 Pwysig. Gweithio gweddyn nhw'n hynny, i gyrfa o gwbl enw, dd Stanfodol, 3 gwbl enw'n gwmpio, sy'n gweithio'n gweithio'r cyffredinol o'n cyd-dynnu i'r cyfromu i gyd, jaromio'n gwbl o'u cyns Danku. A oant yr unig, yn gweld sy'n gwybod hynny. Felly i gyda'i gwybod i gyd, ond ¡swylio'n gwbl eich gwelwch! I will be accepting late nominations up until pretty much we finish. We have 40 minutes and I'll see you soon. I'm Tim Potter from Hewla Packard Enterprise and this is my very first lightning talk ever. In the next five minutes I'm going to try and convince you, I'm going to try and show you why writing open source is a moral duty and everyone should be doing it. I'm going to try and do that by considering the question, did the ancient Romans invent open source? Well obviously not, that's just a clickbait to get your attention. They didn't have any electricity and as the joke goes there's no way to represent the number zero using Roman numerals. Instead I think that 2,000 years ago our Roman and Greek philosophers developed some principles that underlie what we all do today. So this is Marcus Cicero, a Roman lawyer orator and philosopher born in 105 BC. He wrote a book called On Duties which is a guide to conduct obligations and decision making which is actually a lot less boring than it sounds and it's been called the very first self help book in history. So in defining moral goodness Cicero says that it originates from protecting and developing society while still observing everyone's rights. And we can see some parallels here with open source already, right? It's not a big stretch to say that open source has benefited society in many ways and we've explicitly put it in writing kind of the rights and obligations of people in our social contract and open source definition. And of course we try our best to live up to them. And the word counterpart here is interesting. We've got the non free section in the Debian Archive and our non free friends in the proprietary software world are most welcome and enjoy the same rights as we do. Cicero also says that it's a moral duty that we should make everyone better by working for the common good, giving and receiving freely and sharing what we know with the world. So deploying knowledge is interesting phrase here I think. So Cicero's book was written in Latin and it's a bit hard to know what his original intent was with that. So it's safe to say that Debian has deployed a huge amount of knowledge in the world to use. Over 40,000 packages are available for anyone to freely download, use and modify part of the Debian system. And yet of all social bonds none is more excellent and more enduring than when good men or women of similar ways are joined together in the spirit of familiarity. And if that doesn't describe the Debian and the Occasal community then I don't know what does. And I'd like to finish with a single sentence from the about page on the Debian website. Bidel pointed this out on Sunday in the panel talk. And he described it, he mentioned it as an elegant and succinct way of describing the Debian project. And I think this fits very nicely with Cicero's 2,000-year-old ideas of duty obligations and how to make the world a better place. Thanks. Okay, next up is Yadufi. Hi, talking about helping her community. Okay, I'm Yadufi and I'm from Ghana and Africa. Ghana is over there, the blue side. And this is Ghana and I'm from the Ashanti area, the middle pattern. In Ghana we don't have a lot of IT staff going on. Actually it was my first time hearing about Debian and it's excited me to come and know more. Just a brief introduction about Ghana, you can check it online. So this is the state of force in Ghana. There was a survey and realized windows is over 84.7, Linux 11.9 and the US 3.4. And the main reason for the always dominating was because most desktop came with it pre-installed. And also the other reasons were the availability of support and technical support and applications were cool. But most of these windows are not legally licensed. Okay, so some of the challenges for why there's not enough usage of force in Ghana is for the cause of the absence of force in Ghana. And the procurement policy does not clearly stipulate terms for procuring a software. Actually the Public Procurement Act 2003 defines a software as something you buy a license for, which basically means we don't consider force in Ghana. And many users still have the perception that force solutions are complex and there's lack of force solutions in Ghana. There are not enough people who have technical support for people who have challenges using open source. And people complain of too frequent updates on many OS types. So according to the UN Sustainable Development Go, we want to promote policies that support productive activities, such as job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and also encourage the growth of micro, small and medium enterprises including access to financial services. So if also attaining higher productivity, economic productivity in Ghana, we are in an economic crisis now and we have a lot of people in force not paying so much money for proprietary software, then we could get money to help other parts of productivity in Ghana, also upgrading and innovation and all that. So the way forward for force, my role, a lot of people in Ghana don't have personal laptops or desktop. So if we get the public interest of open forums and for example for an internet café that has 10 