 Yes. May I come in, sir? One, sir. One, sir. Please, sir. Thank you, sir. Salis. Yes, sir. Salis is from Bikaner. Yes, sir. Okay. Everywhere we find Bikaneri, Bikaneri is some trademark brand because there are so many Bikaners. Bikaneri, Namkeen and I don't know whether those are genuine or not. Sir, one of the reasons has been the many of the families who have moved from Bikaneri to different parts of the country because of sometimes, because of the limited opportunity due to desertic conditions and sometimes due to business expansion of the business. So that's why their families are also expanding at the name of Bikaneri. And at the same time, sir, some people are also using the brand Bikaneri to promote their business or to sustain themselves. This Bikaner, Bikaneri, what is the Bikaner brand? The main brand which is available. Sir, there are many brands that have come through the Bikaner. For example, like the Bikaji or Haldiram, these have roots from the Bikaner. For using Bikaneri, there is no specific guidelines. But there is some trademark that is there. Sir, for the Bikaner, Gujia, the GI tech has been given. That is Bikaner Gujia. Yes. What do you say, Bikaner, all these food codes and all? Bikanerwala. Yes, this is the most tested brand. Bikanerwala. So which I should go for, if I want to visit some food court or to taste some sweets or Namkeen. Sir, in that case, you should come to the Bikaner. There are many different... I cannot go to Bikaner for that. I am talking about Delhi. Sir, there are some good brands such as the one the Bikaji, Haldiram or the Bikanerwala. Yes, sir. Actually all the three, they have roots from the common family. Your father was in education department. Yes, sir. What is the secondary education, primary education, technical education? Sir, in Rajasthan, the education has been divided into two parts. One is the school education and the college education. In the school education, there have been two segregation, the primary and elementary education and the secondary education. And what about technical education? There is no such department? Sir, that is under the college education department. Third department. Yes, sir. Even the ministries for the school education and the college education, they are different. They are different ministers. Yes, sir. Okay. Which is the top sugar producing state in our country? I think the last two, three years and changes have taken place. I am sorry, sir. I am not aware, but there has been shift from the northward towards the southern states. Just guess for which are more important sugar producing states? Sir, the, I think it was the Uttar Pradesh. But now, as far as I am able to recall, it might be Maharashtra. Okay. Other than Maharashtra? I am sorry, sir. Bihar or Haryana or Punjab or Karnataka, Gujarat. Okay. It might be in the southern states. Okay. We have Indian Forest Act of 1927. Yes, sir. It is a central act. Yes, sir. But the states also have got powers to amend this act? Sir, the certain forest and the certain provisions of the forest, they are put in the concurrent list of seven schedule. So the states have the powers to clarify some of the acts that are being present in the Indian Forest Act. Some of the provisions? Yes, sir. Some of the provisions, state governments also can change? Sir, generally, if for changing some provisions or countering the National Act, they have to send a file or deal act for the president's consent. I am packing about the specific Indian Forest Act, the Central Act. It is applicable throughout the country. Yes, sir. If some state want to make some amendments in particular provisions, whether they can do that? Yes, sir. They can do that, but the file has to be sent to the president's consent. But if it is not in conflict with the provisions given in the act, why it should go? Sir, that it can go because the forest has been mentioned in the concurrent list of the seven schedule. Okay, and would the same thing apply to CRPC and CPC also? CRPC is Criminal Procedure Code. Yes, sir. Civil Procedure Code. Those are also Central Acts. Those also can be amended by the state governments? I am not sure, sir, exactly about this. That's okay. See, there has been some controversy regarding the airbags in the vehicles. Yes, sir. Now I think two or three are there, so government insisting that it should be six airbags. And manufacturers have been objecting. So what is this? Sir, it is regarding the cost of the vehicle. Generally, in the Indian market, that is very cost-sensitive. So in the base model, the company tries to keep the bare minimum airbags. However, considering the safety of the driver and the riders, it is necessary that there should be at least six airbags that has been provisions being made by the service. Can you see the airbags in the normal vehicle? Sir, generally, when there is a impulse on the car. Impulse on the car. Yes, sir. And then they come out. As I am having curiosity, can I press something and see the airbag coming out and then put it back? Sir, as far as I am aware, it would not be possible. That is not possible. In back in this position. All right, Mr. Machra. Yes, sir. You have done BTEC in mechanical engineering from IIT, Delhi. Yes, sir. And