 تفتّه آدك الأيام فتّا وتنح و أقول I will say Who said و أقول محمد محليدين عبد الحميد He said و أقول I will say للافض الكلام معنى يعني The word The word الكلام has two meanings أحدهما one of them is لغوي يون One is the linguistic meaning والثاني the second one is نحوي a grammatical meaning The first one is a linguistic meaning والثاني the second one is a grammatical meaning أما الكلام اللغوي يون as for speech in its linguistic meaning فهو عبارة عما تحصل بسببه فائدة سواء أكان لفظا أم لم يكن كالخط والكتابة والإشارة He said the linguistic definition of the word كلام is عبارة عما تحصل It is that which occurs from it or based on it a benefit whether it is أكان لفظا whether it's utterance أم لم يكن or even if it's not utterance كالخط كالخط like writing والكتابة خط is writing something is written والكتابة is writing والإشارة is to point I want you to brothers realize something very important The grammarians sometimes they fall into matters which can cause harm to your معتقد your عقيدة For us كلام is كلام for us the right definition is حروف It is a sound يشتمل الحروف الهجائية It is a sound that consists the sound that is being used is letters that are taken from the alphabets It has to have a sound Why? Because we want to go against the filthy belief of who the أشاعر the أشاعر what they did was they said that the كلام is something which is نفسي something that's within you Anything that's within you as a poet from them said The كلام is what? Something that's inside you So it's not something that comes out of you Why would they do that? They want to say Allah's speech is something that's within him and he doesn't come out Whereas أهل السنة believe what Allah's speech is what It is sound We believe Allah is heard سبحانه وتعالى وإذا عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة دست عقيدة أهل السنة And the evidence that أهل السنة use on this issue is what The evidence that أهل السنة use is what نبي الله زكريا When Allah told him he's going to have a child when Allah said to him He said to Allah He said to Allah Sorry زكريا He said to Allah قال رب جعلي آية Oh Allah make a sign for me Meaning when my wife is pregnant and she's having a child Oh Allah give me a sign when she becomes impregnated So Allah قال آية The sign that you're going to have is that you're not going to speak to the people So if we take the belief of the أشاعرة then that means نبي الله زكريا what was negated from him The speech is something within you because that was within him What was negated from زكريا is a sound the sound And that is what كلام is Because زكريا He was doing something which is what قال رب جعلي آية قال آية ألا تكلم الناس ثلاثة إلا رمزا You're not going to speak to the people except sign you're going to point at them things So زكريا had something in him that he was getting his message through to the people But the thing that Allah negated from him is that the utterance the vocal sound is not going to be there Okay So you have to be careful When you study books of grammar that has to be very well understood Okay و أما الكلام النحوي As for grammar according to the grammarians Sorry As for speech according to the grammarians is فلا بد من أن يجتمع فيه أربعة أمورين Four things have to be present According to the grammarians Four things have to be present in order for us to say This is a It's a calam It's a speech According to the grammarians The grammarians only can consider this a كلام when there is what When four things are present الأولو The first one is أن يكون لفظن إن شاء الله و تعالى We're going to take that in a bit what love means و الثاني The second one is أن يكون مركبا The second one is that it's مركب We'll take what it means إن شاء الله و تعالى و الثالث The third one is أن يكون مفيدا That it has to be مفيد و الرابع And the fourth one is أن يكون موضوعا بالوضع العربي And we'll take what that means What that means So brothers Pay attention and sisters Four things There has to be present In order for it to be A كلام According to the grammarians The grammarians for them To consider this as a كلام Four things is what they want أن يكون لفظن أن يكون مركبا أن يكون مفيدا أن يكون موضوعا بالوضع العربي Let's go back to لفظن What does لفظن mean? و معنى كونه لفظن We don't have to add anything to it إن شاء الله Everything I'm saying It's here محمد محيدين عبد الحميد و معنى لفظن As for it being A love means أن يكون صوتا It has to be a sound مشتملا That consists of على بعض الحروف الهجائيتي التي تبدأ بالألف و تنتهي باليائي It has to be a sound So it has to be A voice that comes out That consists of The Arabic alphabet Beginning with alif Ending with what التي تبدأ بالألف و تنتهي باليائي That finishes with