 Hello So welcome to nothing left, but always right the twisted road to right to left support I'm more L and I work for the collaboration team at the foundation I will take you on an adventure in directionalities that might break your brain. So You're hereby warned So let's start from the basics What is language? Okay, maybe not go that much into basics Let's go a little bit further out. What is not language? so I have a bunch of letters and More letters characters are these language? No, they're script So scripts can you be used by several languages? so in this example the above scripts are written left to right and The bottom scripts are written right to left The scripts are Latin Cyrillic Hebrew and Arabic But the languages that they use it can be English Spanish Russian French etc. It's retro from left to right Several of those languages can use the same script between themselves and On the bottom. We have Arabic Hebrew Persian Urdu and a bunch of other languages that we can use right to left We have about 260 wikipedia's depending how you count That are left to right and we have 16 wikipedia's that are right to left Well, so if that's the case then why should we care at all about right to left languages in the wikipedia foundation? Well, first of all, they're not that small right to left language wikipedia's these are the top three have pretty decent amount of users and they comprise a Fairly decent amount of our user base Second thing is that when we think about right to left languages and we think about the problems that they That they may have and show us then we also fix things that might not be directly related and we make our products better But the most important reason why we really should care about right to left languages is this This is our mission statement and our mission statement clearly state That we should imagine a world in which every single human being and freely share in the sum of all knowledge And that means that we include the right to left speaking people All right, so what is the problem? Why is it such a big challenge? Well, there's something that's called the mental model when you look at websites So this is an English wikipedia your mind your your eyes and your brain kind of automatically goes to the left This is also the reason why most websites have their logos on the left top corner and their menus on the left The focus that you keep give the page is on the left right and then you go towards on the left top Sorry, and then you go towards the right and towards the bottom But when you look at pages that are right to left and when you think in right to left terminology You go reversed you go mirrored your eyes are automatically drawn to the right. That's the way you think Which is why a lot of those websites have the logo on the right side and the menu on the right side and things seem to be flipped So the way that really you know the script language is not just about writing and reading It also affects your eyes where you expect to think to see things on the screen your terminology What does it mean to say before and after and we're going to touch on that? And your expectation from typing and from interacting with the content So these are questions that are really can give us a very very challenging problems deal with right to left Content So I'll take you back to history a little bit. Some of you may remember this some of you may not so in the beginning of the Internet the The Internet knew not of right to left languages all languages at all websites were left to right The absolute majority were in English There was no real reason to think about right to left languages. Why would we? But then right to left languages did spring up like we had to do something right to left You know nations wanted to have their own websites But what do you do with right to left language it when your browser has no concept of right to left? It always renders things left to right Well, it turns out You write them backwards So that is the way that right to left languages used to exist on the web We wrote them backwards and in fact we even had tools and those tools even exist today I found those online still in existence Where you would go into the tool you'd type whatever you wanted to type like in Hebrew and Arabic Whatever and then you click a button and it would flip it for you And then you take the flip version and you put it in your website and that would make everything right to left great And I'm I'm actually pretty sure if we is angel fire still in existence Geo cities like if we go there we probably will find still pages that do that Which is a little sad so then obviously you know Something had to be done, so let's fast forward about 20 years. I'm skipping a lot of progress that was incremental For the sake of brevity, but we'll fast forward about 20 years to our current day So what do we do now? So there are a couple of things that happened first of all We can actually finally type in right to left and the browsers can recognize it and we don't have to type backwards That is the first thing that happened. Yay But as we can see from the mental model, there's a lot of other things that should happen For example flipping page really should do that so nowadays one of the solutions that we have is Directionality flipping so we can really tell our entire HTML page Or my directionality right now is right to left and it will flip my page. Yay So here's how it looks This is the English Wikipedia and this is the Hebrew Wikipedia The English is left to right Hebrew is right to left and we can see that for the most part It's flipped now I'm going to treat this as if the entire