 on those lines. Let's say Lord fill us with your word, fill us with your spirit this morning and we want to sing of your mercies and yes Lord our mouths will make known your faithfulness to all generations, your faithfulness to those around us and your faithfulness to generations and of course the Lord will give us ideas how to make that happen when it comes to generations that means that you and I have to record it somewhere, the faithfulness of God, maybe record a song, maybe a blog or write something down, put something down so that it stays for generations and speaks of the faithfulness of God in our lives. Okay let's pray. Father we thank you. Yes Lord we just want to thank you for who you are Lord, a loving God, living God, not just an abstract theory or something God but someone whom we can go to, someone who we can pour our hearts to and someone who listens to us and also who speaks to us and therefore Lord we can listen and receive and be strengthened and Lord in our lives journey. We just want to thank you for all that you do for us God, all that you are Lord, with your mere presence of Father God you speak volumes Father God into our hearts and this morning we ask that you will make us people who will sing of your mercies, that you will make us people who will testify, declare your faithfulness Lord to everyone around and we thank you that for all the faculties and the abilities that you've given us God and I just pray that even as we submit ourselves Lord into your awesome, powerful hands God I pray that you will cause us, cause these things to multiply, I pray that you will cause us to really grow in boldness and courage and wisdom and understanding and cause us to Lord be that spokesperson, be the ambassadors and be Lord your mouth be so God to the generations. We thank you for this awesome privilege that all of us have, we thank you, we give you all the praise and all the glory, in Jesus' matchless name we pray amen amen. Okay, so biblical preaching we've been spending our time looking at ministering God's word and also about the New Testament minister that was a last session, about the New Testament minister and how he asks vessels of honor in his hands. As ministers how do we prepare ourselves, how do we position ourselves, how do we equip ourselves and we've been looking at several things. So today let's look at, we're going to a kind of practical aspects of the course which is pairing a message and presenting a message and delivering a message. So it's all good, it's all interesting. So we're in chapter nine and this is page 22 of the notes, chapter nine page 22 and we're looking at preparing, preparing the message, putting together what God gives us and some things to keep in mind. What we're going to look at a couple of points that we're going to share is, we're going to look at this, it could be an overlap from earlier but let's just look at those things. First thing that we see is that God draws out what we put in or what he writes or what we allow him to write upon our hearts. God draws that out and I don't know if you've seen an Indian well, which I have a picture of that in the sense in my mind, an Indian well which has a pulley and which you let down a bucket or a vessel and then you kind of pull it out. I guess that's, I mean, the universally fills our in other parts but I have that picture in my mind and probably something like that would help where there's a lot of things that, a lot of instruction, wisdom, understanding that the Lord pours out into our hearts, fills our heart. The Colossians 3 talks about, let the Word of God dwell in us richly, abundantly, and the Spirit of God being filled with the Spirit of God. So what the Lord does is pull out, draw out what he has already put in. So what we've invested our time in, what we have given ourselves to, Romans 6, I think it's 13 talks about, present your members. We present our members, we present everything, our mind, listening ability, present ourselves as a living sacrifice. We present ourselves to God as instruments of righteousness and the Lord does something. He speaks, He puts things, right things in our hearts and He draws that out when it comes to that time when we need to share or there are things that He wants us to share to the right audience at the right time and so on. So He draws that out. So that's something that we need to understand. So what do I speak on? What do I share on? Well, just check what has the Lord put in your heart? What has he been speaking about? What has he been putting in your heart? And sometimes we get so under pressure to, maybe if you're sharing every other week or every month and you're wondering, okay, what should I speak on? Well, the thing is to always check, what is the Lord being speaking to me? What has he been putting? What have I been studying? What is it that has been making sense to me? And what has he been, what are the things that he's been highlighting? And for some, it could be, maybe for a particular season, it could be just your testimony, just your testimony of how you came to know the Lord. Well, that's something that he probably is highlighting and that's something that's been coming alive. It could be just that, that could be the message. And so he draws out what is already put into our hearts for us. It's important to remember that. Second and third thing is that, always think about, look at the Reema and the logos. We know what the Reema is, the logos is. We've looked at those terms. To understand logos is the, it means a discussion. It means a trail of thought. It means a discourse. But when we look at the written scriptures, we can refer to it as the logos. And Reema being the quickened word, the efficient six, the sword of the spirit. Okay. The word used there is Reema. And I think