good one carry in Goodness, but there are some that just sort of that seem to go way faster than others And I always find that to be to be interesting like that it is Dear you've got some interesting stuff going on with the goes I always say it goes are and it only because it reminds me Ghostbusters. Yes, and and there is no Dana now only Zool But tell me more about it's goes are is that correct goes are okay perfect It looks like goes are though. It does look like goes there, but it's goes are yes And it's going to be the first of the newest generation of weather satellites to be launched into geostationary orbit It is absolutely massive, and we're actually only a few hours away from it launching It's going to be launching at 2242 coordinated universal time with a 60 minute launch window on an Atlas 5 In the 5-4-1 configuration so five meter payload fairing for solid rocket boosters and a single engine Centaur upper stage in other words It's a really big satellite that's being launched up there now goes stands for geostationary operational Environmental satellite basically what it does is it looks at the weather here on earth, and it does so through multiple means it does So through visible light Infrared light and in addition to that it's also going to have sensors that will look at things like lightning and also sensors that'll look at space Weather in situ while it's in orbit around this around the earth in situ so that means actually in space Okay, so study the environment in space right there. So yes, no, that's perfectly fine And this is a the first of what will be for new weather satellites over the next decade So we're all very excited about this because more data means better weather predictions Which means better forecasting which means you won't get caught without your umbrella or with the top up when it's a nice sunny day So Yeah, so really looking forward to this launch that yeah, that will be very cool Although here in Southern California. We never have weather. It seems like so whatever that is all right in any case and so somebody in the chat room was saying all right, so So use launch so we had a couple of people and we know that some people came back down from earth So how many people are in space right now and there's actually a how many people are in space right now calm And it says that there's eight, but Mike you want to tell us about the people who just left space recently Yeah, that probably hasn't been updated because two of those eight people came home Yesterday on Friday what we're talking about is the Shenzhou 11 crew who are up at the Tian Gong to space station We actually have footage of their undocking and this footage is actually a bit unprecedented because we get some angles of stuff that I have never actually seen before but at this undocking that you're seeing right now on screen actually happened on Thursday and They landed on Friday at 551 coordinated universal time in Inner Mongolia Which has really similar terrain to the steps of Kazakhstan that the Russians land in with their Soyuz capsule on board The the Shenzhou 11 though were Jinghaipeng and Chen Dong they spent 32 total days in space and The next mission to the Tian Gong to space station will be the Tianzhou one cargo spacecraft in April now What you're seeing on screen is the is the orbital module floating away from the spacecraft I've never seen that before with the Russian and in this picture right there What you're seeing floating away is the descent capsule that has the two tyco knots on board it right there And then just some more amazing footage that we have from this they were actually able to capture it Re-entering the atmosphere. That's just amazing Wow even in color that we're able to see that that's something I've never seen before even with the old Apollo stuff Now the landing itself that there wasn't a whole lot of footage of that We get this little animation of the parachute deploy, but everything was successful the the two tyco knots were Recovered and seemed to be in good condition and everything is moving moving well with that So I'm really happy about this mission They were able to do a lot more science on this mission than they previously were with the Tian Gong one I kind of relate it to almost like elementary science experiments elementary school science experiments They did on Tian Gong one So they were able to do a lot more with this mission and they did a lot of pre-planning and and Pre-setting up for future missions They hope to use Tian Gong to for hopefully quite a few more missions before moving on to their mere class space station So right now though, there's only six people in space. Gotcha. All right. Well good to know. I'm sure that'll be updated shortly I don't know who actually took care of that one But it's great because it's how many people are in space right now calm And so it's kind of easy to remember you can even pretty much Google it and it'll come right up And in the case so Jared you were talking to me about mercury. Yes, and one of my favorite planets. Yeah, actually. Yeah Yeah, I mean go over that part. Yeah, and Mercury's got this very interesting feature on it That was just recently spotted in data from the messenger mission So messenger is a definite Bacronym because it stands for Mercury surface space environment geochemistry and ranging Try to say that about 20 times as opposed to gozer if you can't yeah We're just all over the place with the references today Now they have found what appears to be a massive valley on Mercury, it's a thousand kilometers long 400 kilometers wide and three kilometers deep now something interesting about mercury's geology is that unlike here on earth Where we have multiple tectonic plates that are constantly in motion on mercury There was one tectonic plate, and it's no longer geologically active in terms of what you would see here on earth but as Mercury cooled down that single tectonic plate around it shrunk in size so that causes these really weird sort of What we could call scarps are basically areas where material falls out and exposes Like a cliff out of it and that is how we think that this massive valley Which is in the data that we can see here that reddish Area, this is how we think that that that valley ended up there And it's it's sort of similar to the structures that we call lithospheric Buckling here on earth, and that is some very interesting geology Happening out on mercury Destructor 1701 in the chat room is saying how do they miss that yet? How did we not come across this before well? We didn't come across this before because we have there were certain parts of mercury that actually hadn't been seen before The messenger mission okay because before a messenger the only mission that went to mercury was Mariner 10 And it flew by mercury a couple times and mercury has this interesting thing where for every Two orbits it goes through three days in rotation if I'm remembering correctly or it's every three orbits two days Sure, one of those But it's it's a very interesting type of slow rotation that doesn't quite match its orbit very well So because of that when it when message of a Mariner 10 flew by it was not able to image the entire planet Okay, there's only able to image parts of the planet mercury So once messenger went into orbit around mercury that Definitely allowed us to start taking Images of the entire surface which is where this was found. This was found in an area that had not been seen previously before by Mariner 10 so that's why we just now discovered this really huge feature there is because this was in the missing part of mercury Okay interesting alright Yeah, okay And Mike talking about interesting and really big things that maybe somebody has missed I don't know. I really crap at segues apparently anyway, Mike. You've got some really interesting stuff Why don't you go ahead and take it away? Well, what I'm talking about is SpaceX put out a tweet saying that they had conducted Pressurization tests on their big liquid oxygen tank that's gonna be for the interplanetary space ship the interplanetary transport system and with this they can Conducted the pressure test at sea last week and this is actually in the state of Washington In a little town called Anna Cortez and that we actually have video of the rollout of this with them rolling out the tank to The ship that they were taking this out and in their tweet SpaceX said that they hit both of their pressure targets and next up will be full cryo testing what those pressure targets are I don't