computers and is serving like 200 people in a day. If you have 200 people using a machine or the internet café that has free open software installed, then at the end of the day we have 200 people that are enlightened on open software and that could help a lot. And as passionate about empowering women in IT because in Ghana it's very low women are free to endeavour the IT section. So I volunteer with Elite Global that imagine leaders in technology and engineering, and they come to Ghana every summer to organise STEM field programmes for girls, where we train them in Arduino, Python and that's also open source. So I'm very passionate about that and want to contribute to that also. And I want to also help marginalise people to get free software and also that makes some income to help. So in the next four to five years want to help ICT development in Ghana and become an incubation hub for force, Derbyn, Arduino and Android, and also become a relevant or reliable source in Ghana, Africa, help train talented youths. So want to master force, master Derbyn from here, take Derbyn back to Ghana, do open forums on campuses, I just completed computer engineering from university, so I can get a lot of university students come together and introduce them to free software, especially Derbyn from here. And the time is now, thank you. Thank you. And we've got Jeremy talking about saving babies. So continuing on. OK. My preparation is I sent an email saying I would like to do a... OK. So continuing on the theme of helping people in Africa, I work for the Precult Foundation and it would be useful to have a slide just to show you how to spell that. But we don't really help people with software. We don't really advertise that we use software to the people we're providing services to. What we do is provide information services and work with NGOs and other non-profits to help people in other ways. So one of our big projects is it's called Mum Connect. It's in partnership with the South African Department of Health and a whole bunch of other organisations who I don't really know because I'm not working directly on the project. And it registers pregnant women all over the country. It provides weekly or twice weekly information messages about the state of their pregnancy. It allows feedback. So if they're having any problems, they can talk to a medical professional. It's integrated with the various clinic medical information systems. So you get information that is relevant directly to you and your pregnancy or maybe your friend or family's pregnancy. Because often the person who is having the baby is not actually able to be involved in the... or doesn't have a cell phone or something. Most of this is mobile phone based because that is the communications technology that is available to people in Africa. A lot of people have never used a computer. This particular project has measurably saved babies. There's been several kind of large problems with the maternal health sector that have been picked up by this kind of tight feedback loop. And the people who are receiving the services being able to directly comment or complain or ask questions about things that otherwise they wouldn't be able to do because there's just nobody to ask. We are, I believe, rolling this out in several other countries as well. One of them is very interesting in that the literacy rate is very low. So we need some kind of voice based solution instead of text messages, which is an exciting challenge. Traditionally one of our other areas where we've done a lot of work is youth engagement. Particularly goals in countries where culturally education for goals is a problem. I know even less about that except that I have to fix a lot of infrastructure for the people running these services because we're using a lot of the new buzzwords. And it's not always that reliable. Looking at our website there are a whole lot of other things, but those are the two big ones. And all the software we write is open source and free software. In fact in the past six months I have contributed to two private repositories and those are configuration management repositories with credentials in them. Everything else is open, freely available. And we're always interested in working with people who want to help people. That's it for me. Any questions? Spell the name of the organization. P-R-A-E-K-E-L-T.org. There isn't chalk so I can't write it down. But if you search for some variant of that and in fact one of our big problems. You can also search for Vumi, V-U-M-I, which is our big messaging system. That'll get to us. So the question is low literacy and audio staff rather than visual. I believe. The problem is still that our way to access people is very basic mobile phones. So we're limited to the functionality of a cheap GSM handset, which is basically text and voice calls. So that's our reason for that. We are looking at other technologies and cheap feature phones are starting to get to the point where they're almost useful. So maybe in five years that will change. Thank you. We've got a couple of last minute sign-ups. Vagrant, you're next. It is not yet too late. You can totally still sign up. People are doing so in fact. I'm not allowed to. Okay you can. Okay. We want to get in a special treatment. Okay. Here's Vagrant. Hello, I'm going to give a talk about antisocial networking. There we go. Some of you will probably be familiar with some of these antisocial networking services I use. I don't