 Hello. I'm very excited to be here. It's very nice to be in this old venue where I used to go to school dances in the 90s. So that's nice. And my name is Osa Bjarne-Dell, and I'm trained as an architect, but I work mostly with urban planning and urban design, and working with cities and the development of cities. We always need to think ahead, a long time ahead, because we work with really big-scale projects, and it takes a long time to build them, so we always have long timelines. And so usually, like 20, 30 years ahead, that's nothing out of the ordinary for us. But even in that perspective, Kira and I have quite an exception to have to move a whole city and to do it over the course of 100 years. That's quite something, and it needs a lot of power, deceptions and lies, I think. So... This is Kiruna today. Kiruna is in the north of Sweden. It's about 1,400 kilometers north of Malmö. So it's like north of the Arctic Circle, it's far away. And the city was founded in the year 1900, and it was founded to accommodate the people who moved here to work in the mine with housing. And this mine is a very big mine, and it's very important for the whole Swedish economy, actually. The revenue from this mine, it gives about 1-2% of Sweden's GMP, it's from the revenue, so this is a big national importance, this mine. And that's also why, now that a couple of years ago, they started noticing that the ground on top of the mine was starting to collapse with big deformations. You can see them here. This is actually the mine up here. You can see the deformations, like this moon-like landscape in front of the mine. And the iron ore is kind of like a big slab that goes underneath the city. So now rapidly, this deformation is coming closer and closer to the city of Kiruna. And since the mine is so important, the city has to move. We can't stop mining. And this was kind of what we knew when we, me and my colleagues, we went up to Kiruna about a year ago to take part in, we were invited to take part in a competition, an architectural competition together with nine other teams about how the future city center of Kiruna, what that was supposed to look like. So this is kind of the deformation that they're expecting, the progress of it. And it's kind of, they're running out of time. You can see in 2015, the city starts to fall down. They actually already have to close the train station. And that's disappearing now. And now the city hall is next and in a couple of 10, 15 years, big parts of the city center and another couple of decades, the whole city will be gone. So, and this was kind of what we knew when we went up there a year ago that this was happening. We knew a bit of the history and of course how important the mine is. But as we were, when we were there, we learned a lot about more. We were there for a couple of really intense days, moving around in the city, talking to people. And we learned what this meant for the people of Kiruna. And there were four things that kind of stood out for us. The first thing, of course, is the trauma, the sadness of losing your home, your home city on all these kinds of places that are full with collective and individual memories that are just going to be gone forever. So that's a big thing that has to be handled for the population of Kiruna. But there's also another thing. They've known this has been going on for a while. So many of the people in Kiruna, they're kind of pragmatic and they're used to living in the shadow of the mine. So they kind of are at the station where they want to move on. They want to take action. They want to kind of plan their lives. And they are kind of experiencing a very big frustration now because they're in limbo. They don't know what's going to happen to their town. There's no plan for what we do, where should we move. So there's a big crisis of confidence in the people ruling Kiruna that they can't decide. So they're really frustrated, the people of Kiruna. So that was the first thing that we learned. The second thing is there is no safe ground in all of Kiruna, not in the city and not in the landscape around. Everything is a potential mine. So there's no ground we can trust. And that as an urban designer, it's really stressful. So this, of course, we need to have a very flexible plan. We always do that when we plan. We always need that when we plan for 20, 40, 50 years into the future. There's so much about the future that we don't know. There are so many opportunities and challenges that we can't dream of them now. We just need to have some kind of preparation that are the schemes that we propose can handle them. But this is extreme, of course. And then the third thing that we learned about was this kind of the relationship between the mine and the city. And historically it has been very uneven relationship. The city kind of stands some falls with the mine. They're totally dependent on the mine. But that is slowly starting to change. And like many other businesses around the world, the mining company El Cabe have noticed that they need to get the workforce that they need. And they need more and more skilled workforce. It's getting more and more advanced with the mining, especially as deeper they go down into the mine. These people want, they don't just want to work. So to get, to kind of recruit and keep these people, they need to offer something more. They need to offer a great place to live. So they start to need the city for good housing and for all those other things that comes in living in the city, the urban life. But they also need a city that is self-sufficient that can offer other kinds of employment than working in the mine so that the people can bring their families and their spouses, husbands and wife and everything also can find a job. And that's a really big challenge for Kirina today because there is