know there's a lot of theorizing on the r slash SpaceX subreddit as to what that might be and a lot of theories Just showing that they just pressurized it with air instead of liquid But something that I do know is that Elon previously said that the the liquid oxygen tank is the most difficult part of the Interplanetary transport system spacecraft. So that's why they're tackling this first That's why they built this first and are conducting these tests now to try to do it So very interesting and it's cool to see these updates and and work actively being done on the interplanetary Transport ship and there it is out at sea right there the photo from that that was released in their tweets So very cool I'm very excited for more updates that SpaceX will hopefully go us It's kind of funny though Because you see these teeny tiny little people then it gets out on that whatever that bargey looking thing is and doesn't look that Big at that point. So it's like the perspective is very strange It looks like a like a five gallon water jug that I could just like yeah, like I'm thirsty from my run, right? Oh, we should have backs 3d print us one of those just to have a ball and that's what that is All right, so Pluto the planet door plan it the planet Pluto dwarf planet Pluto dwarf planet. I have to represent Ben here I'm sorry. There's something interesting about the planet Pluto. Yeah dwarf planet Pluto So we've been talking about the fact that there might be a subsurface ocean right underneath the ice on dwarf planet Pluto So we've continued to have more and more confirmation of this with the data as it comes back from New Horizons Sure, of course New Horizons flew by Pluto in July of 2015 only recently Did we finally get all of the data downlinked from New Horizons? So still looking through all of this now they look at Sputnik Planatio, which is that heart-shaped feature there Especially when you look close up to it This sort of cracking that you see in the ice plane is best explained by the uplift of a subsurface ocean Pushing up against the ice that you see right there now It's also aligned in an axes with Pluto's moon Karon and Karon allows allows that balance to happen and When they try to run it through computer simulations The only way they can get it to actually go into balance is to have a Subsurface ocean right beneath where Karon would be sitting at and Karon is right above that area right there So there's a layer of convecting volatile ices on the top so things like methane carbon monoxide and nitrogen Isis and it sits on top of a water ice rich crust Which then below that has the subsurface liquid water ocean and then a solid silica core below that so Just more evidence that there's water everywhere in our solar system and very very fun fun stuff. That is really fun stuff All right, so one last story here, and this is a nice little update I would I would like to say vector space systems has got some stuff going on Mike. What have you got? Yeah, who was on a show just a couple weeks ago. They recently received a 1.25 million dollar investment from the space angels network This is a New York based investment company that invests in the space startups And this is actually the first time that they've invested into a launch company. So that's very cool. Yeah, and with this Vector space also has about 2.25 million dollars in contracts from the small business incentives from NASA as well as from DARPA So with this they are going to be on On track to hopefully do their first launch in late 2017 to start launching small payloads Which they're looking at around 60 kilograms to lower orbit So that's very exciting news that our guest who was on just a few weeks ago has gotten this update and we'll be able to move forward I'm very excited. We're totally going to take credit for that, right? Yes Yeah, yeah, of course Every time we talk about something good things happen after that's all we do here tomorrow Which will be even better because coming up next Ben has got an interview with J.P. Aerospace mr John Powell joining us once again He's been on the show one time before but it was many years ago a lot of fun things have happened So that'll be very cool to catch up with that. So stay tuned. We'll be right back with that And welcome back to tomorrow my name is Benjamin Higginbotham now before we get into our interview I did want to give a shout out to all of the patrons of tomorrow We moved up to make this specific segment of this episode happen These are people who've contributed ten dollars or more they get access to our slack channel We've also got a tomorrow producers. These are people who've contributed five dollars or more and they're going to get access to international free Shipping on our swag store to find out how you can help crowdfund the shows of tomorrow and get all those different levels of Rewards had an over to patreon.com slash TMRO all right now we are joined once again by John Powell of J.P. Aerospace Thank you very much John for taking time out of your Saturday to join us. I know it's been a bit of a long day Oh, no problem So let's start off with who is J.P. Aerospace? What are you guys doing? Oh? Well, we're a small aerospace company We consider ourselves a private space program. We just had our 38th anniversary this year as an organization since we incorporated in California and Just got back last weekend From our hundred and eighty six flight where we flew a bunch of student payloads We had a hundred and eighty Pong sat student experiments and six of the mini-cube student experiments And we did that run up to 95,000 feet on a high altitude balloon and had a nice flight And then two weeks before that we just blew our new airship the Ascender 36 and So we've been doing a lot of flying and a lot of building and a lot of work in the shop on our we have a hypersonic wind tunnel and we've been trying to get up to Mach 4 for A year and a half now or Mach 3 8 you can't quite break that But there's a lot going on So one of the things that you're doing a little bit differently and actually we brought this up on a few shows a while ago is You're actually you're doing balloons for the most part So you're not doing giant vertical takeoff vertical landing rockets or anything else like that your first stage is a balloon. Oh Yeah, our first our second our third stage is the balloon. We are the completely crazy airship to orbit guys And we've been working on this project for Literally decades now. We're the slowest space program in history working out each technical problem each technical problem as we go To see if we can pull this off What is airship to space? How does this what is the plan? Well the simple idea or the simple way to put it is we take a lighter-than-air vehicle to 160,000 feet, you know like balloons are flying to right now and Then we slowly start to accelerate it So we take the good of 60,000 feet and then with a plasma propulsion system Slowly start to accelerate and instead of over six minutes accelerating to orbit We take up to ten days to accelerate to orbit But we started our acceleration and our orbital insertion at 400,000 feet way above the atmosphere Essentially we want to change the whole nature of space travel by taking the rocket completely out of it But as was brought up in the chat room, I believe this is brought by Vogan You can't fly a balloon to space. You know those gases are going to expand So how do you deal with it? There's a certain threshold that you just can't go over. How do you deal with that? Well actually it's dynamic climb to orbit Think of it as a flying giant flying wing the we actually you're getting no buoyancy or It's diminished buoyancy and we're neutral at around 230,000 feet and then That's when we actually begin to accelerate the vehicle slowly climb We don't even break Mach 1 tour over 300,000 feet Where you know, they were taking balloons in the 60s the project shot put balloons They're flying them at Mach 10 at three to four hundred thousand feet It's kind of our first goal is to replicate that old 60s technology and get our balloons going at Mach 10 We're not quite but almost halfway orbital velocity at three to four hundred thousand feet So the question becomes well, they could do that in the early 60s Can we push it a little faster? today if with, you know forty fifty years more advanced technology Can we go to Mach 14 instead of Mach 10? Can we go to Mach 15? How far can you take that technology and that's the question that we're trying to ask at JP aerospace? I can't tell you if we