 What's up guys Evil D here and today I want to speak to you about a particular grammar topic that I get asked about quite a bit now not just in this channel but just in real life when teaching Esperanto but also something I've seen new learners discuss and they kind of use this hard and fast rule which gets you about 90% of the way but then the last 10% it just messes with you and you basically have to go back and learn things again anyway. So what I'm going to talk about in this lesson is transitivity of verbs and also the affixes eggy and eggy. Okay now before I jump into those let's just start with transitivity for those who don't know okay so a transitive verb is a verb that affects something else so let's look at um let's look at a verb that can be both okay so you can see it kind of working in context so you've got um to boil okay so you can boil water you can boil tea you can boil the flesh of your enemies no but you can boil things okay so you can boil something else so when you boil something you're boiling the object of the verb okay so to boil water means that the water is the object it's being boiled okay but now let's look at it as an intransitive okay so you could say the water is boiling you can say the tea is boiling the flesh of your enemies is boiling you know what I mean so in this case it's intransitive it means that the subject is the thing that's boiling so let's just quickly jump over that again transitive means to boil something intransitive means something is boiling okay so subject is if the subject is boiling intransitive if the object is boiling transitive now if that confused you go look it up a little bit because you probably need to know this in esparano anyway and then come back to just pause the video just hit that pause button hit it good okay so now we're going to jump into the lesson okay so in esparano when people learn about transitivity they go okay so every verb's either transitive or intransitive although that's almost completely correct it's not a hundred percent true okay so in 99% of not 99 that's probably overboard 91.25 I don't know where I got that number from 90% of the time verbs are either transitive or they're intransitive but in esparano they can change they can be sometimes transitive sometimes intransitive so that's why this rule although helpful in 90% of cases doesn't always apply for instance the verb to dance in esparano dancy is almost in every use intransitive so someone dances I dare she dances the dog dances the cat dances I don't know things dance okay so it's intransitive in nearly every case however you can perform a dance so you could say dancy latangon so to dance the tango okay so in that case it's actually transitive so dancy is neither just transitive or just intransitive it's a majority of the time transitive but sometimes it's intransitive so this is why that rule of learning whether a verb is transitive or intransitive is good 90% of the time however that 10% of the time is going to mess with you so it's actually better yes learning transitive activity is good but it's actually better just to learn the core meaning of the verb okay because if you know the core meaning you learn how it's actually used then you don't have to worry about is it transitive or is it intransitive and then you don't also mix it up so much with English which is something I'm still guilty of every now and then because in English the verb transitivity sometimes is the same as Esperanto but sometimes it's different okay so you have to be prepared for that now let's look at some examples with those affixes I spoke about earlier so first up Iggy means to make or to cause Iggy means to become now most people will say Iggy makes a verb transitive and Iggy makes a verb intransitive and although that is correct it doesn't always mean what you think it means okay now the best way to see this is again in context so let's go with the whole boil thing as we did before so bolly means to be boiling there you go straight away it's different to how um English works in English to boil can be either transitive or intransitive depending on where it sits in the sentence and Esperanto bolly is always intransitive it's always to be boiling okay now if you want to make something boil or to cause something to boil you've got to use the um affix the affix Iggy okay so bollyggy means to cause to boil or to make boiling so to cause something to boil okay so bolly means to be boiling and bollyggy means to make boiling okay so to make whatever the water boiling to make the tea boiling to make the flesh of your enemies boiling oh god I'm getting way too crazy with that one so let's look at another example so you've got Iggy which means to go now it's pretty much the same as English it's intransitive in nearly every case okay but if you wanted to make something go or to make someone go okay you'd say Iggy you use the Iggy to make so Iggy means to make go so to make your friend go to make the um the car go somewhere you don't mean it means to make that verb start to happen okay to go um let's look at another one so daughter meat is always intransitive it means to be sleeping okay so let's say if you're looking at a baby and you want to make the baby go to sleep you'd say daughter meegi la bebon to make the baby go to sleep you see how the Iggy turns things transitive but it actually also gives it a certain meaning so you got to learn that meaning to make or to cause okay because it might not actually have the same meaning and also another thing is you can put Iggy on a transitive verb already and it changes the meaning again okay now let's look at some more examples so this is where it's going to get a little bit more a little bit more murky I guess so starty means to stand okay so to be in a standing state to stand if you say start Iggy it means to make stand so for instance um start Iggy la bebon to stand up the baby okay to make him into a standing position but then if you say start Iggy Iggy means to become remember so start Iggy means to become standing okay that's different to starty which means to be standing so starty is to be standing start Iggy means to become standing so for instance the hairs on the back of your neck or on the back of the neck of the dog when it gets scared they start Iggy they become standing okay so you got to see although um starty is by itself an intransitive verb you can use Iggy with it and it actually has a different meaning it doesn't just make it intransitive it's already intransitive it just adds another layer of meaning onto it so that's why it's not just the best way to think in a transitive versus intransitive context you've got to learn the meaning of the words and the affixes and then when you put them together it makes more logical sense now let's look at another case where you actually use say an adjective as a verb so you got bluer which is blue okay that's not a verb so you can't look up in the dictionary what its status is transitive or intransitive but if you make an adjective into a verb so you say bluey generally what it does is it means to be the adjective so bluey means to be blue okay so therefore that would be intransitive yeah because you're talking about the subject to be blue so Lachiello blew us the sky is blue okay you could therefore say blue Iggy to make blue okay so that makes it therefore transitive or you could say blue Iggy which means to become blue therefore again it's intransitive but it actually has a different meaning to bluey okay so this if this blew your mind and you're like I hate you right now evil dear I understand I've been through this it's kind of if you learn the actual meaning of the verb then you can kind of from there just know whether it's transitive or intransitive that's the best way to do it yes attaching the label transitive or intransitive to a verb helps in the short term but once you mix it with English and you have opposites in English or whatever language you're native with it can mess with things a bit so try and learn the meaning of the word then you will know whether it's transitive or an intransitive and whether it will requires the accusative case or what you can do with it so that's basically it if you've liked this video or I'm just confused a freaking hell out of you leave a comment below like my video share it around with your friends subscribe to my channel if you haven't already and I'll see you in the next video and if you're not there me boligos