solution is flipping The actual answer is that we do have exceptions going to go over them a little bit later But just bear with me so we can see that basically the pages flip. We have the logos on the opposite sides We have the menus on opposite sides. We have the top menus flip and mirrored We even have the search bar mirrored. In fact Internally the search input is also mirrored because you write it from the left or you write it from the right And we went as far as to flip the icons. It's great Which might be funny But if you think about it it it also makes sense for the flip mental model You kind of like expect, you know to go from the end of some of the beginning although, you know I'm left-handed so for me doesn't really matter So everything flips. Yay. Okay. We can go home. I can finish the lecture. Maybe you know an hour is too much Should it flip? Huh Maybe not let's go over things that maybe shouldn't flip. So here. I have a little snippet a little piece Of interface from visual editor and this piece of interface is from the image Dialogue so what happens when I want to insert an image into my page. I want to align it somehow Right, so I have the buttons left center right. I have the position. I want to wrap text around the item What would this look like in right to left? Well, we said that we should flip everything. Okay, here it is We flipped everything except We can't really flip the buttons themselves In fact, we did that in the first iteration of the dialogue until we noticed that when we did that The right was on the left and the left was on the right which really makes no sense no matter what language you speak The concept of right and left are true even in right to left languages and left to right languages So this entire interface should flip except for those buttons. Okay. It's one thing that should All right, let's go to another example. So this is visual editor. This is a toolbar visual editor This is left to right and on underneath it is right to left Let's go over These lovely buttons. We have these these are undo and redo. I'll make them bigger for you Are these flipped? They don't look like they're flipped Let's take a closer look. Well, we all know that this is undo and this is redo But before we go over and check if we should have flipped them in right to left Let's think about it for a second. What do we do when we undo? When we undo we go backwards What is backwards in left to right? It's going left towards. All right So that makes sense for the undo button if we want to redo we go forward again We go in towards the right. Well, what would it be in right to left languages? Well, if we want to undo in right to left languages, we don't go towards the left. We go towards the right right, and if we want to redo we go towards the left because that's the forward thinking so Not only has these buttons flipped, but they double flipped. I know They're with me so as we can see flipping everything is not that easy So what is the solution? Well, you have to kind of analyze and anticipate your interface You have to really think about what parts of the interface makes sense to Flip what don't make sense to flip and it will really really help if you listen to your right to left users because they usually know Let's start about dealing with multiple directionalities. We're going one step further Yeah So this is the Spanish Wikipedia So let's say, you know, I want to deal with the you know do something on Spanish Wikipedia And I know a little bit of Spanish But you know what I don't know enough to really know the technicalities So a lot of times like preferences and you know, where do I go? What is like special page and stuff and I'm used to doing that in English So what I can do in all Wikipedia is it's changed my interface language. So this is Spanish content I'm still in the Spanish Wikipedia, but I have an English interface. So I Don't know if you can see on The left side like all my menu changed the talk page is called talk, right? So this is easier for me to work with In that aspect So this is again the English Wikipedia. What happens if I want to do the exact same thing except my main languages say Hebrew Ha well We have to conditionally flip now like this So I'm still on the English Wikipedia. My content is still left to right But all my interface is now right to left That's what you have You know what that's what you get when you have English content with Hebrew interface Which you know if you think about it makes sense makes absolute sense But it makes technically it makes things a little bit more Difficult like we need to really consider which part of the page do we flip and which we don't and For that we have a tool and the Wikimedia foundation that's called CSS Yannis CSS Yannis is a magic It's just pure magic. It takes CSS rules and Flips them to right to left. So basically if you have direction LTR, it will flip it to RTL if you have border Left it will switch it to border right if you have padding It knows which parts of the padding to flip so that left is right right left all that kind of stuff It does it for us magically and we can also decide, you know what there's certain pieces that I don't want to switch So margin left will always remain margin left. Don't flip it. I wrote no flip. So this is magic. This is awesome It's of course open source and you can use it if you're developing things inside MediaWiki. It's automatic But you can also it's a it's an NPM package. So you can also use it in your in your projects So now the only question okay, we have that tool now The only question is to flip or no flip like how do we know what to flip and what not to flip? All