can actually go Mach 22 But I can tell you it's important enough question that somebody needs to find out and That's what we're doing. How fast have you gotten the system to go? We've been with the smaller vehicles we've been up to Mach 3.5 But that's nothing as part of our bigger system at all And that's not been driven with our primary engine. That's been driven with solids Right now our biggest airship we built was a little bigger than a 747 And we actually that was a custom build we did for the air force about 12 years ago When we built the whole series of these big B shaped airships for them Our latest series we built a 26 foot airship that we flew last year a couple of times and then We're building a 30 we finished the 36 foot the Ascender 36 and we flew that About two months ago now And that that one looks like this Got props have to have props And that was the those were the blue balloons that we showed earlier right the the giant blue I think Dada's got him coming up here. Here's one on the ground, right? You flew you saw pictures of this flying. This is what you flew just uh, you said a couple weeks ago Yeah, well that one's um about a couple months ago We just flew Literally last weekend, but one of our conventional balloons that we fly our payloads on And this one even though it's smaller than the ones we built in the past It's with all the new technology in it the internal structure the internal balloon lifting cells The command and control system is completely different On these new smaller vehicles and it's cheaper to test these On small vehicles than the really big vehicle So one of the questions from the chat room or more of a comment says, uh, this is from space cookie 84 Says that's cool So basically you're waiting until most of the atmosphere is below you before you're putting the pedal to the metal And you're not really putting the pedal to the metal. You're more kind of just very slowly Continuously you're just never letting go right you've got a very slow moving vehicle, but you never let off the accelerator Exactly So based on that Go ahead 50s or something in the late 50s early 60s were just mylar balls And they got these very thin mylar balls To go to mach 10 And they they didn't quite get all the way around the earth They didn't orbit because they're only 400,000 feet at only a mach 10, but they were getting literally circling the earth And not just ballistically um So again ours are a little sturdier And have their own propulsion rather than just be pushed by solids So one of the things space column mentions, uh, you know mach speed is uh relative to atmospheric pressure more specifically It's the speed of sound which is uh, which changes through atmospheric pressure and density So you're saying like mach 10. Is that mach 10 at sea level or at that altitude? At sea level mach 10. Okay. It's just a number to explain. Sure. What does the mach number change up there? So using just kind of an absolute will you be able to hit are you targeting like the 17,500 mile per hour range? That's kind of generally considered, you know orbital velocity. That's the number you're trying to reach But the question at this point is can you reach that number with balloons? You you know, you can push them forward is is it's just can you make 17,500 miles an hour? Yes, that's the question And one of the big parts of it that we're doing in the lab is we're doing active drag reduction Um, again, this is a lot of stuff that was in the lab in the 60s and 70s and you can search and there's Literally hundreds of IAA papers on it on electrically reducing drag by emitting plasma in front of the field breaking up the shock wave at hypersonic speeds And right now we really need to be getting to mach 4 for that testing to really be valid And we're doing a lot of our wind tunnel testing in the shop here And we just got our wind tunnel say we're at mach 3.8 um It's starting to do that kind of research because even at 300 000 feet and 400 000 feet You know, you get up close to where alan shepherd went. There's still a lot of drag up there And so we need to To reduce the drag by about 40 percent to kind of close the loop To make that work and the 60s they were getting 80 and 90 percent drag reductions on those systems But those were in the lab And we want to take those lab experiments And put it in the real world and that's a whole different kind of worms So what does it take to take those lab experiments and move them into the real world? Is it a funding issue a time issue a building issue? What what what do you need to get from a to b? Well next fall's mission We fly about five missions every year um and We're all independently funded. We're crowd funded. We do small contracts do a lot of tv commercials We did margarita in space for national margarita day for jose cuevo. We give the chair in space Oh, I remember that the chair in space. Absolutely. Yeah, uh-huh And that's actually a full-sized chair That's really cool Above the chair is the big balloon platform these carbon booms coming down with i max cameras all around You know filming all that um And even though we're just nickel and dine just barely making it. We've never missed a mission or a build a vehicle Never had a problem due to lack of funding So you mentioned crowdfunding is one of the things uh, is that an active campaign like on Kickstarter patreon something like that? Or is it just kind of oh, we have going on now We've done two successful kick starters and we're ramping up for our third. We'll probably be starting that in about four months Um, because it takes a lot to put one of those together and that's mainly to fund these our our Ponsats And we're actually the largest student payload program in the world We've flown more student payloads by an order of magnitude than all the rest of the world's space programs combined We've now flown with this last mission last weekend just over 18 000 student experiments Oh, wow from it's about 75 to 80 000 students have participated And on this last vehicle is like the one in the picture there um There was about 480 student experiments And some are real simple. You like uh, little marshmallows that puff up in vacuum or plant seeds And some of them had gps's and cameras We had one that had a gps a camera and he was taking pictures every 10 seconds and then Altitude stamping each of the pictures as he went And then it also had cubes, you know like cube sets We have a smaller version called the mini cube and this is one from eastern florida state university And it flew on the last mission. This is a double stack cube because of a cube here and a cube there And he's got a whole range of sensors and doing the experiments and we fly a lot of these the Pond sats were always free. In fact, most of the money doesn't go into the airship program. Most of the money from the tv commercial pays for flying ping pong balls But the universities pay for Flying the cubes and that also helps pay for the cubes apps And then on each of these missions Even though they have all these education payloads on There's five or six educate airship orbit experiments So anything that goes on an airship before It flies on the airship Will have flown to the edge of space it does in times on one of the balloon vehicles just testing it and doing shake down So this is a big giant crazy program with these big giant crazy ideas But literally every couple of months We're doing the flights flying the missions Crossing one more impossible thing off the list So it sounds like you're using the balloon missions and the pong sats and the The very small cube sat missions as a way to test out the technology for your airship to orbit Stuff then once you get Then once you get airship to orbit kind of working and moving faster and actually making it into orbital speeds What's kind of the game plan there? Is that a It's something that helps reduce the cost of objects to orbit. I mean, what what does the advantage of airship to orbit get me? Oh, we want to change the whole nature of space travel Right now it's like to use the shuttle as an example Except for right near the end if you have an engine out It's called they call it loc or loss of crew event There are so many things that are loss of crew event With the airship to orbit say you're right in the middle of the final orbital insertion burn Um and your engine conks out or anywhere on there. Well You go have a meeting about it It's not like you have to make everything right and save the crew in the next four seconds for everybody's dead You have