nothing except for the mine. And the fourth and last thing that we found out was people have been living in this area for thousands of years. So when the city of Kirina was founded about 100 years ago, it was founded just on top of three Sami villages. So they have been migrating their reindeer here for thousands of years when they go from winter to summer camps. And that was not taken into consideration in the year 1900 when they founded Kirina. They just put it on top of their important land. And as Kirina has been developing, they've been more and more squeezed together so they can't really continue their way of life soon. It's getting to be really a problem for them as well. So problems, problems, problems. But still the kind of big feeling that we got from Kirina was also this is a really loved city. And the people of Kirina are extremely proud of their city. And it is a very international city. It's very well connected to lots of other places around the world. And it is this kind of this really gathering of a lot of social and urban overlapping of people and social connections that are kind of put here in the midst of this big, great, arctic landscape. It's something that the people, they love this and they want to stay. They're not just sure that they can. So that's the big problem. And since working with cities or what defines cities actually, it is the people who live there and the kind of social connections that they do, the economical, cultural networks that they build. That is the city. And if we were going to talk about moving a city, to make that a successful move, those connections, networks, that's what we have to move. If we can do that, there is a chance that Kirina can survive this. And that kind of this feeling of, so it goes back to trust. Since they don't trust that there is a plan and that they can stay there, we need to present some kind of vision for the future so they feel that they are secure enough to invest their time and energy and money and commitment into Kirina also in the future. So we need to create the feeling that Kirina is going to be there forever. So that's kind of the vision or the motto that we came up with for our proposal. And now the big question is, how do we get there from the place where we are today to this place where we want to be in the future? So to kind of rally all these different things that needs to happen around a couple of strategies that we all kind of can work with, we came up with these three that's up here, step by step, leave no one behind, and the new ideal city. So I'm just going to go through this briefly. I just need to know how much time I have because I can talk about this forever. But the first one, step by step, and this is about a couple of things, but of course, we thought, first of all, we thought it was really important that through this whole process that Kirina is one city all the time so that we don't start developing like a satellite city center somewhere else that for many years are going to be in, compete with existing. So we needed to be one city as this move goes along. And the other thing is that, well, a city is more, it's not a static thing. It's something that kind of keeps changing all the time. So we need, even though we need this end picture of knowing what would it look like in 100 years, we also really need to know what the first step is going to be. And that's actually the biggest challenge to defining the first step. And we wanted this first step to kind of be grounded in the existing city. And therefore, after, we found this place that was in the east of the existing city center, there was a commercial point and it was, we learned that that was kind of an important meeting place in Kirina today. And that was also along one of the main roads connecting the city center to the airport. So that became our starting point to develop that existing point and then let the new city kind of grow along this existing main road eastwards away from the mine. And as time progresses and that new things fall down in the mine and we need to put new public places, we can put them along this kind of road and making new kind of public nodes along it. And in this way, we can also be flexible in our planning that for each step we can see what is it we want to do right now, what are the challenges we need to work with. So that was the first one, step by step. And this one, leave no one behind, it's a very important one and it has to do with getting all the people of Kirina on board. So we came up with a couple of three different things that we wanted to do to make this happen or at least have the possibility to happen. The first one we call the Kirina dialogue and that's about information, getting the information out to the people of Kirina about what is happening right now and in the long term. And because that was the big frustration and people are different in how we can take in information, also how much we want to kind of interact. Some just want the information, some want to act on it, be able to have a dialogue about it. But we're all different in that way, so we need to both reach out to people and invite them. And we need to use the existing kind of social structures formal and informal that's already in the city to get the information out through them. We need to be with the people out. They shouldn't have to do an extra labor to go and get informed. We need to get the information to them where they are. So that was the first thing. And then we thought of another thing that we wanted to do and this big image is supposed to illustrate something called the Kirina portal. And this is for when you want to take action. You go to the Kirina portal. So this is like both a physical and virtual meeting point where the people of Kirina, businesses, builders, constructors, different kind of developers