 Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that grow attached to surfaces and are difficult to treat due to their resistance to antibiotics and other drugs. Over the past few decades, scientists have developed various models to study these communities, ranging from simple in vitro experiments to complex in vivo models of tissue or device-related infections. These models have provided valuable insights into the physiological processes involved in biofilm formation and growth, but there is still much to learn about how they interact with the host environment. Recent advances in our understanding of biofilm-host interactions have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat biofilm-related infections. This article was authored by Christoph Beloyne, Olaya Rendwails, David Lebeau, and others.