a meeting about it. You talk to the people on the ground. You have a big conference call Wait a couple hours. You go work in the back tear down the engine see if you can fix it And if you can't fix it You float back down and the idea is that What if you took off in your 747 and everyone in the control tower every time it tooks off Everyone jumped up and cheered. Oh, thank god everybody made it You wouldn't want to fly on 747s But that's what happens every time we fly Astronauts to space the moment the rocket and shuts down everybody jumps up and cheers and cries because they didn't kill everybody Um We want to change that and also if a completely reusable system Right now a transatlantic travel Is five cents per ton mile By container ships and a modern container ship is an amazingly sophisticated vehicle um Not quite as sophisticated as a space shuttle, but pretty complex in its own right We want to bring not the thousand dollar a pound the mythical thousand dollar a pound from the ten thousand dollar a pound We want to bring it down to Dollars per ton mile just like cargo is How large do you need to make the airship to bring it to make that vision of reality? Oh, these are huge vehicles. You remember they're also inflatable vehicles. So size, you know, it's like we built one vehicle That was a little bigger that bigger than a 747 But only weighed six hundred and thirty pounds And that's the total vehicle and engine weight We're talking about a vehicle our primary test vehicle that we're eventually going to build is six thousand feet long It's literally over a mile long airship So it's a giant airship. You can put humans on it. You can put cargo on it once you figure out the velocity part of it Right, so you're still testing you were not quite there yet, but working towards it Uh, you you mentioned one of the factors is safety and and certainly, um chemical engines are and even solids are Scary, right? I mean it's a controlled explosion, which you don't really have But you are on a giant balloon and that balloon can And this is a bit of a harsh term, but it could pop I mean it could you could lose the structure of the balloon. Could you not would that not be a Actually, no No, the it's like our current airships. It looks like it's one big vehicle If you did a cutaway, it's actually a series of smaller balloons all up and down those arms And we can lose up to three balloons in flight and not even abort the mission We lose the fourth balloon in flight and then we do have to not catastrophically fall but abort the mission and fall and fly down and land So you have a point where even if you start losing structure You can go okay. Well, we've lost too much structure We abort at this point and you just you come back and that's that's that yeah Assuming you don't continue to lose structure on your way back down Oh, yeah, well if the whole thing breaks up if it falls apart and explodes Then everybody gets out But so many things would have to happen for that Like on the the big one that we built for the air force the 175 foot on the top was six 14 inch diameter vents preventing helium At 100,000 feet those vents have to be open for about 45 minutes All six of them before you can detect descent Oh, wow So say you had a meteor hit you and left a big hole Well, the real trick isn't that you're calling falling to your doom. The real trick is detecting that that event has happened Because the pressures are near vacuum The flow rate across there is so low If you have a meteor storm you have six of them. Well, you know in 45 minutes, you're going to be starting down Um And what you do at the time you detect that you pump the remaining helium from those cells into the adjacent cells And you definitely abort the mission if you have a whole bunch of holes from meteors and you It's an interesting concept, right? Because you don't have the chemical engine reaction So you don't have you don't you're not worried about that. It sounds like you have some redundancy in structure I mean nothing's foolproof, but you've got a good job. We're done done the scene structure um So then it's just a matter of uh, and how are you re-entering right because one of the one of the problems Is you're going 17 500 miles an hour you're going to slam into atmosphere and you're going to want to burn up Do you just We do our deceleration up high instead of down low um Re-entry temperature is really based on wing loading or surface area to mass surface area to mass determines You know your temperature load your heat load um The 6000 foot vehicle The max re-entry temperature is right around 71 degrees So in fact the drag even on orbit the drag is so high you have to keep the engines on You're truly not in a free orbit. You um literally you're flying up there You get to orbit you have to release your payload or deploy the payload And then to re-entry you're not doing your re-entry burn You're literally throttling down And the drag pulls you back down So let's go back to some questions from the chat room. Uh, one of them comes from uh, sain alex Which asks about those engines. Uh, are they going to be solar powered plasma or basically what what's your fuel for that? They're actually hybrid engines They're not in the Only partially in the sense of the the chemical engine liquid oxygen In a solid fuel they're hybrid in the sense of half plasma engine half chemical engine and In a sense you have in a chemical engine The combustion chamber is Where the fire is where the plasma is We're actually using that plasma from a chemical reaction to accelerate and then accelerating that magnetically like a traditional plasma engine So it's half chemical engine half plasma engine people haven't looked at this kind of engine before because You could think of it as the world's worst ion engine You know traditional ion engine. They have a thing called isp, which is kind of a function of performance You know, they're getting 60 70 000 isp just amazing on these quad staged ion engines But they can barely lift a piece of paper up off the ground. So they're basically for orbital things And then you have your chemical engines that have isps in the 350 range or the shuttle, which was the best ever in the 400 range But they burn all their fuel in moments and you can't really throttle them down Well, you can but you throttle them down and your isp tanks you can't really run a shuttle engine You just barely on slow So if this engine is it's a small chemical engine and then the chemical engine Creates the ions or the plasma and an ion engine that's actually quite a bit of the power electrical power requirement Is in that creation of the ions we actually do away with that power requirement By using the chemical engine to do that and then On the backside it's what's referred to as either a mixed ion gas or non-mixed equilibrium ion gas or dirty ion engine Then as a plasma engine to accelerate that plasma reason it's a terrible engine it's either The world's worst chemical engine because it can't even lift itself off the ground Or it's the world's worst ion engine because instead of 60,000 isp. It only has a thousand isp You'd only need this if say you were had a steamship going across the Atlantic immediate engine that would chuck along for nine days And give you a reasonable amount of thrust Well, that's what we have we have the airship lifting That until we get really high and start dynamically climbing So the it's an engine that has no use on the planet except for our purposes And we actually have a pretty vigorous engine program And we've done about 119 firing so far just all very small scale And we've done four flights. We're actually our And by our test stand for our engines are at 100,000 feet because we do fire them off at on platforms From our high racks. We have ponsets below rocket engines firing off the top and That's actually coming along really well and we're starting to scale up our engines and we've Now cannot fire the engines in our parking lot anymore Because the last one set off some car alarms a few blocks away made lots of noise And we just recently now have our own facility up in northern Nevada. The last couple of launches we did was from called the area area 42 So the 42 acres or the jp aerospace advanced research facility Which is a fancy way of saying Big plot of land with a cargo container on it And that's where the the next round probably in january of the engine firing test will be taking place So dumb question on your chemical rockets, you know What one of the disadvantages of a traditional