to meet within the actual projects, the actual things that are going to be the new city centre when they are going to be built and the new companies and whatever. So for instance, we imagine that here is the assembly hall for the new houses. This is where they're going to be built and you can visit and see your new house be built and we can also reuse a lot of the old building materials as the houses are being torn down. And this is both an environmental thing but most of all an emotional thing. You can bring the windows and the beautiful door or an old fireplace or something from your old house and put it in the new and together that would be a richer thing in the future. And then the third thing that we thought of was a Kirina biennale. And this is about talking about your experience and kind of gathering up all the people of Kirina and they can share with the world what is happening to the city and how they're dealing with it. They can invite other cities that are in the same situation or just other people that are interested and they can also talk about the next step. So this was like the third thing that we thought would be important. And all these three things, the dialogue, the portal and the biennale has to do with making the movement of the city centre a collective experience for all the people of Kirina. So it's something that happens to everyone and not just the individuals that are affected at each time of this long process. And the third is the new ideal city. And the reason why we talk about ideal city here is when the existing city centre was created it was actually considered an ideal city. It was very much studied and copied. And it was also the way one of the main things was how it's situated and on this kind of south slope and how it interacts with the climate. It kind of protects from the northern winds and taking the sun and the views of the south. But that is what the situation and the new situation with the new city centre is moving. It has another climate and we are in another time and we need new principles for how we design this new part of the city. And what we wanted to do, of course, was to take this when we talked about to the people of Kirina what they thought was important or what they loved about the city, this kind of combination of this urban density and the social life of the city. And then very closely the big landscape and the open landscape that was this combination of this contrast is what they love about the city. And we wanted that to be there also in the future when the city kind of grows eastward. So this is the structure for the new city as it moves along and it kind of develops along this existing main road. And we try to put as much density and happenings around this core of the city. So this is where as much people as possible are living and working and where they meet and interact. So this is going to be kind of the heart of the city. But then just a couple of blocks out, the city stops in a very sharp edge of the city and you have the landscape. So that's going to be kind of the character of the city. This kind of really quick movement from very dense urbanism to kind of end of the city. And this is then an image of the new city square of Kirina with the new train station, the new city hall. And this is along this kind of main street with the cableway connecting the station to the mine and to the airport. And then just a couple of blocks away, this is the situation where the city kind of builds a front and looks out into the landscape and also invites people into the city. So with these three strategies, we want the kind of aim of working like this is to gather all these different things that need to be happening simultaneously and all these different processes that is moving a city to kind of still have some kind of moving in the same kind of direction or something they can rally around. And they're not just, they don't just handle physical structure but also all the social structures and other things as well. So we can talk about connections and density and dialogue and process and economy and ecology with the same kind of three important strategies. And then the brief of the competition was actually just to look 20 years ahead. And so we did that as well. So this is maybe what Kirina could look like in 20 years. Some of the new kind of urban nodes have been established. But we really, really felt the need to go further. So we wanted to go to the year 21-13. So this is what we imagine it could be if you kind of fly over it in 100 years. They're just getting ready for the 50th Biennale. And the city is now going to develop into a self-sufficient city. And it's like a key city in the Berndt region. The mine is emptied or the old mine is empty. It's been transformed into an astral park and a kind of historical heritage. And the deformations that are closest to the mine has now settled so the rangers can come back and walk in their old tracks again. And, yeah, so we think this could be really, like it's still a city that is really urban but still very well connected to the landscape around it. And just to sum up, why do we need to plan 100 years ahead? It's a bit silly, maybe. And the reason is, of course, as I said in urban planning, we need long timelines. We need to plan on lots of things that we propose. They take a long time to plan. They take a long time to build. There are big political decisions. There are lots of economical things. There are expensive things to do. So we usually need to start planning in them 20 years ahead or something for them to actually be there when we need them. And that's the human aspect of the people living in Kiruna right now to feel. Now in 2013 to feel that in their perspective and the perspective of their children, Kiruna is going to be there forever. And that's important. Thank you.