 Nanomaterials have been used extensively in the development of biosensors due to their unique properties such as increased surface area, enhanced electrical conductivity, and improved biocompatibility. These materials can be used to increase the sensitivity of biosensors as they allow for more efficient loading of biorecognition molecules onto the sensor surface. Additionally, nanomaterials can also improve the electrochemical properties of the transducers resulting in faster analysis times and lower costs. Furthermore, nanomaterials are able to enhance the detection capabilities of biosensors and low concentration analytes, making them ideal for clinical applications. Finally, nanomaterials can also improve the performance of other biosensor components, such as the electrodes, membranes, and substrates. This article was authored by Nina J. Ronkanen and Stanley L. O'Cohn.