what With ya And it gives an example و مثاله An example is أحمد That's a word That is a و يكتب It's a word أحمد is a name و يكتب is writing و سعيد And سعيد It's a word فإن كل وحدة من هذه الكلمات سلاثة عند النطقي Those three Each one of them Each one of them Which is أحمد يكتب And سعيد Each one of them From these words عند النطقي When they are pronounced تكون That it will be صوتان It will be a sound مشتملا That consists of على أربعة أحروف هجائية Four Arabic alphabets Or four of them أحمد is four letter يكتب four letters سعيد Four letters So each Each every one of them They consist of Letters that are from the alphabets Each one has four So this is called what When I added it كلم Why? Because it's not I pronounced it فالإشارة مثلا اشارة is to point something out لا تسمى It is not called كلم عند النحوينة According to the grammarians The إشارة pointing at something Is not grammar Why? Why is it not? لعدم كونها صوتان Because it is not a sound مشتملا مشتملا A sound that consists of على بعض الحروف Some of the letters وإن كانت Even that though تسما Even that though It is called عند اللغوية According to the The language The linguistics Even that is called A speech لحصول الفائدة بها because there is benefit That comes out of it And did we agree with that? We don't agree with that Good ومعنى So this أن يكون اللفظان We realize what it means لفظان means أن يكون صوتا مشتملا على بعض الحروف الهجائية التي تبدأ بالألف وتنتهي باليائي That's it What does it mean مركبا The second condition was وأن يكون وأن يكون مركبا ومعنى كونه مركبا The meaning بي مركب means أن يكون مؤلفا من كلمتين It has to be مجتمع لفظان أو أكثر أو أكثر The second one مركب مركب means أن يكون مجموعة It means أن يكون مجموعة من أكثر أكثر مثل محمد مصافر محمد is a محمد is a شراف الله محمد زي مبتدى مصافرون is a خبر So we have محمد مصافرون How many does it consist of It's a compounded How many does it consist of محمد which is one and the second one which is مصافر Number two والعلم So the second one is العلم نافع beneficial knowledge العلم العلم نافع We have here what We have Two words Which is العلم And we have نافع It's مركب It's a word ويبلغ المجتهد المجد We have Three here يبلغ One Is to reach المجتهد المجتهد المجتهد is going to reach المجتهد is the one who is striving He will reach what He is going to reach what ويبلغ يبلغ One المجتهد Two المجتهد Three So it's three words right So it's more than two It's a kalem Next one is لكل مجتهد نصيب For every مجتهد He gets a portion of his efforts So the word what is لكل One مجتهد And we have نصيب Or you can say لكل كل مجتهد نصيب نعم و العلم خير ما تسعى إليه العلم One خير Two ما Three إليه Four Five Sorry Yeah Five العلم خير ما تسعى إليه So العلم One خير Two ما Three تسعى Four إليه Five So what do we have here? The sheikh brought two He brought three He brought four And he brought five And even more If you want That's a kalem و كل عبارة All of those sentences من هذه العبارات تسمى كلاما It is called a kalem Why? و كل عبارة منها مؤلفة من كلمتين أو أكثر Because it consists of more The two words or more فالكلمة الواحدة لا تسمى كلاما One word is not called a kalem So for example if I say محمد That's not a kalem عند النحات according to the grammarians إلا unless إذا انضم إليها غيرها unless something else accompanies it انضم is to accompany unless another word accompanies it It doesn't become a kalem سواء أكانا ضمام غيرها إليها حقيقة Whether that accompanying or for it to be accompanied whether it's literal like the previous examples أو تقديرا or it is what Whether it's explicit or implicit It doesn't matter What does it mean? Explosive we just saw it محمد المسافر العلم نافع يبلو المجتهد المجتهد المجد لكل مجتهد النصيب العلم خير ما تسعى إليه So that's all حقيقة You can all see those You can count yourself تقديرا means what? تقديرا means كما إذا قال لك قائن It is like when a person says to you من أخوك Who's your brother And you say محمد You say محمد Somebody comes up to you And says to you من أخوك Who's your brother And you reply by saying محمد He is تقدير What is تقدير? فهذه الكلمة تعتبر كلاما That you just said by itself It is considered a calam لأن تقديرا Because what is implicit meaning it cannot be seen is محمد أخي محمد is my brother is what you're saying Because the person said to you من أخوك And you're saying محمد أخي فهي في التقدير With the word أخي is implicit فهي في التقدير عبارة مؤلفة من ثلاث كلمات And it's hidden في التقدير عبارة مؤلفة And it's a sentence that consists of what consists of three words Which is what محمد أخ أن ي The yeah by itself It's the Bameer that comes back to you All more we can do that ومعنى كونه مفيدا So we have three already أن يكون لفظا أن يكون مركبا The