use Facebook. I don't use Twitter. You know how to spell them but I'm being too lazy to bother. I don't use any of these services because I have some awesome services. One of which is the PGP Web of Trust. Why is the PGP Web of Trust antisocial? If you talk to the average person, they're going to look at you and squint and go, why do you need to encrypt messages? Why do you need to make sure this message really came from this other person? Many people would kind of think the level of paranoia in our PGP Web of Trust is a little antisocial. I personally think it's very positively social and more people should get into it but it's kind of a mess and kind of hard. Probably not the most social activity. I mean it is social for the right people. Another system I tend to engage in pretty regularly is bugs.devion.org. This is a system in which people incessantly complain about all sorts of problems. That's not really the best way to win friends and make all sorts of... You complain about this is broken, that's broken, this other thing. I wish it would do this. That's not really a good way to make friends. The next thing I'm going to talk or maybe even in a sense demonstrate about is something maybe many of you haven't really done. This is one of my other primary social activities. It pretty much involves people coming at you and then you throw them or they throw you or you like put them in an awkward situation with their wrists or their arms or sometimes we even like hit each other with sticks. Let's see, maybe that's like somewhere around here. This is generally not considered a social thing to do but instead I find it's really fun. You fly through the air, people swing at you with a stick, you throw them, it's the best thing ever. But again it's not exactly your typical social... So what makes antisocial social networking social? Well I think the primary thing is consent. You agree to engage in this whole process. You're part of this fun exciting thing and both of you kind of know what you're getting into. I mean with bugs.debian.org maybe less so but you know like these things are all about consent. And so yeah that's basically what I figured I'd talk about. Any questions? So about that video you were showing? Was that the real fight or were you just like dancing or making it up? So Aikido is kind of yes and no. In general you're trying not to resist too much but you're also giving enough energy that the person has something to work with. But you also don't want to resist too much because you might actually hurt yourself. So you're putting people in situations where it might be awkward and the best thing to do is just to go with the flow. Oh more questions. Maybe I should have left the video running huh? Sorry for the video. What bug were you fixing? Well I was fixing my lack of the traditional Japanese Hakama. I wasn't able to wear them at the time but after that they made me wear them and I trip all over them and stuff. Which is also kind of awkward because you know wearing clothes that make you trip tends to be not very social. Thank you. Next up is Bernal who will talk about an as-yet unidentified subject. She will be talking about Shacklabs. Can you read that? Yep. The blue one from... You ready? I'm ready. Okay. I think I'm ready. Okay so hi everyone. I've been meaning to talk about this for a while but Organising Deep Conf keeps getting in the way, sorry. I want to talk to you about Shacklabs today which is this little hacklabby thing that I'm figuring out what to do. And I just knocked this together right now so I'm just going to do it through four questions. Why do I want to do this, whatever this is? What am I planning to do? What have I learned so far and where to from here? So the reason why I want to do this is frustration. I'm a biologist, a bioproces engineer and I'm stuck with what's available. I think a lot of us like brewing beer in our free time and why I love Mark Tomorshazan's brewery in Hunan Clip is that he runs his brewery online. So I was like okay this is totally possible to control a process in a way that is not insanely expensive like the pharmaceutical industry does which is my background but still get cool stuff done. So I was like okay what we want to do is called wastewater biorefineries. We're basically retrieving nutrients from the water and making valuable stuff from them. But in short what I'm trying to do is hacking shit. And I'm sorry if that happens anyway. In short that is we need three things. The most basic level process monitoring, just want to see what's going on there. That exists to an extent but only in the most basic parameters. You can't tell exactly what's going on there. Then you want to analyse what that does over time. Is it good? Is it bad? How does it change? And then ultimately control the process to make it do what you want to do through some sort of open source hardware. So what I'm planning to do in Shack Labs is have a space in my house and I literally sold my house and designed a new one to fit with the workshop requirements. Which is also now being built while I was organizing a conference which is just dumb. But anyway. And then bring a group of makers and hobbyists and both from a professional level and volunteer level and school going level whatever to interact in a supported but importantly a targeted project based system. Because if you just tell people to do stuff somehow it just doesn't, it never works. You actually need to give a bit of a guidance