 The Islamic State's onslaught over more than two years has shredded Iraq's social fabric. The potential for a new cycle of violence is frighteningly high in liberated areas. Either to exact revenge for atrocities that were committed under ISIS or because of long-standing grievances. When ISIS took over some areas in Iraq, they played some tribes against the others. A critical element for rebuilding these communities is reconciliation. To help Iraqis men shatter ties among and within their communities, tribes, sex and religions. That will prevent these areas from falling back into violence and it can establish conditions that would ease the return of more than 3.5 million Iraqis who fled their homes. Reconciliation is less of an outcome but more of a process, specifically a process in which drivers of conflict and tension among and between communities are addressed in a way that transforms the relationship in a positive way. A proven approach for achieving reconciliation involves facilitated dialogue. It's a methodical process of analyzing local conditions, rebuilding mutual understanding and helping negotiate terms for communities to resolve conflicts without violence. The work of dialogue that was created by the Iraqi National Association created trust between the victims. For those who have been killed, for those who have been displaced, what does justice look like? There is no universal answer, it really varies what the different communities accept. Today, the Iraqi government and an international military coalition are preparing for an operation to recapture Mosul, the second largest city in Iraq. Since Daesh's reign, it has been a period of two or three years. There is no need for efforts or steps. The last step that we are taking is to fulfill the right to Daesh. Iraqi non-governmental leaders can do much of this work. But they need support from the international community, funding political and technical support and strategic post-conflict stabilization. The reality is the scope of the problem is well beyond the capacity of one single actor, one single government or one single community and it requires collective action. Iraq's diverse communities can and must learn to live together. Local reconciliation in the most turbulent areas can connect ultimately into a national reconciliation process that will be essential to lasting peace.