 The response evaluation criteria in solid tumour, resist, system has been used to assess tumour response to therapy via changes in the size of target lesions as measured by calipers. However, resist is sometimes inaccurate in assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy drugs because of the poor correlation between tumour size and treatment-induced tumour necrosis or shrinkage. In the future, more attention should be paid to promoting the clinical translation of molecular imaging. This article was authored by Jingwen Bai, Saichi Cho, and Guajian Zhong.