rocket is it's the chemical reaction is a controlled explosion It's a very large very powerful controlled explosion. And if you lose even a little bit of that control, it's a very bad day Uh, but if you're using chemical rockets on your vehicle, how is that any different? Oh one thing it's a lot smaller And we're burning at a much lower rate than you would It's more akin to a jet engine firing than it is to a rocket engine firing But that risk is there. You know, it doesn't completely vanish And then so you're you're using these engines The other disadvantage of a chemical engine is you're going to expend your fuel at some point Uh, you're 10 days to orbit. So are you bringing like huge vats of fuel or do you only need a little bit? Like how does your fuel work for a 10 10 plus? Actually The chemical part of the engine is also a hybrid where the fuel is a solid and the oxidizers are liquid So it's really cartridge based And these engines are long the engine is about 300 feet long. It's more akin to a linear accelerator That you keep a flame going inside than a rocket engine And then it's also cartridge based And so right now the rocket you have to literally open up the engine and replace all the cartridges between flights You mentioned your oxidizer. What what are you using for your oxidizer? Is it liquid oxygen something else? Well for what we're doing right now, we're doing nitrous and acrylic and we're moving to nitrous in the spring And a paraffin You know enhanced paraffin You know paraffin with magnesium particles in it We don't see that being combination As being the final one. There's a lot of candidates for it But I say we're still You know right hip deep in the development process I'm thinking it's probably going to be a locks paraffin and magnesium combination, but that's We won't really know for a couple more years This question come from green jim 2 which is uh, you know, we talked about this 10 days to orbit Traditional rockets have launch windows windows measured in seconds or Minutes because they're trying to you know make this particular orbit and you have to pass by it at a certain time What does a 10 day orbit launch have as a launch window? Is it the same kind of you need to get moving or? Huge adjustable launch window because you can accelerate decelerate We want to be in kind of the middle window. So if we need to drop down to 12 day insertion We can make that change in flight or accelerate up to an eight day exertion exertion insertion if we need to So we don't have those real tight narrow narrow windows like a traditional rocket would And how far does this scale we're about to see the goes our launch and you know an hour from now or so Would you be able to take that satellite eventually up to its intended orbit? The there's the eventual vehicle our eventual dream vehicle is the 6000 foot vehicle Now our initial vehicle demonstrator for Um, actually reaching orbit is only 1800 feet. You know baby 1800 foot long vehicle Um, and that would only carry a couple hundred pounds to orbit Our eventual goal is the 6000 foot vehicle that will kind of scaling everything around is the 60 000 uh pounds to orbit to leo Uh, destruction 17 space stations intact to orbit Uh destruction 1701 asks at the end of the day for your 6000 foot vehicle fully laden How long would it take to get for example? To the international space station type orbit because assuming you could go theoretically assuming you don't have power you could go anywhere you want Well, ideally this vehicle will just take payload to leo to minimum leo orbits and uh, otv You know orbital transfer vehicle Um is really the ideal vehicle for taking it up to the station You wouldn't want to drag this big airship and all that infrastructure Up from leo to a station altitude So we're not really Really shooting for that. We're just kind of giant bulk cargo to leo But you could take bulk cargo that then from leo Launches itself up to the international space space. That's exactly it. That's exactly it So would someone else develop those vehicles? You're basically saying hey, look We've got this big huge thing and then you go to say seara navada for example and say Hey, we'll get you really high up and going at really good velocity If you can make it the rest of the way there Oh, exactly. We'd love to develop that top half vehicle But doing that on top of doing all of this Um, I think it'd be a bit too much It's almost like what if we don't pull this off? Worst say we only get back to what they did in 1962 and we got to mach 10 at 400 000 feet That makes an awesome air launch vehicle To fire a rocket on top of what if we do a little better and we get to mach 15 at 500 000 feet Um Suddenly a falcon one fired from there is like a falcon heavy And that's if we don't make it that's our the other thing we can look at is once you're at those speeds and those payloads You could use it simply as a refueling architecture for traditional rockets So we want to go to mars for example, you know, it's we need to bring fuel depots up to space What is a cheap easy way to just bring giant fuel tanks up there where we can refuel? This might be an interesting way to do that It gets you a good chunk of the way there and then maybe a couple solids on the sides Brings that the rest of the way to where it needs to be. Yeah Because you know air launch is getting more and more popular Where it's kind of it comes and goes, you know at virgin galactic and Um I don't know why I don't remember their name right now with a giant double 747 Strattle launch straddle launch. Yes And they're talking about Flying from about mach 0.8 From 50 000 feet for their air launch They're great people, but that's wimpy air launch Air launch should be 500 000 feet at mach 17. That's air launch Uh destruction 1701 also asks what sort of materials challenges do the 1800 and 6000 square uh, Foot vehicles present in terms of stresses The stress the conventional stresses That should look in spacecraft design are well handled with those materials There's actually some exotic stresses that that are the real challenges Um because this is a flexible membrane surface You get this phenomenon called hypersonic flutter And usually in hyper like x15 and hypersonic craft you have flutter issues on on the rudder and on the horizontal stabilizers We actually have the problem of hypersonic flutter on the cross the surface of the vehicle and That's one of the really extreme design challenges that we're trying to model Um In our hypersonic wind tunnel to start to get a handle on because if you don't have a handle on it There's no known material And you can make it thing out of concrete and case and steel and case and titanium, but if you have hypersonic flutter It's not enough So it's really you can't handle it. You can't solve it through a materials solution Unfortunately, you have to solve it through a management of the load issues I mean the solution has to lie there All right, just a couple more questions. This one comes from citizen 12 708 Which is uh, why don't you put these firings on youtube? The rocket engine firings. I think he was referring to I have about 20 of them up there We do They want more they want more they want them all live everyone wants everything I'm still I haven't got the videos from the last airship up there yet. I have to get these When we ever we do the pomsaps All the kids get a documentary of their mission so they can see their ping pong balls and so we're in Keep in making that But I think I have like a dozen firings on youtube Again, these are all very small. They're not very big. These are little agents Um, and we've just scaled them up To be too scary to be standing next to when they fire, which is why we have to move out to the desert to do them So those videos will be more fun Because more more fire more flame Hopefully controlled. Hopefully controlled the whole time Jimber asks what's speeding those launches? What's the cost per small sat launch for? Yeah, let's say let's say citizen wants to bring up a pong sat or so Yeah, one of the small cube sats or something like that sats are completely free We don't charge anything and we do thousands every year These guys This is our double cube. There is two you can buy them in pairs And then when you buy them in pairs are a little cheaper But they're three hundred and forty dollars And you get the cube and the flight for the three hundred and forty dollars Now we also just that can be announced it today. We've never had this before Our new cube is called the arduino cube