 And we're very lucky to have in the chair for this session Laurence Tubiana, who's well-known to many of you for many illustrious roles in climate and energy over the years, but currently in her capacity as chief executive of the European Climate Foundation. So Laurence, thank you and over to you. Thank you very much, very honored to be here. In particular, as many of you have highlighted, it's so important to have all the actors together to talk about such a difficult transition we have to make on one side of the emergency side and on the other side of the inclusiveness we need to ensure, because if not it will not happen. So I think it's really, of course, we discussed and it was really interesting to hear about how we get fair outcomes, how we get a just transition in terms of the distribution and the fairness, but I listen very attentively that the processes as well has to be fair. If not, finally the outcome will not be that. And I think politicians and government officials are not omniscient, have been in government, I know sometime we have not the real view of the society. So those who best understand their own interests are the people themselves. So I strongly believe that when we trust in people to determine their own future, it works. When you don't trust them, then you have problem, conflict, misunderstanding, evidence and even really frustration. There are some great democratic innovation that have been tried to ensure citizen actively engaged in transition policy making. I think our director of climate and energy in France mentioned the commission of the public. We have had citizen assemblies. Many countries now are starting to use citizen assemblies all over the world to try to show and understand what are the good measures, the good processes to be built on. I think politicians should not see this inclusiveness as a threat. They should think that of course there are representative democracy, but it's not all. We need as well to close the democratic deficits and build social mandates for ambitious climate policy. We have to overcome, it's so important these days, the polarization around climate. Climate is not a political divider. It should not be, by the way, climate ignore totally our crazy discussion on politics. So how we make the way that we have to take the sting out of the debate allowing people with seemingly opposing view finally find common ground without the dynamics of party politics. And I can tell you many studies we are doing in all over Europe and all over the world show that there is a common thread within many countries as society thinks that really environment transition, the ecology is a unifying factor, not a divisive factor. But of course everything depends on the way policies and politics are organized. Just some examples, we heard good example anyway, just at the previous session, Spain just transition agreement, investment to support business and clean energy initiative in mining regions and to prevent the downside of coal mine closures. The process itself was a key part of the success. I think together with Shahanborough, we were in Madrid talking to the trade unions and they explained how much they were against that idea of closing mines and closing coal-based power plant. And then they began to totally agree support because they understand that they will be part of the dialogue and the design of the processes. By the way, this approach has been a vote winner. Studies show that areas governed by this just transition agreement were more likely to vote for the actual governing socialist party. So increase in this for the government vote share coal mining municipalities, increase in these municipalities. We heard the ambassador of Poland described, I just come from Poland and I was absolutely amazed to see not only companies that want to decarbonize, coal-based companies, coal miners, owners, just to decarbonize, doing that, not only with the miners organizations or local authorities and even the climate activists talking and coming to the region and talking. And that, I think in Silesia, a very, very incredibly, and the guy who was the head of the company said, it's a social experiment. And I think we should see like that. We are inventing this transition, but we have to inventing all together. I was absolutely fascinated what I saw in Poland and I think it gives you a lot of optimism about the way we can do that. I think so strong climate policies can be electorally successful, I would not surprise I'm telling you that, but they have to be packaged with registered policies through social, but almost that even more important through social dialogue. I think that's true that a lot of state capacity and financial means, developing countries, for example, need really financial support to do that because processes are costly in terms of knowledge and really capital of people investing all countries' interest to forge new bilateral and multilateral partnership to help countries and to take just transition. And what better if we can connect the society between them and for example, the Spanish region, the Polish region, together with some other region in Vietnam or others that are to make this transition. So I think in Jet Peace, it's famous just energy transition plans which need to be improved to be truly effective, but we should have the social element of it, certainly. So very happy to be there. And now, and for the sake of the time, I will be asking keynote intervention of five minute max, as you know, that's the rule. And the co-chairperson of the Presidential Commission on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth Korea, Mr. Sangyup Kim, to take the floor. Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Well, as for my commission, I'm running this Presidential Commission on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth with Prime Minister. And in our commission, there are 22 ministries, are the members of our commission. The basic reason is to coordinate various departmental politics and many manage various stakeholder issues. Before I begin to talk about Korean case, I'd like to thank Dr. Party Bureau and IEA for making this wonderful initiative. Since the Eco-Pain Hagen Summit, Climate Summit in 2009, I have never missed any cup, conference of the parties, including the last one in Dubai. And over those years, I have thought that who are the real parties? Conference of parties, according to the International Law, it is basically the parties are nation states, but as you know, nation states are not designed to cope with this kind of common challenges like climate change. And in that regard, I think it is the people and the planet Earth which are ultimate stakeholders of this issue. So I really welcome this comprehensive social dialogue. Well, Korea, as you know, Korea consumes a lot of energy because Korea is highly industrialized country. Korea is number five in terms of energy consumption among the IEA member countries. So it is very, very difficult for Korea to achieve, to go through clean energy consumption, clean energy transition and go for carbon neutrality. But due to our maximum efforts to increase carbon pre-energy source, such as renewable and nuclear, Korea last year is estimated to reduce its greenhouse gas by 4.8 percentage. And the year before, 2022, we also decreased our greenhouse gas is more than 4%. So what I'd like to say, well, the technology neutrality principle is really important. Last year, we also decreased fossil fuel-based power generation, especially coal-fired power generation by more than 4%. But that is not enough. We are not where we need to be. So we need to have more comprehensive approach. So a few weeks ago, Korea Financial Services Commission, our commission introduced a sort of scaled up green finance policies, which is to mobilize about $400 US money by 2030. And we also identified key green technologies for net zero including future generation energy storage system and super energy-efficient semi-conductor. And we even tried to achieve AI-based climate solutions, but those are basically for businesses and industries. And to make people-centered approach, we need another, another, another efforts. For example, two years ago, our government introduced so-called net zero or carbon neutral point. That is to encourage Korean people to go for green life or green living. And every month, if you can use instead of plastic bottle, if you use tumbler and if you use mass transportation, if you use bicycles, you can get about $50 a month as a taking advantage of the carbon zero point, carbon neutral point. Well, that money is not enough without doubt. We need to scale up that kind of incentive. But before that, more than 10 years ago, we introduced with financial companies, so-called green card. That is to encourage green consumption. So they get some incentive and the green card account the number of the green card account is more than 20 million and the revenue created by that green card is, it's more than 5, 50, yeah, 5, 5 billion US dollars. But we also need to increase the incentive and we also need to, we are going to integrate that kind of green card system and a newly introduced carbon point system to give better and bigger incentives to Korean people. Well, I have already spent too much time. Well, I'd like to share with some more Korean experience. Well, one thing I like to really stress out is that the power of education and to make really people-centered approach is taking advantage of that kind of scholastic fever or education fever. For my case, we have set up a grade school of gringos in Christ, more than 10 years ago, and then we have produced about 200 leaders in the every corner of our society and they're working with very outstanding leadership. They are moving as a kind of engine for change and recently we are going to have some strategic alliance with Stanford University, which has launched a big, big school. That's very fascinating. John Dora's December school and that's the way we can enhance the power of solidarity across the globe. Why don't we designate one university, at least in each country, and make them work together? Then we can make a kind of global people-centered approach. Thank you, Mr. Thank you very much. And that's a fantastic initiative and innovation. I think everybody would go for you to say, how did you do it? And I'm sure that will give a lot of idea to many other people. Thank you and sorry to have this time limit. It's an awful role to be chair. I don't know why I accepted that. So I will go now to Mrs. Landry Parker, the director of strategy and governance at Mokadwek, Canada. I don't know where she is. Right over here. Yes. Thank you, Madam Chair. I wanted to start my keynote today by acknowledging our indigenous nations and communities who are the original