 The first speaker is Alejandro Echeverde, who is the architect and director of special projects for the municipal company of Urban Development, Medellin. I want to first thank the London School of Economics, the Dutch Bank, Richard, Philip and Ayako, who were the people who have invited us to share this experience of Medellin. This has been a work of many people. I am only a representative of a very large team that has been led by a person who should be here and who was invited by Sergio Fajardo. I am going to talk about two or three things in the context of the political issue of the city to enter the technical issue, which is the one that competes with me. Fajardo arrived at the mayor in 2004 through a civic movement, which was completely unthinkable in our city. He was leading a process that sought transparency, security and confidence in a new way of making the policy that was invested and that was worked in the city. The focus of this challenge is the issue of education. The reason you see the yellow on the screen, Medellin the most educated, understood in a broad sense, including urban transformations, civic programs, was the most important. And we define our urban policy as social urbanism, urbanism as the medium to make definitive transformations that incorporate multiple processes. It is not the ultimate goal, the architecture of urbanism, although we always seek the best quality of design for the poorest areas of the city. Two problems in the notes of Fajardo mayor, deep inequalities that many Latin American cities have, and violence, which in the case of Medellin was absolutely traumatic. You can see here the square of indicators of violence in 1991, the most violent city in the world, with 380 violent deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2002 we continued with 184 violent deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, which was absolutely worrying. And last year we reached 26, for us it is a great achievement, but there is still a very big future challenge. This is an image of Medellin, taken from the towns of the north, in the upper part of the mountains. Medellin is a narrow valley that has a long river. At the bottom are the areas of the south of the high classes, which I am not going to talk about today. In the center of the city, we are not going to talk about, many policies have been implemented in recent years. I am going to talk about the last 5 years of the city, of public policies, and I will focus on where we are standing in the image. Two immense challenges, how to connect the big differences of the center consolidated and developed in the central axis of the valley, with all the neighborhoods in the towns and in the upper part of the city. The plan of human development indicators, which for us has been very important, the clear green areas are the poorest, the dark green areas are the richest areas of the city. The challenge in a simpler way was to darken the clear green areas. The physical transformation was concentrated with a management instrument, which for us was very important, and it was the urban development company of the city. In this company, it coordinated and managed resources, planning and execution, as a transversal structure with the different centers of the mayor. Four great strategies were, in some way, the policies that we have implemented and that continue today. The first program, all in the framework of education and culture, large library parks, public schools and equipment for the poorest areas, the second, to invest all the capacity of the state in the most violent areas of the city, the urban projects, the housing program in the risk areas, I am going to touch on it very lightly, and the last point, which we are not going to talk about today, is how to connect these specific actions with transportation systems and the urban public space of great importance. There are some aspects that I want to mention. The urban project as a complex project that leads an action in the territory that incorporates social actions. The urban projects require a special management, and that is what we call urban management, management by territory that coordinated a team of architects and technicians and engineers, communicators and sociologists. Medellin in the 70s, you see the magnitude of the mountains, today more than half of the mountains are invaded and that has been our focus of work. The plan of Parque Biblioteca was focused on this periphery of the high part, five large parks of integrated services, integrated with public transportation systems of great power, the last station of the metro cable that is integrated with the metro, our metro has ten years, the metro cables have started to work two years ago, the peripheral ring of the metropolis that is in construction, connecting the other Parque Biblioteca, as well as the metro system that goes along with two lines, one longitudinal and another transversal. The program of the Bibliotecas is complex, they are integrated services centers for the children, for the people who study, art centers, recreation, really the Biblioteca is simply a name, they were made for a national public contest, here we see the Biblioteca of San Javier, that goes up to the commune 13 in 2004, we had a very strong urban war, and that connects with the new transport system in the metro station that arrives here at this point. The Quintana Biblioteca, which starts the recovery of the natural system with a park that is also important, that connects the two neighborhoods, is in the upper part of the west, the Lalladera Biblioteca, where the old prison of men of the city was, meaning the place, and the Spain Biblioteca on the other side, in the north-eastern part, in the most violent part of the city, connecting with the transportation system. The most important thing happens in the territory, that here in this image is not seen, six times the investment of the metro cable is what is being invested in social programs and recovery. The Biblioteca, the new school that connects with urban walks that we will see later, giving it a legible structure to these places that they did not have. They have become activity centers, very important. A topic that I will not extend, 132 schools reformed, also in the poorest areas of the city, with the best equipment, with the open school concert, that have been transformed into new public spaces, recovering the neighborhoods of the city, against the exclusion and inequality. The program of integral urban projects, which is perhaps the most important in our area, in some way critical of the city, insecure, that have three components, the institutional component, the social component and the physical component, as an action center. First comes the transportation system, and the transportation system is accompanied by a large amount of interventions of public space, physical, that are coordinated with detailed studies, where the sense of place is restructured, with new urban walks, new bridges, that connect the neighborhoods with the city and with the recovered systems, meaning the site. They have made community participation, development centers, rural areas, sports equipment, libraries like new services, schools, and they have worked with the people. This is the mayor of Fajardo, with a structure that includes a recognition of the place, with the community first, to identify the projects, a community participation process, with imaginary workshops, a phase of implementation, where people participate in this transformation and this execution of the works, and the last phase of animation and appropriation, people from the city are invited to large events that are programmed simultaneously. There is a manual of this, in some way, of these intervention processes. Finally, the way we act in these areas of risk, where there is a very critical settlement process, we try to recover in the site the places, avoiding the risk, replacing more or less 30% of the neighborhoods, localizing public buildings, and building in the open place, improving the buildings in the site, achieving a re-structuring process of the building, where people remain with their affective and economic ties. In this image you can see the process of building recovered in the neighborhood, the buildings without walls closed, the metro station, and in the upper part, the St. Domingo Savio library, like a distant shadow that can be seen. We are going to talk about these other urban recovery processes, structures, transportation systems, this image synthesizes a little the action, the library to the right, the last metro station that connects with the first metro cable to the upper part of the West, transforming with the urban project integral, to achieve new cultural spaces and encounters for all people, connecting the differences of the communities that belonged to different militias, with new symbols of culture. This is a little the very quick theme of some examples of many other projects that we have done in the city. It has been tried to combine physical transformation with social urbanism in the framework of educational and cultural projects to achieve that these children have the same opportunities as our children. Thank you very much. The thing that I am struck by was the thing that you passed very quickly and spoke of for five seconds, and that is you have a new mayor, you had a mayor who had a vision, and through a democratic process came into leadership and brought very talented new people like yourself, and when that happens, we sometimes get this, which is really quite fantastic.