third one is what أن يكون مفيدا What does مفيدا mean? It means أن يحصن سكوت المتكلم عليه It is the person It will silence them The one who is listening to you Who you're talking to It will silence him بحيث لا يبقى سامع منتظرا لشيء آخر The one who is listening to you is not waiting for you to add on anything For example, if you say to him فلو قلتا if you say إذا حضر الأستاذ If the teacher comes and you stop It is not called a speech لا يسمى ذلك كلاما That is not called a speech Yes, it has met the two other conditions previously Which is it is لفظا Yes, it is مركبا But the issue is that it is not مفيدا Why? Because you bought إذا Which is شرطية And you wear the job of a shirt And you said إذا حضر الأستاذ If the teacher comes and you are quiet I'm still I'm not going to be quiet The listener I'm going to be like So? So what's going to happen لا يسمى ذلك كلاما That is not called a speech ولو أنه لفظا مركبا Even though it is a compounded word من ثلاث كلمات It consists of three words إذا حضر أستاذ It consists of three words It is two not a speech Why? لأن المخاطب Because the one who has been spoken to ينتظر is awaiting ما تقول بعد هذا What you are going to say to him after this مما يترتب على حضور الأستاذ He is waiting for you To tell him what is going to happen When the teacher comes فإذا قلت إذا you say إذا حضر الأستاذ أنست التلاميذ If the teacher comes The students will be silent سارا كلاما Now it's called a كلام لحصول الفائدة Because there is a benefit The listener will not ask you You are given in the جواب الشرط Which is what أنسا أنست التلاميذ The student will be quiet So the if here right now has his answer Which is if the teacher comes The students will be quiet This is called a كلام Why? Because if the teacher comes This is called a كلام Why? Because it has the condition That was needed Which is what موفيدا A benefit Now brothers pay attention The word موفيد And a lot of people Make you say to you It's benefits So that means that If I knew this Then you didn't benefit me So it's not a كلام Not even if you knew it If I tell you something You've already knew or known For example You might have known That the students will be quiet When the teacher comes But there is still a كلام Because it benefits Means here And you will not Want to ask me for more Okay وَمَعْنَا كَوْنِهِ مَوْضُوْ عَنْبِ الْوَضْعِ الْعَرَبِيْ And what does it mean It being the Arabic language It being According to the Arabic language What does that mean What does it mean وَمَعْنَا كَوْنِهِ مَوْضُوْ عَنْبِ الْوَضْعِ الْعَرَبِيْ What does it mean That it has to be Placed in the Arabic Rulings Or structure The teacher is going to explain to us أن تكون الالفاظ أن تكون الالفاظ المستعملة في الكلام من الالفاظ التي وضعها العرب The wordings are used The wordings which are used In your speech Has to be from the wordings Which the Arabs have placed التي وضعتها العرب The Arabs have placed it They've put it down لدلالة على معنى من المعاني Because of it showing A meaning from the meanings مثل an example حضارة The word حضارة كلمة تون It's a word وضعها العرب The Arabs placed this word لمعنى And they placed it With a meaning in it What is it و هو And the meaning is حصول الحضور A coming في زمن الماضي In the past So when they placed it They placed the word حضارة As what A coming But done in the past That's how the Arabs placed it و كلمة محمد And the word محمد قد وضعها العرب With the Arabs placed it لمعنى They placed it for a meaning و هو And it is ذات الشخص المسمى بهذا الاسم It is that person Who the word The name is being given to What would it be A better word in here right now What would it be in what It is محمد It is And The person who is praised a lot The person who is praised a lot Is called what محمد And the Arabs They use it for that Okay فأذا قلت For example If you say حضارة محمد And remember للمسمة It is a name for an individual as well So حضارة محمد محمد كيم تكونوا You would be one قد استعملت كلمتين You used two words كل منهم Each of those words Which is حضارة And محمد And both of them Each and every one of them here مما وضعه العرب The Arabs placed it You are not speaking Persian basically You are not speaking Somalian You are not speaking Urdu You are speaking Arabic language Because the Arabs They placed the word حضارة And they are the ones Who placed the word محمد Okay بخلافة The opposite to that is what ما إذا تكلمت بكلامن It is to speak a speech مما وضعه العجمو That the foreigners have placed كالفورسي Like the Persians وطركي والبربري والفرنجي These countries French and all of these languages The Turks and whatnot فإنه لا يسمع في أرف العلماء العربية كالامن According to the scholars Of the Arabic language They