somebody's mic is on. And also, if you look at, you know, the Lord saying, mentioned not lived by bread alone, but by every Reema. So every quickened word that comes from the logos, he quickens the logos to our hearts. He highlights the logos. And that becomes the Reema to us, right? So be aware of that. You know, there might be seasons, there might be opportunities where we share the principles, right? Where we need to, maybe it's like a study, right? Maybe a book study that we do, which is of great value, right? And we're going to look at that, something like an expository teaching where we do a verse by verse, extended passages and so on. So there is the value in ministering, you know, the logos, the study, we look at the principles, we look at the meaning of the words, we look at the context, we look at the, you know, all that and we look at that. But also, there is a value in sharing the Reema, which is the quickened word of God, right? Be aware of, be sensitive to how the Lord leads. And it could be that even when you're, when we are studying, you know, the doing an expository teaching, there could be moments that the Lord highlights and gives a Reema from what we are studying, right? And we looked at this, you know, the third point, which is a word in season, a quickened word, a prophetic word, right? So I won't go into that. So be sensitive to the Spirit leading towards that. Make a note of that. What is it that he's emphasizing? What is it that he, what is it that he's highlighting? Okay, the other thing is to study the word of God. Okay, not just read, but also study, and we know the difference between that, right? The difference is to go into that question, understand, and find out. And something like what we, what we normally, you know, do, if you're doing a book study, if you're, you know, if you're typically a book study, where we study the word of God, like you find out the background and all that. So study the word of God, have a single topic or a theme. These are some practical aspects, because it will help the listener to focus. It will help, it'll help us, those who are, as people who are presenting, to also present it in a meaningful, organized way. So a topic or theme, which could have several other sub topics or, you know, points. Now, it's good to substantiate or, you know, give weightage for each of the things that we are sharing, whatever we are sharing, if we back it up with scripture. Okay, so let's say we're making a, you know, making a point, you're sharing something about God being good. So it's, it's important that we share from the word, okay, what does scripture talk about God being good? Okay, well, God himself might be testifying and saying, this is who I am, you know, or people testifying to the goodness of God. So look at scripture and, and it's good to share or, I won't say it's, it's, it's important. And I wouldn't just say it's good, it's, it's important to share, back it up with scripture. So what happens is that when people see, it is in the word. Okay, so what we are sharing is not just opinions. What we're sharing is not just, you know, a common knowledge or, or understanding or some, you know, cultural traditional thing, but it is here as the eternal truth. Right, when we share that, then it makes an impact, primarily because the, the word of God anchors us, the word of God transforms us, transforms us, you know, we looked at how the word of God is living, the word of God is alive, it's powerful, and the word of God carries the power of God, and so on. So, and the, and the Lord looks, watches over his word to fulfill, okay, to fulfill the word. So he watches over the word, the word, his word, his promises to fulfill it. So, and also faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God. So it's the word of God that produces faith, the truth that we communicate based on the word of God that produces faith in us, when the Holy Spirit, you know, quickens to our hearts, that produces faith. So it's important that we base it on the word, that we back up whatever we are stating with the word of God. Of course, there might be times when we are saying something which is of our opinion, you know, this is, hey, this is what I experienced, this is what my, you know, my experience is, and it's good, it's good to say that it's good to share that. But it's important that some of the key things that we are sharing, that we back it up with scripture. Okay, so stay focused on the theme of what is the topic. We'll use illustrations or real life examples, but use them cautiously. Because, you know, well, our experience, one thing to understand is our experience could be because of many factors, it could be because of disobedience, it could be because of our foolishness, it could be because of our obedience and experiences. So our experience need not always be the experience of others. So when we testify, we can just give a disclaimer, this is how the Lord led and led me, and these are things that he helped me, and you can testify. So be a little cautious about that. You know, one example is, and also knowing that human beings are, you know, not infallible. I remember we did a outreach with schools sometime back, this is in my hometown. We were in our youth group, youth fellowship, right? And as part of that, we had organized, we wanted to go to many schools, and this was when a cricket World Cup, was one of the cricket World Cups, was happening. So we had, you know, we had clippings of sports people who had testified to become believers. And so we were, you know, showing those clips and talking about the Lord. So it was good. But the fact is that one of the cricketers that we had, you know, shown was Hansy Cronier, and was a South African cricketer. And we, you know, I don't think it's soon after that, but