 We measured psychological distress with the caseless six, which is a non-specific measure of distress, generalized distress, and it can pick up on some symptoms that might be antecedents to mental health diagnoses. So that's generalized anxiety or major depression or something like that. Our other measure that we used was a culturally specific tool called the multi-dimensional model of Maori identity and cultural engagement, and we used a measure called Maori cultural efficacy. That refers to the way that Maori can engage in their culture, so the way that Maori understand how to speak te reo or te kanga Maori, which is our protocols, our customs, concepts of whanau natanga, why do all that kind of stuff within te ao Maori, which is the Maori world. We did our study on soul identifying and mixed Maori Europeans. The reason we looked at these two different groups is because a lot of the research in the past has homogenized Maori and treated us as if we're just one group, one people, when really we're quite diverse people and we're living in a colonized reality, so we have to understand the forces of colonization and assimilation with reference to different Maori experiences. I am a Maori woman and this research is fundamental to come from a Maori perspective and the co-papa really is to do something meaningful for Maori and something that, you know, a lot of the research that's coming out is stuff that whereas Maori already know, it's about validating our perspective and kind of letting our voice be out there in the realm of research and ultimately out in the public to promote some change. Going along with the co-papa that our culture is our cure or is a protective resource, we found that people with higher levels of cultural efficacy had more psychological resilience, so that's lower levels of psychological distress. It's really important to validate that finding because, you know, we controlled for things like deprivation and gender and age and employment status and despite all those things, culture, being engaged in Maori culture really was a protective and buffering part of, you know, not having to deal with the adversity of psychological distress. The importance with our findings was that that high level of cultural efficacy was present for both mixed Maori Europeans and for sole identifying Maori. However, whether you had a high or low level didn't change much for mixed Maori Europeans. We think that this might be because mixed Maori Europeans are able to access resources within the Pakeha Society as well as Maori society or maybe just Pakeha Society, which might be different to people who solely identify as Maori. What we found with sole identifying Maori is people with low level of cultural efficacy, so that's, you know, less ability to engage in Te Ao Maori. They had a 0.5 difference in psychological distress. Now the K6 only ranges from 0 to 4, so a point, well, nearly a 0.5 difference can really tip you over whether you're going to get a diagnosis further along the track. So, yeah, that finding was quite something that we were concerned about and that, you know, it does validate that culture is a really important resource for Maori to have for our well-being. This research validates a perspective that Maori have held for a very long time. It's a long-standing idea that our culture is our cure. We know that. It's important that we validate it through, you know, getting our participants our data from nationally representative sources, you know, across the nation. We've tried to have a data set that reflects who Maori are in all our diversity. We did only look at sole identifying Maori and mixed Maori Europeans, but validating that culture is a really important protective resource for our psychological health. That's something that it's a drop in the ocean, but it's a big ocean and as long as we are contributing something and kind of making it more visible and making people more aware of what Maori need, you know, I think that's worth it.