right, so here's visual editor again This is again visual editor in left to right and right to left except this is my interface language is right to left Okay, I'm still on an English page as you can see some of the bullet list right is in English But I changed my interface language to Hebrew because I'm more comfortable in Hebrew So let's take a look at the bullet list. This is the bullet button Does it make sense? Let's open it up. Well, I it flipped, you know It's between left to right and right left. It makes sense that it flipped I have bullets from the left and bullets from the right because I changed my interface language except I'm still writing in left to right So if I click the bullet icon my bullets are not going to be from the right. They're going to be from the left So should this flip? I Don't know in fact we are arguing about this in fabricator tasks Feel free to join us Here's a bonus for you to show what happens when you're too zealously flipping So this is a library office the list toolbar and then so if I type in English everything's good You can see I've numbers list and bullets and indent and out then great if I Well, you know, I type and then I decide to type in Hebrew So I go to another paragraph and I switch to Hebrew The icons flip right just like we discussed right now. It will flip the other direction except they're mirrored So in fact this is a little bit of a problem because the numbers make no sense at all So even if you decide to flip, that's awesome. Make sure you're not doing this So what happens when we try to distinguish between what is our content and what is our interface and that might be a little bit Of a challenge. Well, like let's look at an example. This is my user page my user page on the Hebrew Wikipedia. It uses flow and On the top it has the regular right to left Interface from the Hebrew Wikipedia and on the bottom. I decided to use the left to right interface as if I need the English interface I'm going to mark things for you. Don't worry Color-coded content versus interface just to show you some of the challenges that we have with this So we start with very clearly, you know, the title is clearly interface So it's flipped. It's great. We have the buttons. They're also interface. They're flipped this version By the way has a tiny little bug. The new version of flow does not have it. There's a problem. There's a little problem with the icons This is content clearly it's right to left in both versions because it's content what I wrote, right? This is also content because it's you know It's the content of the title of the page of the of the topic Except this is not content. This is interface. It tells you how many hours ago or days ago Things happen and there's a difference between Hebrew and English. So you have to make sure that this one is an interface This is also content. I'm going to answer something like I'm going to type my response or start a new topic It's it's the Hebrew Wikipedia. So it's going to be in right to left. Therefore it is content except Internally the little placeholder that explains what it is that is actually interface and that can create a bit of very funny problems like this situation here when you're replying to You know the topic that's called in this case hackathon in Hebrew And it's kind of reversing on you because it's a mix between interface and content Yeah So really the solution is to think about your interface very carefully and try to decide which part is interface and which part is Content we are still arguing about these things like and there are several things that we decided our content and are now We're thinking it maybe you know not content and it's really just carefully thinking about this And of course argue in tasks because that solves everything Let's talk about typing So you might not have to type in mixed directionalities what I do and most right to left speakers actually do So I have two Let's say text boxes here and helpfully for you I defined the beginning and end of each one of them So I have left to right the beginning is on the left the end of all right And I have right to left the beginning is right and the end is on the left And I have two sentences one in Hebrew one in English great and everything looks Perfectly fine. What would happen though if I write Hebrew in English and English in Hebrew Well, let's check so I prepared a little demo for you Oops Not this right So I have this is my left to right text books and this is my right to left textbooks. Let's try and write high So far so good, right, but I did have Ellipses oh Okay, it's at the end of the sentence. It makes sense, right? How are you see it flipped now because I am in an English sentence Now judging from this I'll give you two seconds to figure out where will be the question mark one two boom That's it What Happened Yeah So this is good that it's going to look like and this is what it's going to look like in Hebrew if I did the same thing above and It actually makes sense if you think about it because the sentence the context box actually expect the sentence to end on The left or on the right and it doesn't know that you know externally in the global context that you wrote English now in an RTL context It knows that this is a sentence and you know the question mark goes at the end and the end is the left Yeah, the solution is to fix the internet. So there is no two ways about it, but we can kind of cheat it a little bit So before I'll show you how we cheated a little bit and what we do to fix it Let's talk about numbers. So here I have a tiny little micro sentence called, you know, it's just saying English 123 So what if I had