to that. I do have official collaboration with some universities, some industry bodies especially in the wastewater area. And in industry. But I also want to improve that which was my main reason for being involved in DEPCOM. And less official collaboration which is basically if you like being involved come join us. And as I said, this is not a big thing yet. Maybe it will become so but it's happening in my house. It doesn't have time to include pictures. The great news is what have I learned so far. This project exists as an idea for about four years now. But I only really started working in it during last year's DEPCOM. It was my DEPCOM project. I hope to have it up and running by this year but that didn't quite happen. But what I have found out from working with people is that there is a clear need which is great because it means that my chances for success improves. What I also learned especially from this year's DEPCOM is that things are easier than I thought that I don't actually need something as complicated as an Arduino to do a lot of these things. Which I am very intimidated by stuff so it's great that it's really simple. So where do you from here? At last year's DEPCOM we started the project called the Show Me Box project with Jonas, Graham, Chris and Siri. We were hoping to have it working at this conference thing. It works but not in a way that we could present it as a project. We're hoping to do that as a targeted project next year. Andy told me about his open laptop story and he's also passionate about koi fish so I'm hoping to work with him. And then the prototypes that I'm currently working on is called the Smart Wetlands project and I'm planning to go into mushrooms as well. Sort of do what Mark did with a brewery but with mushrooms. Justin, this is our university. This is what the probes look like. If you're interested you can come chat to me afterwards. And this is what the wetlands look like in my swimming pool or in Graham's swimming pool actually at the moment. And that's me. Thank you. Next up is Malga. We have sign ups. This is great. Okay I don't have slides. I'm awfully unprepared. But I want to talk about a subject that I have recently found very interesting. So first raise your hand if you think that the intelligence you were born with is the one that you will have all your life. The intelligence. If you think you were born smart nobody raises their hand. I know they kind of think that they feel this way but you're ashamed of feeling this way. So okay I will not call out and raise your hands for intelligence. How about sports ability? Raise your hand if you think that you were not born with sports ability and so you will always be bad at it. Nobody raises their hands. I know you feel this way but you feel intimidated by the question. Okay I will not ask any more questions. So there's a book called The Growth Mindset and it postulates there are two mindsets. The fixed mindset is the mindset where you think that you were either born smart or not. Or born talented for music or talented for sport or talented for whatever you want. Like for programming you were born talented for programming or not. And then that's it. That's fixed mindset. And so if you are in that fixed mindset and it doesn't need to be that you are 100% of the time in that mindset. But when you are in that mindset you feel like if you make any mistakes if you ask a dumb question then this is showing that you were actually born dumb. That all this time you've been leaving like you were born smart but actually that wasn't true. You were born dumb right because it's this like how we were born thing. And this isn't like in the back of our minds even if we don't really think this is true it's there in the back of our minds. And then the growth mindset is all about learning and all about getting better and about effort. So it's a mindset where if you make a mistake there's nothing wrong with it. You just learn from your mistake and you get better for the next time. And so if you ask a dumb question even if the question was actually dumb it doesn't matter because you learn for the next time. The thing with the fixed mindset is that it holds us back. So whenever we feel like I will not do this I will not ask this I will not take this challenge because it may show that I wasn't actually as smart as everyone else thinks I am. And it may show that I wasn't really born as smart as I wanted to. Like it's holding us back right it's not letting us get better. And when we instead get into the mindset of like I can make mistakes it doesn't matter because I will learn from my mistakes. And I can be surrounded by people that are super smart and super talented and it doesn't make me be less smart. I can learn from them and become as good as they are in whatever they are doing. Regardless of like born talent because the born talent doesn't matter. And what matters is the effort that we put into becoming better every day at whatever it is we are doing. It doesn't matter if it's programming if it's teaching if it's running marathons we can always become better at whatever we are doing. So that's basically it so whenever you feel like you're holding yourself back because of showing that you're not as good as you are supposed to be or whatever just try to think ok this is the fixed mindset it's holding me back I can learn from my mistakes I can become better and it doesn't matter. Sam has a question. I'm sorry for I guess this isn't really