 Europe has a large variety of venomous and poisonous animals, many of which have the potential to cause serious medical complications if bitten or stung. These include snakes, lizards, frogs, fish, turtles, salamanders, and even some mammal species. Symptoms range from mild irritation to life-threatening conditions such as organ failure and death. Physicians should be aware of these animals and their potential dangers so they can quickly identify and treat any patients who may have been exposed. This article was authored by Giovanni Paulino, Matteo Ricardo di Nicola, Ignacio Avella, and others.