after that you did MSC in chemistry. Yes, sir. You also got CSIR UGC in chemical science. Sir, the in the net or the GRF in the chemistry is known by the name the chemical science. So what I am trying to point out, there is nothing to do with your core subject of mechanical engineering. Sir, after my graduation, I was preparing for the civil services and forest service examination. So side by side, I was also giving private rations to class 11 to 12th for NEET and GE Advanced examination. So thereby, I developed an interest in the chemistry and then I decided to go for the masters in chemistry. No, it seems that our society has missed a very good chemist. I am sorry. The society has missed a very good chemist. You could have been a good chemist. Sir, currently I am appointed as a chemist in Geological Survey of India. If I am able, if I am not able to make it with Indian forest services, then I would be really doing my duties. Very appropriate job for you. So why do you want to go into forest service? I think looking at your profile and your interest, you got a very good job. Yes, sir. You will probably no doubt excel in that job. Sir, yes sir, the job as in chemistry is very exciting and interesting. And however, at the same time, my role as in chemist would be very limited. However, in the Indian forest service, I would get a greater exposure opportunity. What is the job of a chemist in Geological Survey? Sir, the immediately we have to look after the different Royal Socks and mineral samples. We have to look after, we have to analyze the water samples if provided to us. And we have to prepare the basic geochemical at least of our country. All right. Now, if you look at nature, nature has taken only few elements from the periodic table, maybe about 28 or 29 elements from the periodic table and created all the functions and with such quaint beauty, beauty. Whereas we humans have taken all the elements from the periodic table and created all kinds of problems. Can you comment on this and what is your view and what can we learn? Sir, the excess of anything is right. If we are able to utilize within the carrying capacity of the nature, then all the elements, they have their certain properties and their use. True, but then nature is able to provide all the functions using very less elements which is sustainable. Sir, in small amount, apart from the radioactive elements, all the elements are present. For example, even up to the Redone, we are able to find in their natural states. So, they are roughly around 86 elements that are present in their natural states. They might be present in the natural state, but it is not utilized by nature. Sir, due to the density differentiation, some of the elements, they are present. However, to make life sustainable, the certain components that are required for our biological system, they are around 30 to 40. But even in the, for example, the nickel, that might not be useful directly. However, it is useful for maintaining the magnetism of the earth. Now, if you look at dye industry, the colour, the colour of human being produced, which is what is dyes, and dye is a major pollutant of major rivers and groundwater. Whereas, if you look at nature, it also produces all kinds of colours, beautiful colours. How is nature able to produce colours without producing any pollution or any chemicals? Sir, because the colour in the dye that comes through some of the chemical substances or the colour of those chemical substances, the colour that a natural presents are through the harmful, non- harmful chemicals, which do not have the side effect. However, one of the major issues with the dye industry has been the use of the chromium-6 colour, because that is very dangerous. So, if we are able to utilize that chromium-6 and convert it to the chromium-3, that would be very less dangerous as compared to chromium-6. So, the nature has some of the processes through which it converts more harmful substances into less harmful substances. So, that we artificially are not able to proceed that hard, because there is some cost associated with it. So, ideally we should go for instead of chromium-6, we should convert that as chromium-3 and release in the nature. What about structural colouring? Have you heard about structural colouring? Nature uses structural colouring a lot. That is utilizing light as a source for colouring. I am sorry, sir. What is sentinel species? I am sorry, sir, I am not talking. Something called cannery in the cave. There is a term called canneries in the cave. I am sorry, sir, I will go back and look into it. Because when these miners used to go to caves, they used to carry a bird. So, the bird was very sensitive. So, that can be classified as sentinel species. But you are also a poet. Can I say that poets and artists are canneries of society? Yes, sir. Through the emotions and the poems and the emotions used in those poems, they are better able to reflect some of the realities of the society or some of the feelings of the individual. So, in the result, they are able to motivate or lead the people. The context is canneries in the cave. When the carbon monoxide in the cave increases, the canneries tend to die. So, the cave people are, people