so much a question but is it I'm almost sitting here crying is like looking at the last two talks. This is such an awesome community where basically we can have people who are like I really want to fix important world problems. And if you haven't thought about how big of a problem dealing with wastewater and the fact that we don't actually get nutrients out of it and cycle them back into the system is take it take 10 15 minutes and think about that and study a little bit about how that all works. It's really kind of scary and but then to also have a community where we can sit here and say we're going to help each other grow and we're going to help each other get out of that fixed mindset. This is more than just software. This is changing the world. Thank you both for reminding us of that. We've got one more from Neil and Maree. I don't know the subject but he's about to tell you. How much time do we have now? Hi. Okay. So this is a this is an x-ray of the cervical spine, which in other words means your neck. So this isn't actually an x-ray of my cervical spine. I hope to show you mine but I couldn't find it in time. We're probably wondering why do I have an x-ray of my cervical spine? Who wants a guess? Out of neck pain, right? My neck hurts. That happens to a lot of the software and technology guys. We sit at our computer hunched over the whole day. We have bad posture. We don't do exercise, blah, blah, blah. And it can really mess you up. Okay. So some people say the solution is better economics. You should get a workstation. You might end up with something ridiculous like this. And well, that probably is an easier way potentially to sit and work and less effort in your body. But something which I got to learn at great personal cost is that it doesn't actually matter how good your workstation is. If you're not using your body right, then you're going to ruin it. So actually, if you are sitting on a typical hunched over posture, your neck like this, that's all bad, right? But it's not nearly as bad as being upright and stressed or not relaxed. Anything that you do, if you do it with relaxation, you put less stress on your body and you cause less damage and you can maintain it for longer. But why do we get so stressed? It's bad habits. They build up over time. Some of it actually come from stress. I actually traced back to, I did a PhD, a very dumb idea. Took me here longer than expected. I didn't have money. And towards the end of my PhD, I couldn't actually successfully swallow. I had to, I was that tense. And then I finished my PhD and the review panel gave me very nice comments and I thought, okay, that was all worthwhile. I relaxed a bit, but I didn't quite relax. I got working and after a while I got so stressed. My body just got so stiff. I could hardly breathe. And then I did what most people do is I go to physiotherapists and they can help you a bit. They can relieve the acute strain and then they gave me some exercises and I did them religiously and I actually got quite a somewhat buff. My dolphin is very impressed, but I was still in pain. It didn't help. It helped a bit, but it didn't work. But what worked on my body, that's like a joke and what works on my machine in case you didn't pick that up. So there's this thing called the Alexander technique, which is not that well known, but it's a technique where people literally teach you how to use your body. That might sound silly, but the problem is we spend a lot of time using computers and we actually, it's not a physically stressful task. You're not lifting anything heavier than your finger. So especially when you're young and strong and nothing matters, you don't bother about doing it right because you don't have to because even if you're sitting in a bad position you can do it for a while, but then you get a bit older or you get some stress in your life and then there's a problem. So what happens in Alexander technique is you actually have an instructor and they use extensively what they call the hands-on technique. So they're not actually pushing you hard at all. They really just touch you very lightly, but they guide your body in such a way that you literally practice standing up, sitting down, lying while using your body in a good way. And a very important thing is its relaxation first. And I learnt the importance of this because when I went to my first, I don't call it therapy, I call it lessons, almost like music lessons. It's just body lessons. So when I attended my first Alexander class, I walked in with a very stiff neck and a very hurty body. There are ways to learn your body, how to use your body, but most of them require you to be quite active. And if you're really hurting, it's really hard to start. You can do pilates or tai chi or something like that, but it's always you find yourself in a situation where you're hurting right now and you don't know how to make it better. And I walked out of a lesson and the pain was gone. I forgot to make the important point on this x-ray which would have been mine. The doctor wrote the comments which basically said, the neck is perfect, there's nothing wrong with it. So even though there was physically nothing wrong with me, because I was using my body incorrectly, I had pain. And I found that this technique helped me a lot and it might help you too if you have similar issues. So you can check, it's a real thing. It is on Wikipedia, therefore it must exist. Thank you. It may or may not be related, but