And it's elongated so you can put an arduino board in there And the arduino board our arduino cubes are going to be four hundred and forty dollars And that includes the cube and the flight of the cube And we just flew our arduino cube on this last mission Last question before we go into the we've got a little rapid fire thing We're going to do and this comes from space And this is during the last interview, which I think was about six years ago or so You mentioned a high altitude propeller design. Are you still working with propellers at all? We did that we pulled it off. We made the world's only tested high altitude propeller then Afterwards the helios people did that Ours performs a little bit better, but they spent over a billion on it and we spent about six thousand on it And that's part of what we did before the air force and those drive all our we've set the world altitude record for airships Only two years ago Four years ago time flies With our tandem airship and those are six meter to six foot blades And we flew it to 95 000 feet flew it around And those propellers are we're on that vehicle and they're on our airships that we're flying now I'm just going to mirror something that the structure 1701 said, which is you're awesome I love how far outside of the box you're thinking And uh, it's really cool to see new innovative ways Uh, the fact that you're you're I would say normally we say bending metal, but you're not really bending metal You're more like stitching balloons. I don't know what phrase to use there, but I think a lot of things together There you go You're making hardware you're actually flying things and uh, you know a lot of the traditional aerospace people might go Well, that's not space. Well, it's not space yet, right? So once you get those velocities up. Yeah Yeah, the really thing is it used to be space when the x-15 program was going on There's huge titanic arguments that would get really heated between scientists where their space began at 70 000 feet or 100 000 feet By the time the end of the x-15 program The 100 000 foot guys want absolutely and they finally got support of the pilots when they started flying above them But then it got declared when they got in that fight with nasa and the air force and it began at 50 miles So the x-15 guys didn't count That's more of a political thing than a science thing But officially it's near space Doesn't matter you're you're working on stuff you're working on stuff to go faster and faster And you continue to iterate on the design and it's very cool. They're actually building things and making stuff happen And I'm I'm excited to see uh, what comes of that we were all excited with the uh, uh, balloon Castle balloon castles. I think is what we it was referred to and we thought it was just really cool all right These are a few questions that we ask all of our guests now in you can have really short answers This is just uh, there are no right or wrong answers. All right. So the first question is moon or maris first Venus All right. Oh, good answer. Uh liquid or solid propellant Uh hybrid chemical electric propellant What should the name of the first vehicle go into mars be? Anything but calling it mars Or one of the variations are like aries or Sure, just something besides calling the mars mission mars When do you think humans will first land on mars? Oh, I'd say We're a solid 20 out 20 I think we're going back to the moon first Interesting so that would be my bet if I had to put a dollar down. I would love it to happen sooner But I think we're 20 years out I think we're gonna get close and then we're gonna zoom over to the moon That ties to my next question quite well. When do you think humans will set foot on the moon again? Oh, I said within 10 years Interesting maybe within eight years and why space? Because I want to go All right, great answers. Uh, john, where can people uh people find more information about you and jp aerospace if we want to keep up I Try to post pictures on our facebook site every day Um, I get to the our blog and you search for us jp aerospace on facebook We also have a twitter account that we post about every other day The blog we post at jp aerospace dot com right across the top click on the blog. I get to that about once a week Absolutely awesome. All right, john. Thank you so much for taking time out of your saturday We really appreciate you coming back on the show. What you're doing is really really cool Hopefully the space angels network was watching this show too. All right. We're gonna take a quick break And when we come back comments from the last week show stay tuned. We'll be right back We've always looked to the stars They guide us Give us comfort Help us find our way We see ourselves out there when we look up It inspires us And we long for something we don't yet know We yearn to go there So We venture forth We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other thing Not because they are easy, but because they are hard Because that goes It will serve to organize the vision of this At Gaudi Bay here The eagle has landed That's one small step for man One small step for man The exploration of space will go ahead Whether we join in it or not Many think we stopped exploring But we know Our journey didn't end We've only just begun Ryan is functioning perfectly in this Come with us and explore tomorrow And welcome back everyone glad to have you still watching now before we head off to the comments We first want to thank all of our patrons of tomorrow. These of course are our tomorrow premiere members Who give us ten dollars or more? We've also got our tomorrow producers who give us five dollars or more But wait, we've also got our tomorrow plus subscribers these folks Give us two dollars and fifty cents or more and they get early access to after dark and the actual live show itself And then of course, we cannot forget our tomorrow patreon patrons themselves They give us up to two dollars and forty nine cents and they get their name in the show and access to google hangouts And if you would like to be a patron of tomorrow head on over to patreon.com Slash t m r o I think you guys are going to love what we're doing in orbit 10 and that's all thanks to patreon So it was a game changer for this show and I realized sometimes in our comments people are like, oh, they something something Pray through around too much and I don't feel like throwing the slates up on the screen for 60 seconds is too much It's not even especially if you're somewhere in the middle It's like Other than our own ads that we put in the middle of the launch calendar and the The little promo video which I'll try to make a shorter version for orbit 10 We only put those in there because we need a a point to Like a Change point in the show other than that there are no ads in the show. You don't see pop-ups You shouldn't see pop-ups You shouldn't see other rolled ads the only thing that supports this show are the patrons and so you know that that's it That's it. And so thank you guys for making that happen And if you don't like the patronage stuff then you guys are a huge support Yes And actually if you don't like it or if you can't do it the other way to support the show that really does help Subscribe on youtube and tell people about it right because the more people that watch the show the higher our numbers Uh, the more clout we have with organizations like google and youtube and whatnot to help, you know Show up higher in the ranking. So simply clicking subscribe helps a great deal. Yeah sharing it with all of your friends All right, let's get started with some comments from our last week's show capcom Take us away. So no, no, no. I'm calling you janet from now on. Are you janet? No, goodness. No. No capcom is fine. Did we explain janet? We'll explain janet after that Anyway, uh, so last week's uh show was talking about vector aerospace. So that's wait was that was vector last week or did we have? Oh, no, you're right Yeah, we had uh trump space which was right. I didn't update the rundown. Yeah, I did not update the rundown And like ron burgundy. I just read whatever was in front of me. I'm ron burgundy So there's that. Uh, thank you. Dada is currently changing it in their chat room or in the rundown Yep, trump space. There you go. Now. I can read it correctly. Jeff Faust. We had Jeff Faust on Thank you. Yes goodness, so the first comment comes off of youtube this one comes from jazz throw out it says, uh carry on asking questions helped animate and explain the news segment But