eventually, you know, it so happened that he had a fall in the sense he admitted to some match fixing, he admitted to receiving money in order to tamper with the results of a game and betting and so on. So, and yeah, he really confessed, right? He confessed to that. But the thing is that we were, it was wondering, you know, what impact would it have in those young impressionable minds when they see that, okay, you know, we had shared about this saying that, hey, this is, this is a person, even Hansy Cronier is, you know, a follower of Jesus. And then, you know, outcomes, this kind of story. Well, will the kids be mature enough to handle it? You know, they are not yet made a commitment to the Lord. They do not yet know that, yes, you know, even as a follower of Jesus, that, you know, as a human being, you are prone to temptation, etc. But then, you know, we need to overcome. So those kinds of things, right? So even when we are using testimonies, we don't really elevate the person, put the, you know, make that testimony a celebrity rather. You know, sometimes, as churches, we, you know, we are in the danger of doing that, right? We're saying, oh, wow, this is it. This person is, you know, the greatest gift to mankind kind of thing. But, you know, really, humanly, you know, when you look at it, we know that the person has faults. And just like anyone else, and which is trying to overcome, he's also, he or she is also the work in progress. So, so use testimonies cautiously. Like Paul says, in 1 Corinthians 2, he says, you know, he intentionally made sure that the faith of the Corinthian church will be in the power of God, right? He exposed them to an encounter with God. He taught them from the word. We know that he spent about 18 months or so there teaching them. But he intentionally made sure that their faith, their trust, their dependency will be on the power of God, okay? And not on the wisdom of man. And we see that the church had a problem, right? Church was elevating men or personalities, ministers of God, and above what was actually required. And because of that, it was causing split division of the church. They were elevating men. And that was causing someone saying, I'm of Paul, I'm of Apollos, I'm of Cephas, and we read about that, right? So Paul writes and says, this is what I did. I intentionally kept back from, you know, made sure that your faith should be in the power of God. Okay, so that's one of the reasons why we are careful about using real life testimonies. We must use and we can share stories inspiring definitely, but and be careful about the way you communicate that, right? Okay. The other thing is, sorry, the other thing is to minister at the spiritual level of our audience. Okay, so you know where they are at spiritually. You know, are they mature to handle the topic? Or are you communicating in a manner that is relevant to them? Are they new believers? Are they mature believers? Are they seed believers? You know, some of, sometimes we have the luxury of knowing that, right? You already, you're already told, okay, this is the group. And this is the history of the group there, you know, and, and so you know, okay, these, in your mind, you, you can, you know, you know that, okay, this is, this is where they are spiritually. This is what they are not exposed to. And so, you know, maybe, maybe you want to talk about, you know, the power of God, want to talk about the, you know, the power of the Holy Spirit. And you realize that this is not, this is a group which is not exposed to, you know, such things, then you, you know, cautiously, you know, take those small steps so that they're able to first come to, you know, come to an understanding that, that God wants to pour out his spirit and you're giving scriptural proof of that and then bring them to a place to receive, right? So, receive from him. So, know the spiritual level of the audience. And of course, when we depend on the Holy Spirit, since he knows, knows the need of the people, he will put in our hearts, he will lead us, right? So, minister at the level of the audience. Okay. Any questions, any, any additional thoughts on this? These are some very practical things, right? Okay. Okay. If not, we'll, we'll keep going. Okay. So, let's look at the different types of sermons and also, you know, we'll probably have some time to go into, you know, the sermon construction, putting it together. Now, now I just want to, you know, make a disclaimer here, you know, these, what we are looking at is practical wisdom, of course, you know, and this is what has developed over the years, you know, right from the time of systematic theology and, you know, so this is developed over the years. And well, no chapter verse, of course, there are examples of, you know, like we studied the sermons, which are there and so on. So, so that's the thing. So, these are, well, these are good models for us to, for us to follow, for us to develop messages on, or for us to study as well. These are good models and, and we can use it, but there's no hard and fast rule that you, you know, you, you need to do this or you need to do one of this. If not, it's not a sermon. Well, no one can really say that, right? It is just to help, it has its advantages, it helps the audience, it helps, it helps in presenting. So, so with that in mind, we are looking at, you know, these, these kinds of sermons. Okay. So the first one would be a topical sermon. And as the name suggests, a topical sermon is where it's based on a topic, right? Let's say a topic could be forgiveness, right? Or the grace of God, or the mercy of God, or the love of God. No, these are topics. And these could be like, this could be doctrines as well, like the teachings of the church, foundational doctrines, right? The mercy of God, the