the same thing? Hebrew one hundred and twenty three and there's a reason why I'm, you know, saying one hundred and twenty three and not one Two three and I'll show you in a second. So Let me show you here. I Have yes My textbooks above English one hundred and twenty three and then Hebrew one hundred and twenty three if I put my marker here I don't know if you can see it very well between the one and two if I hit space right now What will happen? Nothing good There's there we go What? Yes, you were right. Thank you What would happen if I click, you know, I hit space between two and three Again nothing good What happened? Well It makes sense if you actually think about this so I have you know Hebrew one to three The context the entire context is right to left but internally Numbers are internally left to right in most languages. There are Exceptions we're not going to go over them for the sake of your brain, but for the most part Numbers go left to right always. So I really have two words here Which are internally consistent. So the Hebrew goes right to left the Numbers go left to right, but the entire context goes right to left as well when I hit space I separate the numbers into their own words. So now really I have Three words here on the second line, right? Each one of them goes from right to left So first word second word third word internally. They might have a different direction, but Overall the directionality goes right to left So I hope that this makes it a little bit clearer why that behavior happened and that is actually Intentional behavior. We have nothing to fix. This is a good Kind of behavior that you expect to see from right to left languages online when I hit space between one and two I expect the one to go before because it's right to left and I expect anything else I need to do something to make it happen That leads me to the unicode bidirectional algorithm, which actually makes up all these rules at least on the web I'm going to have a really really very generalized and very quick primer There's a lot to get into if you already know what it is. Please forgive the brevity You can read about it online like a lot and get into it But okay overall The unicode bidirectional algorithm defines three types of entities strong weak and neutral The strong type affect entities around them The weak types are affected by entities around them and the neutral are not at all affected by anything and they're not affecting Anything at all in order to organize this in your head a little bit. The strong type is usually alphabet The weak type is punctuation and digits and we saw that already I'm going to show you and the neutral type are white space tabs, etc. So what does that mean in practice? All right Let's go further into our numbers example and show what it means. Let's say I have this sentence English one two three Some word in Hebrew One two three and another word in English. What would happen to the sense? Let me give you a hint according to what we just saw with the unicode Here are the strong types They will affect what comes after them Here are the weak types that will be affected but by what comes before them and Here are the neutral types. They will have no effect and be not be affected by anything You ready? Let's check it out. So I have this sentence I'm going to mark this word and I'm going to transform it into Hebrew If your eyes on the screen Did you see it all I did was replace it with Hebrew letters. That is all I did What happened? Well It's actually easier to see here. This is the same exact sentence. It's a copy paste. I swear. I didn't move any letters Here's what happened The English defined the directionality from left to right the numbers that came after it knew because English You know what came before it dictated it so they go from left to right one two three But then came Hebrew which defines right to left and then the numbers after it said oh We're right to left so they went from right to left one two three and then came another English word Which was left to right and that's what happened and you can even see that in liberal office Which is what I used to produce this demonstration The fonts are a little different I don't know if you can kind of see it So the fonts that follow the Hebrew are a little different than the fonts that follow the English That is because the system knows that these numbers are supposedly Hebrew now Until I change it to English and then they're English now. So these are actually two fonts So sometimes usually online the fonts are similar enough for you not to notice But this is what happens the numbers are affected, but what came before them So this can produce really really weird effects as you can imagine and This is the Unicode by Directional Algorithm Let's talk about the keyboard So this is the keyboard. We all know and love I hope this is the US layout And you would think that the keyboard is everybody's friend. Yeah, I don't know about that We'll see so we have a couple of issues with with the keyboard when we think about right to left languages The first one is the arrows. So we have left right top down oops, right and the second one is parentheses and brackets So let's see why I say that so Let's look at cursor movement Let's say I put my cursor in the beginning of the like weird sentence we had before right with the Hebrew and English and the numbers That switched and all that kind of stuff. I put it at the very beginning of the English word and all I do is Click right Just go to the right. What would happen? Let's see Well, here's my sentence. I even made one Reversed if you wanted but let's go with this one. So I put my cursor