don't consider that to be Arabic They don't consider that to be Speech وإن سمه أهل اللغة الأخرى كالامن Even though other people Of other language call it Speech Arabs don't consider it a speech Speech for them means what? What is in accordance to their language أمثلة للكلامن So summary of that Four points which is very important The word means what? It has to be words A sound sorry A vocal sound That comes out of the person's mouth So إشارة And all of that It is not a كلام The second is أن يكون مراكبان That it consists of Two or more words Whether it is what حقيقة Or تقدير Whether it is explicit Or implicit It doesn't matter Explicit Is like when it's محمد ها مسافرون Two words Or even more Another one would be قوم Stand قوم is one word Is it a كلام Yes it is a كلام Why? You just said to me It has to be two or more So how is قوم A كلام The reason why is because There is a تقدير There is an implicit Something you can't see Which is hidden What is it? قوم أنت Good The third one is مفيدا مفيدا means أن يحسن السكوت المتكلم عليه The one who is talking It's the right time for him to be quiet بحيث لا يبقى السامع منتظرا لشيء آخر Whereas the one who is listening Does not await Any more for you to add on to So you don't say إذا حضر الوستاذو If the teacher comes here That's incorrect But if you say إذا حضر الوستاذو أنسلت أنصة التلاميذو You've now finished the sentence completely You've finished the sentence Very good The fourth one is that It has to be words that you're using It has to be something Placed by the Arabs Another point that The scholar has mentioned here Which is الوضع He just محمد محمد He just mentioned one So one extra one we need to add to it The next extra one is that It has to be The person has to be One who meant when he was saying it So the person who is sleeping And who sleeps talks in his sleep That's not called the calam Why? Because it is not what Because he did not place it It is not what He didn't deliberately place this word out of his mouth He didn't deliberately say it So when he talks to you You just say You ignore him Why? Because it's what It's not a speech It's not a It's not a speech Very good امثلة للكلام المستو في شروطي Now we're going to take Examples of something that fulfills the conditions Fulfills the conditions of what? The four conditions that were needed اللفت المركب المفيد الوضع All four conditions that were needed He's going to give us examples of that That meet it The first one is الجو صحون The atmosphere Or the air is Or the serenity in the air البستان مثمر The garden or the park Or the farm or the garden It is مثمر It produces It produces crops الهلال صاطع The crescent is bright السماع صافية The sky is pure يضيء القمر ليلا The sun glows at night Sorry, the moon glows at night The moon glows at night ينجح المجتهد The one who strives is going to succeed لا يفلح الكسول The lazy one does not find prosperity لا إله إلا الله There is none worthy of worship Except Allah محمد نبي الله محمد صفوة المرسلينة He is the elite of the messengers الله ربنا الله is our Lord محمد نبينا المحمد is our Prophet All of those are Each one is by itself is a full sentence الجو صحون البستان مثمر الهلال صاطع السماع صافية يضيء القمر ليلا ينجح المجتهد لا يفلح الكسول لا إله إلا الله محمد صفوة المرسلينة الله ربنا محمد نبينا All of those are what? All of those are each sentence which can be called Why? The conditions are present What were the conditions? They are all at it I added them for you Which is that it's left And it's مركب And it's مفيد And it was what بالوضع العربي Then the sheikh says We are talking about The sheikh Muhammad محمد محيدين عبد الحميد He says امثيلة للافظ المفرد He is going to give us examples of words that are مفرد Brothers, I want you to understand something very important The word مفرد Sometimes it's the opposite of what جمع Are you with me? And sometimes it is the opposite of what جملة جملة or مركب It can be the opposite of it Here he is talking about مفرد which is the opposite of جملة Okay The opposite of what جملة or مركب تركيب Good امثيلة للافظ المفرد Words which are Not a sentence They are individual words So I don't want to say سنجلة They are individual words Good محمد علي ابراهيم قام من All of those are what امثيلة للمفظ المفرد They are words that are سنجلة So محمد Does it consist of a sentence? So it's the opposite of a مركب It's the opposite of what مركب مركب Very good علي يون علي ابراهيم قام من Very good امثيلة للمركبي غير المفيد Here we're going to go into another one which is An example of مركب There are not There are not what غير المفيد So I want you to write this down It's very important مركب are of types There are three types