grace of God, the love of God, the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and what else, you know, what you can think of the work of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament, or, you know, faith. So these are topics. And, and so the points in the sermon, the content of the sermon is based on this topic. It's as simple as that. So the main theme, the main parts of the sermon, the ideas for the sermon come from the subject or the topic. Okay. So the thing is, it does not come from a text or a verse, which is another kind of sermon, right? So it's, it's the topic. So, so, so it comes from that. So the main points come from that, the main subdivisions in the sermon outline come from that. Okay. So, so the thing is that we can have, let's say, five points, six points connected, which, which talk about the topic, which expand our understanding of the topic. And each of those points will have scripture from, you know, it can be from anywhere in the Bible, from the Old Testament, from the New Testament, from the Epistles, wherever from the Psalms. So these contribute or point to the fact or give understanding about the, about the topic, right? So it's a topical sermon. So, and it's, it's, I think it's, it's a very simple way to study the word. It's a simple way to do a Bible study, you know, where we do, you know, we're talking about this, we're talking about faith, and then you do a study. Well, so there are supporting scriptures, which give understanding, which give depth, which give, which widen the scope of the subject. Now, when you look at God's love, okay, well, you see, you can start by saying, okay, God is love, scripture says that God is love. And, and it is in very nature of God to love, right? And then you go on to how the kind of love, the characteristics of the God kind of love, and we can talk about that and how, you know, we have a responsibility and so on, right? So, so these are, this could be the train of thought of a particular topical sermon. So, some advantages, well, it, it, it goes into the depth, you know, it is very focused. So, the advantages is, advantage is that, that you can go however deep you want to, you know, you, you can define it, okay, I just want to, you define the scope of the study, and it can be a real deep study about faith and, you know, you can do that. So, it's, so it enhances the, the teaching or, or the didactic, pedantic, you know, element in preaching, right? So, so that is the, that's, that's one of the advantages, okay? However, because, well, we are presenting some ideas, and then we may or may not back it up with scripture, especially if you don't back it up with scripture, and we are sharing some, you know, thoughts about the topic. There could be, where, there could be instances where we are sharing our own ideas about it. Well, it's good to, you know, again, like I said, it's good to distinguish and differentiate and say, okay, this is what my experience has been, this is what my thoughts are, right? And so, there is, there is a chance that a speaker could share, you know, his or her own views or the talk, and well, if it's unbiased, it's great, but if it is biased, then it won't be accurate, right? So, so that's, you know, that's a thing there that we need to watch out for, okay? Well, it depends on the scope of the study, and, you know, the time given to it, it can be, it can have the depth, but also it can, it can be shallow as well, where you, you know, where you teach about four things, five things about a particular subject and not really be able to cover the entire, you know, in the entire information within the time, so that it can work both ways, right? So, since the emphasis is on the subject, okay, so some examples, you know, I just want to, if you want to look at the notes, page 24, you know, a typical topic could be reasons for unanswered prayer, okay? Reasons for unanswered prayer, and so we're looking at the reasons. Now, while there could be many reasons, because of time, because of the scope of, you know, what we have studied and what we have understood, you know, here the outline has about six reasons, okay? Six reasons for unanswered prayer, and, you know, it's from everywhere, from James, from Psalms, from the Gospel, from Proverbs, from Epistle of Theta, and so on, so it's a good outline, it's a good study, it will be encouraging, it will be edifying to the person, right? So, but the thing is, it is limited in its scope, it can be, you know, it can be exhaustive as well, but we know that for, in a message, you know, if you're doing a one-off message, then there are certain limitations of time, you know, 45 minutes, one hour, whatever, but whereas if you're doing a series, then you have the luxury of, well, going into the depth and expanding the scope of the topic, right? So, yeah, so this is a typical, topical sermon, okay? So, let's say, you know, we can talk about different topics of the same, you know, different topics, and come out with an outline for a topical sermon. So, I just want us to probably take some time to think of a topic, okay? You know, what is a topic that you can think of that you'd like to share, you know? And we'll use that topic for, you know, when we get into the details of sermon construction and, you know, when we are presenting a sermon and taking time to do that as a class, we'll use that. So, think of a topic, okay? What is it that, let's say, if you're doing a topical study, not a topical sermon, what is that topic that you would like to, you know, that you would like to focus on, okay? Just think about that and just work on that, okay? So, yeah, so let's go on to the second one. The second one is a textual sermon, okay? Now, a textual sermon, typically, it's based on the text, meaning it could be a