on the other hand, it is a bit cringe worthy even for me as a man To see a woman on the team acting dumb and having the guys mansplain everything to her Uh, I don't think that's fair So it's not fair and it's not fair for a couple of reasons like I if I may sure just a moment uh The the very very very short story of how this ever even remotely came to be is we previously had a different podcast We wanted to continue to do a podcast. Uh, we wanted to do it in a slightly different way Have a different uh topic as if as as it were ben suggested space I said that was the dumbest thing i've ever heard of he said well as soon as we have nothing else to talk about with space We'll stop doing the podcast. I said great Here we are. We're about to enter into year number 10. Uh, so I very much so knew nothing I I I knew there was space. I knew there were people in space. It was up and and and Sincerely, that's about it. Uh, I I was born in 77. I missed the Apollo program I did see some of the space shuttle program and I I distinctly remember sitting down in my classroom And watching challenger Not exist anymore. Um, and that's about it. I I wasn't interested. I didn't care and but ben was and uh He kind of said all right. Well, I know some things and you don't know some things And and we kind of went in it into it with this whole idea of Ben knows some things and I don't and so I get to be the outsider and I get to ask questions and say, okay Well, but why do I care about that? And it's kind of continued along that way. I've learned a lot. Don't get me wrong. I'm actually a very big fan now I I really get connected to human space flight because there's another there's another human there that I can I can interact with but I don't think you're asking questions that are like I already know the answer to this Right. You're not you're not playing dumb on the show, right? I want to be very clear about that I'm not really playing dumb. There's a lot about planetary science I really don't understand and there's a quite a bit about rockets and that I don't even I can't tell the difference between them I I'm sorry. I I just I I don't know all the same carry in right, but Right, exactly. They look alike. Don't start, uh But I I feel as though in any industry there's a lot of that kind of thing You know people ask me all the time. What's the difference between a latte and a cappuccino? I mean, well, they are basically the same, but they're a little bit different and I have I don't feel as though it's a dumb question And I take joy in being able to educate and explain that to somebody who doesn't understand and get them to a point Where they do understand so we can all be speaking the same language and we can all Understand and learn together and that's what the concept of the show has always been from the very beginning And yes, it just happens to me that I'm the female here But you know, you can look at lisa on her space pods. She blows me away She's smarter than the rest of us honestly and she's funny too. Uh, you know, I I learned a lot from everybody on the show and My role here has always been to be the person to kind of poke at things a little bit and say But I don't under why do I care about a weirdly shaped meteorite on mars I You know, I kind of felt stupid asking the question But I well confident enough to ask the question so that I could get an answer Does that help? Yeah, and jazz is in the chat room says, you know, I didn't entirely mean that seriously guys either But I think it's a valid thing to bring up because jazz you weren't the only one that said something Right. Yeah, so, um, I think it's important to understand that We're not mansplaining things to carry on and that Good engineers ask those questions and if you just sit and pretend like you know everything That's what makes a bad engineer and so male or female. It doesn't matter Asking questions about things you don't understand it will help explain it And I'm of the opinion that while we have a great deal of rocket scientists on the show who understand everything that you say I'll be frank. I don't understand everything you say or everything that you say I don't understand everything you say We have a lot of people who do understand everything We have a more people in my opinion have more people who didn't understand something or with a little bit of different context We'll understand it a little bit better And I think that is the role as you so eloquently put it that you bring to the show And I don't want to change that and we've been playing with news to try to make it fit And I think we're we're really starting to hit something that works And I really like it, but I want to make sure that the community understands Um, it's not us shoehorning you into that And I don't know how to make it not look that way yet Right and I Will freely admit a couple people have been complimenting me on my new role in the new segment and I appreciate that I am still learning my way. I'm still becoming comfortable with who I am on camera Uh, particularly when I'm not just Uh, telling ben that he's wrong If you will yes And and that's where I am and so hopefully you guys are a little patient with me and I'm a little patient with me quite frankly and You know We're going to go through these growing pains together, but it's going to be okay citizen big number does bring up a point Which is mansplaining this condescending and I'm not getting that vibe and hopefully not because we're not we're not meaning Anything condescending we all all of us you guys included uh Love and adore space and think that humans future is in space and we want to share that excitement And the best way to share that excitement is through education and people who ask questions and say I don't understand We will take the time and not mock you and help you understand what you don't understand To us it might be a simple question, but if you don't get it We're more than happy and excited to help you learn And uh, I think that's why the show is here. I think it's fun and exciting and engaging That's why we have a live chat room so you can ask your questions in real time That's what we're about and so hopefully that comes across and jazz. I didn't mean to throw you under the bus that way I'm sorry That also wasn't the intention. I wasn't the intent to throw jazz under the it was a pretty concise way of wording What other people also said it was it was a very concise comment Brit pulling it all together and I wanted to make sure that everyone understood my thought process on it Certainly your thought process on it because it's more important what you think about that And then kind of why the show is like that so And if we find a better way to do it, we'll do it in a better way All right, cool as we're figuring this out as long as we're all respectful to each other There's no problem and just like you said we haven't been condescending towards each other. That's the important part I think uh, actually that's what I love about the community of tomorrow is We do follow rule number three to the t Almost always which is debate the idea not the person which means we are respectful to the other people We may completely and totally do disagree with their assessment But we always respect the person because frankly we could be wrong too and and as part of it is is In some of these really out there theoretical things. We just don't know Uh, you know jp aerospace is one of those where it's it's easy to look at that and be condescending But if you actually just stop for a moment take a look at it you go Actually Actually, this is one of the more brilliant things I've ever heard and you don't want to necessarily be on the wrong side of that So that's why we always want to anyhow. I got I I just derailed us. All right next next up capcom next up capcom Next comment also comes off of youtube. This one comes from marnix jansen. Hi marnix. Hey marnix a really great name actually Uh, I'm now 15 minutes in and bored out of my skull. It's probably my fault Uh, maybe because I'm not an american but mostly because you're making me eat my veggies first Please put the news first and the comments last of the dry boring stuff as sandwich between the fun and short bits That hurts me it hurts me basically what marnix is saying is that you guys are interesting My interview segments are boring and then this is interesting again That's if I were to sum up that comment. I'm boring. You guys are interesting. Why are you still talking? Wait, wait This is rule number five. Ben is