on that just before the e and Although you can't see it. I'm I promise you right now. I'm only hitting the right arrow So we're gonna go right and we're going right and we're going right and we keep going right and we're going right and that's it All right, that's pretty straightforward. It just went from left to right all over the sentence great What happens if I select though? So all I'm doing now you can't see it, but I swear I'm not doing anything else. I'm just clicking shift and Right, but right right right right right right right right right right right right? Whoa I'm still going right right right right right and right Okay, that was fun What happened there well our lovely keyboard So when you move the cursor movements, there are actually two types of movements visual and logical And we just saw them. So when I just moved the arrows left to right right to left It was visual when I selected it was logical It goes a little bit worse than that because there are some browsers that define it differently So they might actually be different behavior between chrome safari and And Firefox when you select versus move, which is just lovely But let's make things just simpler. We have visual and logical So if you move visual, it just goes from left to right just like we saw what happened with the selection. Well That is logical movement the movement actually recognizes selection recognizes that You got you go from left to right and then you've gotten to like an end of a segment that has a different directionality So it jumps to the beginning of that segment, which is why we saw, you know, the selection jumps and it keeps going To the same direction that the selection is going even though I kept on clicking the right button Right the going right button, which is also the correct right button And then it reaches the end of it and then it recognizes that there's another shift in directionality And it jumps to the extra segment and keeps on going So in fact this button is not go to the right It goes to the end Right if you think of it that way then it makes all you know It all makes sense you just go to the end the beginning of the next segment is you know You jump and then you go to the end and then you go to the other end, right? It makes so much more sense now Doesn't it? I know Let's talk about parentheses. These are fun so Here's my open parentheses and my close parentheses and these are awesome and when you write in English Obviously, you are open parentheses some text close parentheses. What would it be like in right to left now? I'll give you a hint instead of saying left parentheses and right parentheses. I already Told you that we're talking about open parentheses and closed parentheses Which really means that this is what's going to happen Take a closer look Yes, they are flipped Which really means this Yes in right to left The open parentheses and close parentheses are actually open and close parentheses Which means the left parentheses is the right parentheses and the left right parentheses is the left parentheses. I know Yes, someone does need to get to be hold held accountable all of this I know I don't know who but someone Just not me please So yes But these are not the only parentheses we have on the keyboard We also have brackets curly brackets and Whatever we call these smaller than and bigger than symbols Which vector HTML writing as we can see in a little bit Which I'm sure you can imagine makes right to left users lives Very difficult So what's the solution the solution is to change our terminology? We are no longer talking about left and right We should be talking about before and after backwards and forwards Beginning and end and then it fits both Mental models because before and after in left to right is left and right but in right to left It's right and left and then we can really Understand what we mean when we say you know backwards and forwards in fact in OUI Which is our widget library when we develop the when we worked on the pop-ups So if you create a new pop-up you can have you know in a line like a pop-up alignment You can use forwards and forwards will mean that in left to right It goes towards the right because that's forward But in right to left automatically it goes towards the left for you because that what's means forward And if you force left it will always go left in both directions and if you force right it will always go right But this will make it a lot simpler to actually remember and understand what's going on So our terminology really needs to change Here's a bonus for you. So emoticons when you type emoticons in right to left. They're flipped Instead of tilting your head that way you tilt your head other way. They do that automatically luckily Except there are a couple that don't which are these and I can't really express in words how many times I wrote you know a text to my parents and I meant it as a you know griny face and they thought I'm sobbing so You know this can be problematic So we have another solution for these kind of things. It's called control characters so here's the same kind of context that we saw before with the Left to right and right to left and you already know why this happens, right? So if this is my username or rather, this is not my username because I use dashes exactly for this reason but imagine this is my username and this is the username actually for a lot of WMF employees and now you can kind of understand why the parentheses goes on the left when you're right to left right because the sentence and on the left and the parentheses goes on the left So it actually makes sense why it will happen But what do we do to fix it? So