verse, you know, maybe a, you know, maybe a passage, right? So, that's a textual sermon. So, all the points of the sermon are from that text, mostly from that text. Well, it does, you could have, you know, you could have a point where you're getting a text or you're getting a scripture reference from any other portion of the Bible also. There's no nothing hard and fast, but the points are from the text only, right? So, you have the text and the entire sermon is based on that text, okay? So, for example, a typical textual sermon could be, you know, let's say John 3.16, right? So, for God, so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life. Now, the entire sermon is from this text, okay? So, that would be a typical textual sermon. So, the points, the ideas, the thought of the sermon come from the verse itself, okay? It's not from anywhere else, it's from the verse. So, I'm sure you've heard of such messages also. You've heard such messages also or maybe you've reached such messages where it's just one verse and well, God, just put that in your heart and that's the message, okay? So, God, so loved the world and I'm just reading, you know, God, so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life. So, you're talking about, you could be, you know, some of the thoughts, some of the main ideas there could be about the love of God and how He loves the world. So, you begin to explain each of them, right? You begin to talk about the world and what the world comprises of. I mean, you can go anywhere with that, right? You could talk about the nature of the kind of people who are there in the world, give examples, people who are hurting, confused, angry, you know, rebellious, so on, you know. These are in the world but God loves them. You're talking about the kind of love that God has and well, you go into what resulted out of that love? Well, He gave, right? He wanted to give, He wanted to change. There's a solution. So, He gave, you know, out of that love He gave, generous God giving something of great value, great price and He does that. And who did He give? What was that? That gift was this only begotten Son. So, you can talk about that, explain that and what would happen and of course the gift is given to the world but what is required of the recipient, right? What is required of the recipient? First of all, of course to receive but in what manner does one receive? Whoever believes in Him and this would be the result that they would not perish but have everlasting life. So, the whole entire message, the entire, all the points of the message are focused on the verse or it could be a couple of verses and these are, you know, typically this, well, in a way you're studying the verse, maybe you can touch about the context, you know, of course you'll be talking about, this is a part of a conversation that Nicodemus had with Jesus and you could go into, you know, why did he come by night? He was a Pharisee and so on. So, and they were not readily accepting Jesus but he, you know, was curious. He wanted to know those questions. He came and during the course of that conversation, you know, was this revelation and this message from the Lord Jesus. So, you will look at background but not so much but just look at that right and then share. So, it's really wonderful when we do that. Sometimes, you know, a word in season, a prophetic word, a timely word would fall under this category where the entire message is word in season. The entire message is a prophetic word. It's something that is highlighted and it's limited to maybe one, two, three verses. And so, it's wonderful. We can probably give a title to that sermon and then go from there and preach it. So, many, many such messages, you know, we see are, oh, you've heard and these are good. These are inspiring. These are, you know, really faith producing and very encouraging, right? Messages and I'm sure you heard those as well. So, just wanted to know, you know, have you, were you able to think of a topic yet? Okay, you're still working on it? Okay, so we'll look at it in the next class then. You know, next class when you come, think of a topic that you want to speak on, that you want to develop a sermon outline on. Okay, so like I said, you know, a topic could be God's love, God's forgiveness, God's mercy. We'll just try and make sure that there are no duplicates so you can share it. You can just put it in the chat probably next class and then we'll arrive at that. So, or maybe I'll just put a link and you can share it in that Google Sheet. Okay, so you know that there are, someone has already taken it on a first come, you know, basis, so already somebody's taken the topic you, so you pick something else, you choose something else. Okay, so I'll put that link there after the class. Okay, so the third one, the third type of sermon is what we would call an expository sermon. Okay, now an expository sermon is one in which it is more of a study. Okay, it's more of a, it goes into the depth. It could be running up to, you know, maybe a couple of chapters, maybe three chapters or four, or it could be an entire book. Right, it could be the entire book itself. So it's an expository study of, let's say, the book of Romans or book of Acts. And so it would, you spend time on the author, the time period, the background, the cultural background, the historical background, the geography of the places even, and also go from verse to verse. So there's an opportunity to look at certain words. So this word actually gave us, what did the author intend to the original audience? We look at such questions or we try to decipher those things. Yes, today in a contemporary thing, this doesn't seem to make sense. But then what was the original intention? We see several verses like that. Like, for example, when we