if you use multifocal glasses, there's a small spot where you can focus. So you tend to pull your neck back. If you then use glasses that focus sort of on three metres, but then it looks just the middle of your sight to your computer terminal, it brings your neck forward. And that helps a lot in my case. I mean, I actually, I lit all that stuff up and I went to a lot of effort to arrange the economics of my desk. And the thing is that helps, but it doesn't help you if you're still using your body of tension. Oh, you see the desktop? Let me try another thing. As an introduction, I can say, I'm sorry for those that were here last year, because that just happens to be the same talk, but refreshed. Do we have slides now? I've made it only one screen? Okay, but you don't see my slides. Anyway. The idea was going from Debian printing to printing Debian. Why me? I happen to be the maintainer of the Debian printing stack, and sometimes I have weird ideas. Oh, I can do that. That works. I have a dream. What we do is great. Debian is one of the largest-ordinated free software collection I've built. We have 175 gigabytes, and that big number of lines of source code in the stable release, and probably 20% more for the next stable release. Source code is immaterial. What about crystallizing this heritage into the physical world? But there was software heritage project announced this year. I kind of consider that the natural following of the printing Debian project, right? But software heritage, if you have followed their talk, they're not ready for the world apocalypse. They even acknowledge that. Let's print the Debian source code. Easy, right? But you should think of this as an art project. It's really an idea to physicalize what we do that is totally immaterial as something physical that could be the digital heritage for humanity. But, well, there are some challenges. The first is typesetting 175 gigabytes of source code. You cannot really do it by hand, right? We have non-text-plane files, images, sounds, etc. So what can you do about that? And, well, if you want to do all of that in one second PDF, well, if you can do that, talk to me. Actually, there is a precedent there. Wikipedia actually typesetted the English version, which was 50 gigabytes of text. Five million pages, it made 7,000 volumes, of which the 200 last ones were only contributors. And you can actually buy it. They uploaded the giant pdf to lulu.com, and if you have half a million dollars to spare, you can get Wikipedia English at home. But probably not. Because that would be so much more. Just as an attempt and as an update for last year's exact same talk, I just typesetted the CUP step-in package out of fun. Problem is, and I didn't realize it was that much, actually. It was really interesting to try. Point is, the changelog is 127 A4 pages. That doesn't make a very practical use of paper, right? And the other problem is that the stupid script failed after 2,500 pages. And it was probably only 25% through the source code. And that's just for one single source package in Debian. So actually, I think my numbers I had after that, the amount of paper that is needed. So that's some questions to be solved. The format using recycled paper is probably a smart way. But if we have long-term storage, we might want to use Chinese ink and good quality paper. The ecology of storing that many trees under some source code form in some library for no one to ever go through it and read it is something to be considered. So maybe only having one of these would be enough. And printing this, actually, even if you had a printer available, that would resist that load testing. You can probably get down to two cents per A4 pages. That means printing a third of cups actually costs $50-ish. So, yeah, what about the rest of Debian? And then how do you do book binding? How many volumes would that be? Actually, last year Bdale told me I should talk to HP about that. Apparently, they do printers. And we could quite print that because a single printer would probably never finish the source code before dying itself. Maybe out of boredness, but... Then if ever we could generate the giant PDF, we could upload it to lulu.com, but I'm not sure they can actually withstand such a big PDF. If ever we could be able to produce it. And then where we could host that copy, we could have the museum agree to have that, maybe have it as an art exhibition, which could have maybe a printer that prints everything that passes through new, for example. That would make the printer run for quite some time. Well, no, not at my place, thank you very much. Finances, and I'll skip to that because we are soon at the end. One idea to materialize this book of Debian would be to have a web service that would say, I enter in the library, I pick one volume random, and I open it at a random page, and we could have that online. So we could have a web version with infinite up-down scrolling, for example, where people know how to do that. It could be about the printing process, and of course I need help, maybe just starting by buying enough paper. And that's it. Thank you for your attention. Of course there is an alias project page. We have $300,000 on Debian money. I think we can spare some of that for this project. Thank you. Okay, everybody, thank you all for coming. Thank you especially to the late sign-ups. And don't forget there are live demos tomorrow, same place, same channel, same time. Okay, see you later.