 वाटर साइकल, परस दा कोंटेंच, वाटर न अर्ठ, लें एपपूरेशन, परेसिप्तेशन, आरानाव, इन्फुल्टरेशन, आन दा सब सर्फेश प्लोग. तो फरस दा वाटर न अर्ठ. तुब आप सब से पहले आप भाथ करते हैं कि वाटर साइकल. वाटर यह अन आना वाटर साइकल तर बाथ ती फ्रुष्तिए आप चलिए. वाटर बाथ यह सब से रेफ्वेशन यह आप आप यह पर्टाब यह च्छाए. वाटर तर जो लिए एस के इसके बारक सीथरा के लाइप त्वो पोज़्बल, यापे जो पूलर रिजन है जिसा दे नार्थन रो सब दूरें पूल्स हैं वहां क्या क्या अईस कैप्स मजुद हैं यिसा से वाटर जो वो लेएक्स, रीवर, स्पिंख्स की फाम्स जो वो मजुद हैं तो आगर तोटल वाटर की अमाँत हम बात करें तो it's about 97% of water 97% of water that is the present in the marine form, marine water marine water means salt water that is not high salt concentration that is not useable for us that we cannot directly use it it means 97% of water is on the same side remaining water that is the 3% 3% of the maximum water 2% of the water is on the glaciers or on the poles that is the deposit or on the glaciers that is the frozen form it means that is also not the direct access of the human that we cannot directly use third important source of water is the underground water underground water is also a reasonable amount so the water available on the surface that is very little amount of water if we include the surface water along with the ground water approximately 1% water is available to human 1% water is used for life activities for agriculture, industry, household etc now we will talk about where from water cycle will start cycle process we can start from anywhere but if we simply talk about the main reservoir of water water that is the ocean water so first of all the water from the reservoir it will be converted into the vapors so from ocean, river, lake, water where it will be in the form of vapors it will be in the atmosphere this process is called evaporation similarly other than water bodies animals also evaporate in the form of water vapors similarly plants also evaporate in large amount of water during transpiration in this way ice caps or glaciers directly water vaporizer will not be there because it is ice so ice normally when there is a lot of wind flows so ice is converted directly in the vapors that is called the sublimation process so sublimation, transpiration, evaporation all these process they contribute in the contribute to the formation of clouds in the sky because all this water is on top the sky will be in the form of clouds it will start to become a jama second step after evaporation the next water cycle step that is precipitation the word precipitate means rain meaning rain or snow or the process in which the water comes towards the rain is called precipitation so for precipitation the first step of evaporation when water vapors go to the height then they will cool down by cooling down the water vapors ultimately they will form the clouds now the clouds are dense so wind will move the clouds from one place to the other so wind will move the clouds until clouds are further cooled down then it happens that when they fall from a mountain or some environmental conditions the clouds get further cooled down then what happens the clouds start the process of precipitation precipitation means when the rain falls start if there is cold region then it happens that the rain falls and direct snow falls so if we talk about the amount of evaporation of the water about 86% of the water evaporates from the ocean and rises up now the rainfall 78% of the rain comes directly from the oceans whereas the remaining 22% of the rain comes from the land the land area the earth so the next step after precipitation is to flow again the water flow we call it runoff after precipitation the water will runoff from water runoff the water starts moving towards the oceans water runoff can be surface runoff or we call it channel runoff surface runoff means the water flow on open land that is the surface runoff whereas the water is moving in the rivers that is called the channel runoff next step after runoff along with it another step is runoff that is the infiltration actually infiltration is the process during which the water flowing which is going towards the ocean there is a huge amount of water which is absorbed in the land the water which is absorbed there will be something which will keep the soil moist whereas a large amount of water will go down to the water table where it will fill that means when it is absorbed in the land there will be specific spaces cavities where the water is collected which are called aquifers so the water which will be infiltrated which will be absorbed in the land will be part of the aquifers in aquifers the water will be stored for thousands of years and now it is said that it has some benefits the first benefit is that the mountainous areas for example in Pakistan there are Murray Hills or other mountainous areas if there is no snowfall if there is no precipitation then in a few years all the springs start to dry till the time there is no precipitation then there will be no infiltration so if there is no infiltration then the water will be stored in the land where the springs form or the planes where the water is stored where the pumps form after infiltration the next step the runoff when the water flows in the runoff it is going towards the ocean and during this time the water will be evaporated the water which is infiltrated in that the ground water table will fill it now the aquifers in the land they will flow towards the ocean in this the water will flow towards the ocean and ultimately it will reach to the ocean till the ocean how much time it will take it may take thousands of years it can take thousands of years in the subsurface flow the water the ultimate destination where it starts this is the ocean this is the diagram where we can see all the steps of the water cycle let me start from the evaporation from the ocean from the ocean to the maximum where the water will evaporate and the clouds will form from this the plan will be transpiration and the ice caps will be sublimation the sublimation is that the ice will convert directly to the vapors it does not become water from the ice but it becomes vapors directly from the ice ultimately on the second step the clouds formation after that on the third step the clouds will precipitate down and the water will run off the water will flow on the ground the water will infiltrate the underground water the underground water the springs will come out of the ground again but something that will be stored in the aquifers and ultimately it will flow after thousands of years it will reach to the oceans when in oceans again this process will recycle the water cycle will be completed