looked at the ministry of the evangelist past teacher class, women in ministry, for example, you know, let your women keep silence and you know, that, well, such an instruction today would be, and I'm sure, you know, people, when they today, today's people study that they say, so offended, or Ephesians five, you know, the wife's subject to your husband's, you know, people get so offended. But you know, when you study the light of, and why it was said, and you know, when you get into the depths of that, and then you understand that. So an expository sermon would be that. Okay. So some of the advantages is that it produces, or the audience becomes grounded in the word. Okay, grounded in scripture, Bible taught congregation, right, is what is the outcome of such a expository teaching. So it is, it could have several themes running, you know, like, suppose you're doing a series, and, and, you know, on a particular day, you're studying, you know, chapters one to three, and, you know, chapter or, you know, within those chapters, you realize that there are certain themes that are, you know, running through, like, for example, one Corinthians 12, 13, 14, right, we've seen that. So it's about the whole aspect of gifts, its usage in church. So the theme is, you know, the gifts of the spirit and the right usage in the church and so on. So, so you see that it could have several themes. If you're doing a book study, you see several themes like that. And so, you know, we'll be addressed, you could be addressing one theme at a time, or at the most, you know, two themes at a time, and you could talk about that. And then, you know, we are, we're seeing that the points in the sermon are really, it could be diverse, but then it's, it's from that theme, right. And also it, you know, it gives, it gives a certain depth to our understanding of the, of the subject. And so, so, right, so we could, you know, so that that's a great way to study the word. And, and many congregations do that, or at least have an expository, a season of expository teaching, right, which would be good. You know, you have some, let's say, a thematic study. And, you know, in a church, you could have a one-off inspirational word and season, kind of a message. And you could, we could also have expository, you know, teachings and messages. So, a good combination of this would really benefit the hearer, benefit the church, right. So, so these are some ways by which these are some sermon outlines, or sermon types of sermons that we can look at, right. Okay, so the difference between a textual, yeah, I think there's a question. Yeah, Chris, yeah, go ahead, Chris. Sorry. For the topic that we need to select, Pastor. Yeah. Do we need to present that at some kind of this, of this, this class? And when would that happen? Yeah, so we, we'll work on it, you know, as we study the mechanics of sermon construction, we would, we would work on that topic. So, each of you would personally work on that topic. And yeah, we'll just see how best to present it, you know, because if the numbers are, you know, large. So, we'll just try to work that out. I remember last semester, last year when we did this particular subject, people just did videos and uploaded them. So we could, like I could watch the videos and, you know, so I'll, I'll share that, you know, we could either present a few in class or we could, you know, I could just watch the videos and give input and feedback based on that. So, yeah, so you, but you could develop a sermon as if you're going to preach to a, you know, an audience, right. So, so you think of that, have that in mind. Yeah. Right. Thank you. Right. Okay. Right. So, any, any other questions, any other doubts? I think it's, it's kind of clear, you know, topic, textual, expository, it's kind of expanding. The difference between textual and expository, of course, is that, you know, in, it has similarities in the text, in the sense that, you know, the, the main themes, the main points are from the text, right. It's unlike the topical study, it's from the text, but the difference would be, I guess, the difference would be the volume of text that we are, you know, actually studying, because the typical textual sermon would be one verse or a couple of verses, whereas expository, intentionally, we are looking at, you know, we're looking at vast portions of scripture, right. So, that would be a main, main difference, right. Okay. Okay. Another thing is that when we're doing expository study, of course, we might have, we might refer to other portions of scripture, but very rarely, right. We are, we're looking at, we are most of the time confining ourselves to, you know, that section or that book. And, yeah, we might consider other portions of scripture. Okay. Other, let's say, for example, we are studying the epistle that Paul wrote. You, of course, will, you might look at another epistle that Paul wrote and, you know, for example, the greetings that Paul, you know, you see that there is a common, a commonality, like he's talking about the grace of God, the peace of God be with you. So, you see that. So, you might just touch upon it, but the actual study will be, you know, the, the, the boundary of that actual study will be the, the scripture portion itself, right. When it comes to expository preaching. Yeah. Okay. So, yeah, so we'll stop here. And the next class, we will get into the mechanics of sermon construction. So when we, when we get into that, you know, you could, you know, actually flesh out your sermon. Right. So, so think of a topic. There are different elements that we look at. And then you can, you know, start working on that side by side. Right. Okay. Okay. We'll stop here. And you guys have a great day. We'll meet again. God bless you. Thank you, pastor. Bye bye. Take care.