we have control characters and what we can do is kind of force this text to behave the way we want it to So the first control character we have is embedding We actually put the embedding character before the text and we really tell it Embed this directionality. So LRE is embed a left to right directionality So ignore your general context just to left to right from here onwards RLE is the same thing only for right to left We also have isolation so isolation mark of the LRM and RLM goes at the end So basically it says no matter what happens in the global context whatever came before you just isolate that little thing For that directionality and that also fixes it and then we have my absolute favorite control character Which is the override which basically means whatever come after you force it to be that directionality no matter what Which is how you can really flip stuff, which is great and this creates a bunch of really interesting phenomena Especially in fine limbs and stuff like that But yeah, let's talk about the expectations of right to left users or rather the non-existing Expectations right to left users. So as we could see throughout this lecture writing and typing in right to left on the web is very challenging and There's very very few websites and tools that get it right if at all We have a lot of websites that get some aspects right and then some aspects absolutely wrong and it's very very difficult So a lot of times when we develop things we really invent the wheel And we really need to take a step back and kind of think okay What makes sense for this and this is an ironic thing that happened to me because when I just started working in the We can be a foundation on languages. I also wasn't really used to thinking about things I just you know, I didn't even notice that I'm hacking around the problems Normally that when I write a message That involves you know that is in Hebrew, but has an English word. I type new lines around it I just type you know on your sentence and all my friends do that too Because it just makes sense for us because that fixes the problem, but it doesn't really it's a hack So when you develop new software, you really need to take a step back and say okay Shouldn't make them you know hack around the problem. We should really find a solution So we have to you know design our own solutions a lot of times So here's an example of like existing things. This is Facebook and this is me mangling a Facebook post And all I did really is mention a name in Hebrew So it's really hard to kind of read this I know but try so if you go all the way through the right There's an at sign right and then there's a name in Hebrew, which is my name or L And then you have this sentence is mangled right and then you have A couple of words in Hebrew and then you have it starts with a word in and then you have Hebrew So basically the sentence is mangled because it starts with a word in Hebrew This is how Facebook does things now. This might seem to you as a non problem But if you flipped it around Then if I go at Something in English and then I write a post in Hebrew then the entire thing is mangled Especially if I have another word in there that is English So if I write like I don't know a URL or a name of a band, you know things that actually happen It's pretty bad. So there's a bunch of ways to fix it a lot of people just you know put new lines in between these things But this is really annoying This is of what happens in hangouts. So I Wrote You know the above is correct. So this sentence is mangled. It's actually not really mangled because Hangouts seem to go by the majority of Words so if you're the majority of words is left to right the paragraph will go left to right And if the majority is right to left it will go left to right to left So it seems to be more or less self-correcting which is great Although you can still kind of hack it as you can see from the bottom one, which is all the way mangled However, the funnier thing is that While I wrote it To Roan he actually didn't see it this way because he was looking at it from mobile So the behavior on mobile and the same product is different. This is what he saw So you can see that the sentences are rendered completely differently in mobile. It just seems to just Go by the first word all the time Which it's really annoying. It's not even consistent. What is up with that? But yes, so these are the type of things that we're dealing with with users online So, yeah, I have a little demo here to show you, you know Here's an example of what happens if you need to type HTML in a right-to-left context So go with me and I really hope that I do it right because I get it confused all the time, too So this is a right-to-left box and I'm going to try and write the same thing that we have above so Hey, oops, sorry a ref right and then Epidia the word great now the title I'll write it in Hebrew. Yeah, this is Shalom great now. I'm closing and now I'll write another word and Now I'll open it again slash a close. I Really had to concentrate for this. So let's copy it up here to see if I did it, right? It seems so except what the hell just happened here, right? Well, let me mark this word first and Make it English Yes As we mark this word So as you can see things flip when you write in English in Hebrew and Left to right right to left and you don't even have to be in the right to left context for that Even if if all I need to do is just take that word flip it and then take that word and flip it and you can see it looks terrible Absolutely terrible and this happens a lot and the reason is because of the same Unicode Bader-Rachael algorithm that we