 This study proposes a new approach to improving the toughness of cement-based materials. It involves creating a multi-layer structure composed of cement and a hydrogel material. This structure is designed to reduce the stress concentration and dissipate large amounts of energy when fractured. As a result, the toughness of the material is greatly improved. Additionally, the material has low thermal conductivity and density, as well as self-healing capabilities, making it ideal for applications such as thermal insulation, seismic high-rise buildings, and long-span bridges. This article was authored by Yuan Chen, Yang Zeshi Zhen, Yang Jiu, and others.