of مركب Are you with me? There's three types of مركب There is مركب اسنادي مركب اسنادي مركب اسنادي The second one is called مركب إضافة مركب إضافة And the third one is مركب مسجي مركب مسجي There's three types of There's three types of مركب The first one is called مركب اسنادي The second one is called مركب إضافة The third one is called مركب مسجي You have to know this Only one of them is what the sheikh was referring to when he said الكلام هو اللفظ المركب The murakab here is murakab اسنادي When he was saying the four conditions that we set the one that he applies to is murakab اسنادي مركب اسنادي You should know by now It's all the examples that I gave to you before Which is الجو صحون البستان مثمر الهلال صاطع السماء صافية يضيء القمر ليل ينجح المجتهد لا يفلح الكسول لا إله إلا الله محمد صفة المرسلين الله ربنا محمد النبينا All of those مركب Which type of murakab مركب اسنادي The second type which is called مركب إضافي is like عبد الله عبد الرحمن Why? It's two words It's murakab There's عبد And there's Allah Are you with me? With you It's عبد الله It's عبد الله Is it a kelam? Is it a kelam? But it has all the four conditions It is love It is مركب It is مركب مفيد And it's وضح So why is عبد الله is not a kelam? The reason is because It is murakab Yes, but not مركب اسنادي It is murakab إضافي Means that عبد And Allah مضافن مضافن إلي And it's the name of a person So based on that If I say عبد الله It's like saying محمد It is مركب The slave of Allah So if somebody comes up to you and says to you عبد الرحمن The sentence will be incomplete Because it's مركب إضافي The third type of مركب Is what? So the first type of مركب Which was مركب اسنادي We said that one It is what we were talking about All along The second type Which is مركب إضافي مركب إضافي It is not a It is not a kelam The third one is called مركب مزجي مركب مزجي is what? It used to be Like محمد مصافر For example Is that kelam? What about if that became A name of a person His name is called محمد مصافر That's his name His parents called him that name أما قام زيدون is his name This is called This is called مزجي And the example for that It would be like يمن You look at يمن حضر موت It used to be what? حضر موت حضر موت That came Are you with me? حضر زفاعل موت زفاعل It is مركب But It became مزجي Meaning it became one word And it became a name Known for who Known for a place تأبط شر تأبط شرن تأبط شرن was a name of a man Are you with me? Name of a man What does that mean? تأبط شرن He put evil in his armpit So تأبط ابتس here شرن He put evil under his armpit It's a story to it But this is تأبط and شرن بعلا and back بعلا and back All of those are مزجي They came one They are called مركب But It is not تركيب اسنادي It is تركيب مزجي And تركيب إضافي And مزجي أنا أقلم واضح كريستوكلي أمثلة للمركبي غير المفيد مدينة الاسكندرية مضاف مضاف من إليه Right? مضاف المضاف من إليه مدينة الاسكندرية The city of اسكندرية That's مركب But it's إضافي We don't take it عبد الله We don't take it It's مركب It's not مفيد نعم Because why is it not مفيد Because it's مركب إضافي مدينة الاسكندرية عبد الله Look حذر موتون He became حذر حذر موت That's called تركيب مزجي That's تركيب مزجي is what نعم لو أنصف الناس If only the people were fair لو is الشرطية The job of the shirt is not here So it's تركيب Meaning You haven't brought the job of the shirt إذا جاء الشتاء إذا إذا وينتر تأتي And you are quiet مهما أخف المرائي إذا He hides The one who is doing it And you are quiet إنطلعات الشمسو If the sun sets If the sun rises Sorry Sun rises You didn't mention it All of those are شرطية Conditions The job of the shirt is not mentioned So it's لكن مدينة الاسكندرية عبد الله إن حضر موت They are مركب بداية تركيب It's تركيب called إضافي and مزجي لان it's important Good أسئلة على ما تقدم Questions Based on that Which we just took So now this book consists of Every chapter before you move on There's a question on that So Insha'Allah Everyone I want them to After the next lesson To give me the answers Insha'Allah أسئلة على ما تقدم Questions on that That's the aforementioned information What you just took Questions regarding it ما هو الكلام What is speech That's the first question Number two Second question ما معنى كونه لفظا What does it mean It being lovell Three ما معنى كونه مفيدا What does it mean It being مفيدا What does it mean ما معنى كونه مركبا What does it mean It being مركب What does it mean ما معنى كونه موضوع عن بالوضع العربي What does it mean It being placed By the Arabic language What does it mean The last question is مثل Give an example بخمسة أمثلة Five examples لما يسمع عند النحات كلام Five examples In that which The Arabs Consider كلام Five examples From your own self Give five examples Now