who are miners are aware that there is a danger. Yes, sir. Similarly, are poets and artists able to anticipate dangers which is facing the society? That is the question. Sir, one of the ways could be through the, they are able to highlight the some of the social events through the beautiful message and through some of the metaphors and the ironies. Secondly, sir, some of the poems that even I read, even that are written by me or some other, some other poems, that helps us to motivate me during the hard times. Sorry to interrupt. This is an occasion where you could also ask the permission to recite one of your poems, right? Yes, sir. Because you are explaining something and you are also referring your poems. You could take the permission and say, sir, I have a line from my poem and you could recite that. Yes. Do that. Sure, sir. Sir, one of the, except from my poem. Can I recite? Yes, please. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Thank you, sir. Thank you, sir. Thank you very much. Okay Selesh, you are from Rajasthan. Yes sir. I would like to know, I mean Rajasthan government is doing excellent job. Three flagship programs of Rajasthan government. Sir, one of the schemes has been the Bhamasha card that has integrated a different 54 departments and different ministries into the one card. So that has led to the paperless and distillation services to the citizens. Sir, second has been the focus on the renewable energy. There has been increased upthrust for the wind and the solar energy, especially in the western Rajasthan. And sir, third has been the Mukhyamantri Chiranjeevi youth now, that provides the free medicine as well as the free healthcare checkup to all the citizens, especially to the citizens above 60 age and below poverty line. This is new one. Yes sir. This is new program. Sir, Sir, earlier there were, there are the three components of the scheme. One is the free checkup, free indoor care and free insurance. So earlier these three were divided into different care and they were divided in different schemes. So as a result, there was not the ease of service delivery. So now it is easier for the, even for the, as a citizens as well as the government to take track of the record. That's very good. Okay. Now please tell three very, very important program which has changed the face of the common people by government of India because government of India having 300 program, but I want only three from you. Sir, if I take the context of the western Rajasthan and Bikaner and Churu to be particular, the first, the major has been the Swachh Bharat Abhyan because there are many places where they were not having the toilet. Sir, second has been the Kusum because people have been aware of the importance of the renewable energy and also the waste land that has been converted into the green land. And sir, third has been the Jav-Sallam-Yoshna because there has been the recharge of many of the natural as well as artificial ponds in the region as well as it has provided drinking water to many of the villages which earlier were not having. Okay. Indra Gandhi canal is a face changer for Rajasthan. Yes. But it has got certain problems of late. What are those concerns which has this canal has created? Of course it has done a lot of service to the San people. Please tell some, what are the problems I wanted to know. Sir, it has been a lifeline for the western Rajasthan. However, the excess of anything is bad. Same happened here. Few problems. First of all is the increasing salinity issues and the water lobbying issues that has also led to the malarial conditions in the region. Sir, second major problem has also been related to the increasing monoculture that is also related to the growing of the exotic species along the Indra Gandhi river. And second is also the people have shifted towards the wheat, rice and in some regions of the Anmangat, the sugarcane. So, these are the water intensive crop which are not suitable for the climatic conditions and also the monoculture the people have shifted away from the pulses, maize and vajra these types of crop. Okay. Suppose you get your own cattle Rajasthan and become the digital forest officer. Suppose Jaipur or Jodhpur or may be Bhikhanel or area is given to you around 100 hectares for plantation and all areas are barren and then I mean the sands are there. How are you going for plantation activity? You start. Sir, first would be to divide the region into the different small areas. Some of the areas could be kept for the grazing of the cattle and the domesticated animals. Sir, the second could be to choose few of the species that are growing very well native species. For example, the Babool, Kheyjiri and Sir, the Rohira or these type of species which are platable to the animals as well as at the same time they are also multipurpose trees and they are well and they go very well in the desertic conditions. Sir, third would be especially in the western Rajasthan there has been drive to go for the river and buffers along the Indira Gandhi canal. So, in that context and the growing of the local species which could hold the water and which could hold trees and also which are tolerant to the salinity conditions. This would be my