 What was the genetic makeup of ancient Rome when the Roman Empire controlled the Mediterranean? A 2019 study from Stanford University looked at this question. Compared to the Iron Age Republican period in Rome, the imperial period shows a clear shift to the Eastern Mediterranean. With Rome's genetic makeup being around 4% North African, 40% Eastern Mediterranean, 28% Near Eastern, 4% European and 24% Mediterranean. There is much more to the story, however. Check out my full video on the genetics of ancient Rome by clicking below or going to Celtic history decoded on YouTube. Subscribe for more.