always right. Yeah, it's dada saying rule Oh, wait, wait, did you do that on the your new feature where you talk to everyone? Everyone can hear dada Dada say hi dada. Hi dada So one of the downsides of having audio glitches before the show which we'll explain in after dark Is that when we fixed it all we also we just I just fixed it all all at once. All right, um, so We did that as a I realized we've been playing with the show a lot recently yet last week's show was different in that um The news of the trump administration of what's happening to nasa Was bigger than any of the individual news segment inside of that Show and so we moved that to the front because it was the bigger more important thing Yes, and that will happen from time to time when we have guests on that have relevant topics that are hyper Sensitive at that moment in time, but very rarely. I think is what's going to happen there I agree the proper show format format is news. There's something fun about news and getting you started then the interview and then the Then the comments section that's why we normally do it that way That's why we normally do it that way and then also we've been pulling the interview segment out and posting it as its own thing So if you don't want the news or the comments and you're just interested in say jp aerospace and you know balloons to orbit Or airships to orbit. Excuse me. You can watch just that That's the plan moving forward. We're not going to be changing that plan We'll be tweaking kind of how each one of them interacts with the other thing But that's remains as is and hopefully you don't actually think the interview segments are boring. You hurt me Marnex, you hurt me If I may don't say they're boring. Don't say they're boring If I may I took this question from uh, or this comment from marnex jansen Not to say that he thought the interview segment was boring But that that particular topic since he's not an american was boring to him that he can care less about the election That's what I got out of that and I understand that but keep in mind Approximately, I forgot what the latest number is but it's going to say somewhere around 50% It's like 49% of private Um non-military space 49% of that budget is in nasa worldwide So if you take the rest of the rest of the world's non-military budget and combine it you Basically equal just nasa and so what happens to nasa is important to the rest of the world to all of humanity Now that may change. I would love to see isa match nasa's budget Yeah, wouldn't that be awesome and if isa did that I guarantee you I guarantee you The first segment of that show is going to be someone Able to talk about what's happening with isa and how they're matching or exceeding nasa's budget because that's a big deal And so when you mess with something of that size, we're going to bring it on We're going to do it first and and you know it impacts Everything it impacts commercial crew it impacts the cargo to the station Which impacts the abilities for these companies to do some of their r&d stuff it touches everything So yeah, it's it's a little people get sick of politics But if you're really passionate about space you have to pay attention to this stuff too You have directly impacts what we're what we are passionate about. Yeah, and what we work in too Yes, absolutely a very important thing You got to remember a lot of space flight even though commercial space flight is coming up There's still a lot of stuff that's federally or governmentally funded So it's still a major factor of Of just straight up employment for some of us on the show good chunk of us. Yeah. All right next up capcom Next up it comes off of youtube as well. This is from joseph habdeck habdink hab dunk Habdink habdink one of those has got to be close. Okay, uh I think it is possible that trump could try to increase funding for space exploration I think sending humans to the moon or mars could be a grand goal that would be in line with making america great again Plus space programs can easily become jobs programs and it seems he will be leaning towards increasing spending I'm cautiously optimistic at this point one could make the argument that the greatest america was the one that went to the moon Right that is one of the greatest accomplishments humans have ever ever had good accomplishment I don't know if a lot of things that were happening around that time. Maybe socially we're like, okay, so socially It was a horrible time socially not the best time ever So, yeah, that's so what we want is logically we want the technological part of it back Yes, without all the social stuff, but it seems like we're getting them both whether we want to feel like we're regressing socially anyways Yeah, we're getting a double dose Something I've noticed too is you know, he keeps saying let's make a great america great again, but no one's asked him What does that mean? What does it mean? What when was america great to you? What does that even mean to you mr. Trump? Yeah, that's a real like that explained That's a real personal kind of question that ends up showing off a lot of Of scruples and things from the person you ask it to so but it could potentially mean Good things just it's too early. We just don't know but Yeah, I was thinking about you know the best One of the best moments in history Yeah, was us landing on the moon was us humanity landing on the moon And if we want to look at you know past things that were great that was a great thing You're right though the the social construct around it was terrible. Yeah, it was awful And we definitely don't want that part back. Yeah, we would rather not rather just not Exactly. All right. Uh last, uh, let's see here. Um, we have two or three more. No, we're gonna last comment Oh, you want me to do this one as the last comment. Yeah, next one is the last comment. Yeah, steward steward Perfect last comment comes off of youtube as well from a steward young Mr. Stewart Yay, I lean Collins for nasa administrator and let's bring back the national space council Only let's name it the national council of air Astronautics after the books or movies 2001 and 2010 and the international lunar Station materializes it can be coordinated by the international lunar commission borrowing that name, of course from the authority moon base alpha from the 1970s Sci-Fi show space 1999. Okay. I just really geeked out there for a moment. Just excuse me It would be fun to sci-fi. You know, it is amazing how much sci-fi influences um sci-fi Science science fiction Science fact. Yeah, influences. Well, I mean even looking at like phones and communication and They're trying to build tricorders and you know this comment basically saying hey, you know starfleet academy. What starfleet academy I I am Moderately convinced that most of these space agencies around are using the logo from star trek as their logo I mean space command is using the starfleet logo right now It would be kind of cool to build the actual starfleet where Star Trek says it goes in san francisco. Yeah, I mean it would make sense because the silicon valley being the grounds are beautiful up there So I just you can go and there's like a plaque. It's like future home there up Maybe we which is awesome. Maybe we need to start a Kickstarter To actually create starfleet in its actual home in san francisco. I I want to know what you guys think What should our goal be? I don't know how much I like. I don't know like five billion dollars Well, no, how many gold plus latin them? Gold I may have slurred some of those words together, but that's what I meant How many bars of gold press latin them? Yeah, exactly. All right. We're not at that point yet though Well, maybe we should be jared. Maybe we should be All right That's our show. We've got a couple comments left. We're going to take care of those and after dark I like to thank everyone so much for watching. Uh next week is the american holiday Thanksgiving and uh, we've got family over You guys are out. You guys are out. So no show. We just were like, ah, we're not gonna eating and off-roading Eating and off-roading.com. Yeah, that's my that's my brand So jared at eating and off-roading.com Fantastic jared. Thank you. All right. Uh, so we're off the air next week. Then we're back on for is it two or three weeks? I don't remember. We're back on for a couple of December and then at the end of december We'll be off for a couple of weeks as we transition over to orbit 10 So I'd like to thank everyone so much for watching and we'll see you in two weeks