priority order. What is the importance of nursery in context of developing a really good plantation? Sir, one of the major aim of the nursery is to reduce the regeneration time because in the open forest the condition would not be ideal and at the same time it would take some time for the crop to grow. However, if the trees are grown in the nursery and later transferred to the field conditions, the mortality rate would be also less and at the same time the requirement such as water and nutrient that would also be less as compared to the requirement in the nursery. What is the importance of root trainers and greenhouses in context of nursery? Have you heard these terms? Sir, I have heard that to greenhouses but not the root trainers. Can I make a guess for you? Sir, it might be related to the drainage of the excess water through the nursery. It is a small tray type thing. You can put the seeds and the root is very straight for that. This is artificially helping to the growth of the plant. Thank you, sir. Salish. Yes, sir. Nice. So, you have a hobby of writing poems. Yes, sir. There is a new form of poetry, Haiku. Yes, sir. What is it? Sir, it refers to the set of three lines whereby the first line has the five words, second line has the seven and third is also five. The total 17 word poem. They might or they might not be related to the one or other lines. Okay. Why is it becoming so popular? Sir, one of the reasons has been in very small words, you are able to convey the very large message whereby sometimes the first line and the second line they are not related with each other. However, in the third line we are able to connect both the line with each other as well as connect to the some common messages. Okay. Can you name some invasive plant species in India? Sir, one of them is Prasafis julephsora. Then the some of the species of the ecliptes and lentina species. What is the impact of invasive plant species? Sir, one of the impact that has been seen in the western Rajasthan due to ecliptes is the declining groundwater because it extracts a lot of water. As a result, groundwater depletion takes place. Secondly, these species are not playable. So, the quality of grassland that has also declined because they overtake because they are not playable. So, as a result, the amount of other native species is present declining. So, the quality of grassland also declined. Okay. So, how many or can you name some protected areas in Rajasthan? Sir, some of the three national parks in Rajasthan Kailada National Park, Ranthambur National Park and Seshka National Park. Apart from that, there are the four tiger reserves. Two of them are the Ranthambur and Seshka. Apart from that, Kundra Hills Tiger Reserve and Ramgad Vijthari Tiger Reserve. And even there are 31 wildlife centuries in Rajasthan. Okay. How has been the implementation of Forest Rights Act in Rajasthan? Sir, there are very few reasons where the forest community has been residing in the forest. They are the southern and the southwestern regions of the Rajasthan. Okay. All right. You have a hobby of teaching. Yes, sir. So, can you tell me, UGC has made some changes, various changes and many progressive steps have been taken. Yes, sir. Can you list down a few of them? Sir. Which has been taken in the last seven, eight months. Sir, one of the steps has been the new education policy that has been converted into the teacher training program that has been converted into four-year program, the BA program that earlier was two years. And secondly, sir, for the college education, there was mandatory VST that was to be enforced from 2023. Now, that has been shifted again for the one year due to the COVID and other implementation issues. Okay. Many private universities have sprung up in Rajasthan. Yes, sir. Yeah. So, can you evaluate them and can you tell me the positives and negatives of it? Sir, currently, India is undergoing a demographic dividend. The number of states in the government colleges has been very limited. So, as a result, the coming of the private colleges and universities that has helped us to bridge the gap between the required students to be employed at the same time, the number of students that are coming. However, at the same time, the major issues has been the quality of education provided by the private colleges and universities. That has been the below subpar. So, in that matter, the UCC and all India Technical Education Committee, they should come together and ensure that the highest standards of the college education that are being set and met by the colleges, private colleges especially. Okay. Last question. What do you mean by biodiversity hotspots? Sir, biodiversity hotspots are the regions or the areas where there is very high biodiversity present. At the same time, there has been an equally high threat to the biodiversity of that region. Generally, there are the two conditions for a region to come under the biodiversity hotspot. First is it should have more than 1500 endemic species which are present only in that region. Secondly, more than 70% of areas should be under threat. Okay. What do you mean by endemic species? Sir, the species that are present only in that region and nowhere else. Okay. Thank you.