stewards of our lands, where many of our current clean energy projects are located. As we move through this transition, it will be their knowledge and leadership that will be crucial as we navigate. And in this transition, understanding the basic principles of energy, how it's produced, consumed, and its impact on the planet is crucial. Understanding the nature and the role of energy in our world is essential for everyone, but especially for our indigenous nations and communities so that they can engage meaningfully in our clean energy transition. And this understanding isn't merely academic. It empowers communities. It fuels innovation and it drives participation in the energy policies that impact us all. To build a bridge towards meaningful participation, we need to invest in educational initiatives that bridge the gap between knowledge and action. Ones that demystify our energy processes and integrates our traditional indigenous knowledges and also highlights the roles that individuals and communities can really play. However, it's not just about spreading knowledge. It's about making that knowledge relevant. Place-based learning, which tailors education to local environments and cultural contexts, helps make the learning process feel more relevant and more impactful. When people feel seen and valued within these systems, their willingness to engage and participate skyrockets. It's about showing real world applications and outcomes that people see and feel in their daily lives, fostering a deeper sense of connection and commitment. When people, and especially those from our indigenous communities, see the culture and environment reflected in the learning materials, their engagement and their retention of that information improves dramatically. But engagement doesn't stop at education. We must also focus on creating clear, actionable pathways for indigenous communities in the clean energy sector. It's about creating opportunities that are visible and tangible. It's about indigenous economic reconciliation. We need to include our indigenous communities in the co-design of these pathways and clarify the roles and opportunities within them. This means collaborative project planning, targeted training programs, tangible economic benefits, ownership, and early inclusion in the dialogue about new energy projects. It's about turning the theoretical opportunities that we talk so much about into real attainable career paths and business opportunities that inspire and motivate involvement. In order to shape the policies that are truly inclusive, we need ongoing dialogue that doesn't just inform but involves. Indigenous nations and communities must be co-creators, not just consultants in our strategies. We must foster environments where indigenous voices are heard and heated and where policies are shaped by the diversity of the rights holders and stakeholders they impact. True co-creation involves continuous engagement and continuous adjustment. We need to ensure that our strategies evolve in response to community needs and insights. This inclusive approach isn't just the right thing to do, it's the smart thing to do. As we move forward, I wanna remember that diversity and inclusivity aren't just buzzwords. These are words that bring strength, innovation, and resilience. These values are essential as we strive to create energy systems that are sustainable, just and beneficial for all. Engaging a broad spectrum of society in our clean energy transition is not only a moral imperative but also a practical one. Involving our indigenous nations in particular brings some unique benefits. These nations and communities bring centuries of traditional knowledge and a deep understanding of sustainable resource management which can greatly enhance our approaches to clean energy and guide us through this transition. This engagement must be continuous and dynamic and it must ensure that every voice is not only heard but also empowered to make a real impact. As we build these systems, let us commit to maintaining open channels of communication and collaboration and prioritize a sense of ownership and pride in our nations in the clean energy advancements that we achieve together. Thank you. Thank you. Great. Thank you. Thank you very much Mrs. Landry Barker. You gave us sort of the playbook of the 101 training that we should give to politicians really. It's just fantastic. They will scratch not their head on permitting and I don't know what if they were just doing the thing that you suggest. So, thank you very much. It was very illuminating. I will ask now the cardinal, Michael Sturney, the first prefect on this category of the promotion of internal human development at the Vatican. So, please. Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Time is running out on climate change. To tackle it effectively, technological advances and economic considerations are not enough. We need a people-centered approach with the active participation of communities and civil society. This participation needs to be integrated into the rapid construction of a fair, inclusive energy transition leading to a decarbonized energy system. This people-centered approach has the potential to accelerate the transition away from fossil fuels. The spirit of social dialogue has to be at the heart of a people-centered energy transition. Consulting communities and civil societies on energy transition is an essential social dialogue in which stakeholders face complex issues related to energy and face them together. Although various governments have made significant steps in consultations with communities, it is crucial to move from participation to empowerment. That is, placing the communities, and more broadly, civil society, at the center of policymaking and implementation. To attain this, governments should develop national strategic plans for people-centered energy transition. National committees are important, through which government, businesses, and civil society movements can work together in a spirit of social dialogue and subsidiarity to find the effective solutions. A people-centered approach has to engage people as participants at the level both of energy production and energy consumption. It is not sufficient to focus on problems on the production side of the energy systems while ignoring the global problem of excessive energy consumption. In order for people to engage in energy consumption issues, platforms for awareness and exchange of ideas at all levels are needed, including policy experts and academics, industry leaders, and grassroots, and indigenous communities. We must also rethink the technocratic paradigm denounced by Pope Francis in Laudato Si that has us consume and produce energy without limits and without considering negative impacts. The richest countries need to learn energy sobriety. The implementation of an effective energy transition requires a change in mentality, lifestyles, and models of consumption and production, and therefore, investment in education aimed at promoting a new pattern of integral human development and sustainability based on care, fraternity, and cooperation among human beings and on the strengthening of the covenant between human beings and the environment which should reflect the creative love of God from whom we come and to whom we are going. Madam Chair, let's look at areas where critical minerals are extracted to make solar panels, batteries, and electrical vehicles. In Africa and other areas, the extraction of critical minerals has been accompanied by war, displacement, environmental damage, child labor, and land loss by communities. The globalization of indifference has the world turn a blind eye to the plight of these communities and mechanisms are needed to allow industry leaders, government, and civil society organizations located at the point of extraction of critical minerals to address the human rights and environmental impacts within the critical minerals supply chain. Governments, investors, traders, and companies should pay greater attention to ecological protection, transparency, and human rights along the critical minerals supply chain. The global community has failed to address energy poverty in developing countries. Up to 2.3 billion people around the world still use polluting fuels for cooking and 675 million have no access to electricity. Decentralized renewable energy systems can provide greater opportunities for communities to participate meaningfully in building sustainable energy systems. Emerging sustainable energy systems and to have emerging sustainable energy systems, we have to have energy democracy. In conclusion, a people-centered approach is not complete without rethinking the architecture of global governance on climate change. The people-centered approach should have us reimagine an alternative structure for global governance on climate change based on multilateralism from below, as Pope Francis proposed in Laudate d'Aim, a multilateralism that is not solely controlled by powerful countries interested only in their narrow economic interests without regard to the global common good. The crisis caused by the Second World War inspired the then leaders to create a new model of governance and a financial system to address their crisis. Facing the current interconnected crises, we urge our world leaders to emulate the courage and vision of the leaders in 1945 and come up with new forms of governance effective in addressing the current crisis and in generating a globalization of hope. Thank you for your conclusion. Thank you. Thank you for tracking and making the arc between global governance and the globalization, the problem of extractive system and the way the system works and the local communities. I think that exactly the picture we need to have in mind. I will now ask Rin Alarch, the member of the Youth Constituency of the SD 27, with who is here. Oh, thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair. Good afternoon, everyone. So in this session, we're asking the question, how do we engage with people as active participants of the energy transition? My friend, Eduardo Avila, from Revolut Solar put it quite simply yesterday. To engage people, you have to involve them. So now the question is, how do we involve them? Well, we're actually quite lucky because here with the commission, we've been working on this issue for a couple of years and specifically in my organization, the SDG7 Youth Constituency, we've been working on meaningful youth engagement of youth in sustainable energy since 2021 and we actually drafted a white paper on this topic and I will summarize three of the recommendations that we've made. One, so when we are trying to gather inputs from youth or reach out and send information, entities shouldn't create new ad hoc youth bodies. They should use