saw before these markings here are neutral So they go. I'm sorry a week. So they go buy whatever comes Before them which in this case is Hebrew. So they flip but then right? Yeah So what is the solution? Yeah to fix the internet that is basically what we have so to summarize Right the left users really expect bad behavior because this is how the web works when we deal with these Questions we often set the standard and we reinvent the wheel and then we expose a lot of ties But dealing with language questions. We exposed a lot of issues that make our products generally better and We gain from the participation all over the world and we follow our mission So supporting right-to-left languages is very challenging and it's brain-twisting and it's occasionally frustrating Okay, not just occasionally But it's important and it's really satisfying once you figure it out So I invite you to join us in right to left land Where everything almost flipped And I'll take questions in any direction Yeah, there's a microphone here, and then there are questions if there are on IRC or Google plus or whatever All right, hello Right to left keyboards like a Hebrew keyboard How's how does that look are the like the parentheses marks flipped So a lot of times because when you work on the computer, you do need to know English and Hebrew a lot of times And yeah, it can be actually really confusing Sometimes you have the symbols so in Hebrew they'll be under the English and It can be really confusing. So sometimes you will have a keyboard Button that has two different parentheses one this way though and that's way that is more common with the Bigger than and smaller than I think but there are different layouts From my experience. I think most of us just got used to the fact that when you open parentheses, it looks backwards Yeah, that's just you know, we don't even think about it anymore. That's the weird thing It's it really takes like you know, you need to step back and say oh, yeah I have a couple from IRC to For right to left. Are you reading from the bottom to the top for the soft wrap sentences? No, no, no from right to left languages. Well, there are languages. Gee, I don't know if there are bottom to top I know that they're top to bottom And then right to left right So there are many languages with many different layouts Specifically right to left languages the majority of them are right to left top to bottom. That is usually what happens There might be other languages. I'm not sure. I think there's even one language that is going Switching direction while you read it Which is even worse But yeah, normally it's it's right to left You showed the magnifying glass flipping But I mean people hold my magnifying glass in their right hand So I was wondering what the rationale for flipping that and so the rationality was going from the end towards your Query that's the rationale. So it's kind of like so it sort of points the right way relative to the text Yeah, and do it do we flip the same thing for the pencil icon for editing do we do but I mean Just seems weird. I agree. I'm not sure they're all flipped Like you know, I hold them in the other hand anyway, but is that commonly done in other words? Yeah The icon doesn't match the way 90% of people sort of operate the tool I think it's it's it's kind of like a mental thing. I actually can't remember I need to check like We're office and word and stuff But it makes sense because if you if you think about the pencil as going towards like finishing the sentence or going towards the Sentence that you have then the kind of direction of tilting Makes sense and then you have to flip it between right to left and I think that's that's kind of like the mentality behind it But it kind of looks weird when it's not flipped. I have to say Thanks This is that's right, so If you have a list of countries for example that have flags flag icons and next to them if you flip it to right to left You should probably not flip the flags That is correct. Yeah, here's another question from IRC Solving the internet is hard smiley face I'd love to hear what Morrell thinks that some of the steps we can take to start addressing this problem more systematically Which problem I didn't hear I'm solving the internet. Oh, okay. Well Yes, well, okay, you know this this lecture was a little bit of a kind of like a taste of what we have There's a lot of hacks that we do and a lot of things that we you know if a hack persists. It stopped being a hack So I don't really know what will involve to fix the internet a lot of it is also it It's a problem that might not be inherently fixable because when you think and do different directions There is no right and wrong that is clearly You know a fix for things if I write like when we saw the you know the English 1 2 3 Hebrew 1 2 3 English is that wrong that actually is not wrong. That's actually correct It's just confusing to people who don't know it, right? writing, you know HTML and Right to left. Why would you do that? But sometimes we have to is it wrong is it right? I'm not entirely sure I think what we could do is try to see that we work with things like content editable Which allows us to put directionalities to paragraphs and then it's a little bit easier We can you know in Wikipedia. I think it's easier to use visual editor for these kind of things Instead of using like the raw we can text box that can really Be problematic when you try to put HTML in a lot of people just copy paste HTML from another software Which you know also works? But yeah, some of those things are conceptually hard to solve like you know, what is the correct thing to think? I don't know