existing organizations and existing regional and global platforms. So whether this is the SDG7 Youth Constituency, Student Energy, IEEE, YONGO, EN, there are many examples and I am sure that there is one that is relevant to any topic that you are facing. Two, the second recommendation is the effective co-creation with youth, including agenda and goal setting up to the event or the project, the formats and the follow-up. So young people shouldn't be an afterthought. Like my colleague from Mokwate said, there should be early anticipated dialogue and we also want to know what happens afterwards. Why were some things implemented? Why weren't they implemented? The third point, recently we've seen many more entities in the energy sphere that are having youth focused events. So we're really happy about that. We're very glad to be in sessions like this one that are focused on engaging young people. But also we want to be in the other sessions. Well, of course, when we put youth in these formal and informal spaces just for the sake of discussing youth engagement, on one hand, yes, you can't, there is the slogan of nothing about us without us. We have to be there in these sessions, but we also have to be in the sessions where there are important decisions being made or at least to have the outcomes of our sessions be streamlined into the main processes. To summarize, we want youth engagement and stakeholder engagement to be institutionalized and we want the decisions to be streamlined into the main processes. Now, I'm sure a lot of you think that young people have this idealistic point of view that we want everything to be perfect. I'm here to argue that we don't want you to be perfect in your engagement with youth and other stakeholders. We don't want you to be perfect. We want you to be exemplary. And what I mean by exemplary is that we want you to be an example for others and to pave the way for more meaningful engagements with different communities when it comes to the energy sphere. We want you to be exemplary because a good example may be flawed, but it is something that is worth being replicated. Thank you. One incredible discipline for the youth representative, so efficiency, effectiveness, and thank you to call for, in a way, protesting again, casting youth in lieu of making use at the table, which I think resumed all what you said, and I totally, totally agree. So we have gone through our keynote speakers. Now we open this very difficult moment where everybody wants to talk, but we don't have time. So, and again, I will regret deeply to have that role, but I'm not the only one. I have a lady that encouraged me at my side. So I will ask Christian Stenberg first, the Deputy Permanent Secretary of the Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy, and Utilities. I must say that the Danish Ministry is one of the more active actors in the European circles for putting climate and energy transition at the forefront, so I'm sure it will be a super dynamic in his speech. Thank you. Thank you very much, Laurence, and thank you indeed to the EIA for relaunching this initiative on people-centered transition, which allows us to build on the work on the 2021 Commission, which the Danish Prime Minister co-chaired and in which Daniel Ergensen was also very active, and he also looks forward to being engaged in this process, including participating in the ministerial in Iguazu announced by Brazil earlier today. It presents an opportunity to go in depth into the recommendations put forward before and find out how can we find very concrete methods to implement these recommendations that we already have, and allow me to give an input on two more specific points, lots of good points made throughout the day, and I won't repeat those. One point on a design of policies that we have discussed. The energy transition contains massive potential for jobs. Denmark is a very good example of a country that has benefited greatly, but for energy ministries such as myself, the problem is that the benefits are not always equally distributed, and as energy ministries, we don't always have the policy levels to ensure the redistribution. The problem is really, we have a lot of stakeholders around the table, that's very good, but I haven't seen any finance ministries or treasuries around the table, and at least in my country, they're the ones with the money. So what we've done in Denmark is that our modeling for economic policy has been reformed. It's now called the green reform model, and it's the model that we use for all economic policies, and it integrates green social growth aspects of employment that are all integrated. So very much speaking to the streamlined decision process called for by the youth representative. We are working on sharing knowledge about this in the coalition of finance ministers for climate action, and would also very much like to share the experience and the modeling in this context today. On the topic of inclusion, we are right now in Denmark in the process of transforming our agricultural sector. Now, energy sector is difficult, agricultural sector is at least as difficult and potentially polarizing, but we right now have a green tripartite negotiation, including labor union, agricultural sector, industry organizations and environment organizations negotiating a greenhouse gas emission tax on agriculture. They are to put forward their recommendations for such attacks in the summer. So whether it's a best practice or a good practice to go that far in the inclusivity, we'll be able to assess when we meet again in Brazil in October. Thank you. Thank you very much. I was at the start discussing OECD, chief economist when you started that process, which is really, really remarkable. And I think we could now invite many ministers of finance to listen to that experience. So that's great. And you know there is now a coalition of minister of finance for climate, so I'm sure of course your ministry will be very active in it as I saw in Washington. I will ask now our dear colleague from Iraq, Farid Yassin, special in climate envoy of the Republic of Iraq, which I'm very happy to see again here. But I don't think he's listening. Yes. Merci madame. Thank you very much, chair. We saw each other at the first time at COP 21 and I had applauded you. I'm really very happy to be here. I think my first time here was in 2012 when Fatih Riyal asked me to talk to the IEA ambassadors and it was a daunting experience but I survived, so I'm still here. I'm the climate envoy of Iraq. Iraq is a very late comer to the climate change debate even though we were present at Riyal. But you know, the regime we had over then at the time, they weren't very concerned about the environment and so we only adhered in 2009. And so we've inherited a lot of bad practices which we're trying to get rid of. We're doing that really seriously and I think I hope within four years time we will no longer flare. The point I wanna focus on is what Fatih Riyal stated earlier, which is equity. And I thank him for inviting us to come to this event. Equity between countries and on this, I think the issue was addressed by our partner from Senegal, Iraq, like Senegal will insist on its development rights in a responsible way. But he also mentioned equity for between communities and between genders. And my Iraq experience brought to the fore one community which is, which communities which are lacking in equity and where women bear the brunt. So it's a double jeopardy for them. The communities I'm talking about are refugees and internally displaced persons and also indigenous populations that are subjected to water scarcity or water they're forced to move and leave their ancestral homes. And I think there needs to be a concerted focus on prioritizing efforts to protect these communities. They were mentioned earlier. Actually I wanted to make this intervention during the session on gender. But one example that I'd like to highlight which I think bears generalizing is the initiative that the IA launched on clean cooking. I think this should be focused not only on Africa but also wherever you find indigenous populations or especially refugee communities that will need this. And there are some institutions that are doing this. One I'll mention is the World Food Program. And so it might be helpful to sit down and bring all those institutions that are involved in similar projects to have a global project geared towards addressing the needs of these vulnerable communities. Thank you. Thank you Faridan. Very happy to meet you again after all these years and these good souvenirs. I will call now the Minister of Energy of Moldova, Viktor Pavlikov. Yes. Hello, Madam. Okay, sorry. Hello. First of all, I would like to start that I'm astonished by the diversity of issues and challenges that everyone experiences here under the same umbrella. We're talking about just green transition but it feels different in many parts of the world. And I sometimes cannot relate to many things that are being conveyed from other countries and probably many people will not be able to relate to what I will say. But one thing I would like to start with is that building popular support for green energy transition is about a process. It relates a little bit to what Madam Chairman mentioned in the beginning. It's the process. And there is one word for this process that I would like to highlight in the whole thing. And this is very relevant for the country I'm coming from. This word is a functioning genuine democracy because probably for countries that are already mature democracies, this sounds strange because they cannot relate. It's something natural. Maybe for the countries that are embarking on it, it's also far. For us, we're trying to build a functioning democracy and I will explain to you how this works and how this affects and how it relates to the issue of transition. To consult someone in order to do a public policy, you need a proper consulting process. You need a proper stakeholder involvement. Now, if you don't have the constituency owning the policy makers, then neither policy makers are engaging nor the stakeholders are crystallizing, are getting consolidated and are putting their voices up. If policy makers treat the let's say obligations or the laws on the transparency of decision making as something which is simply a formality, then there will be no qualitative involvement. There will be no qualitative process of consultation. And neither the society would build the necessary amount of trust to participate and get involved in this process. In addition to the fact that building a genuine democracy actually feeds and is actually the recipe for making a functional inclusive consulting, consultation and involvement in both energy transition and in everything, for me for instance is what I discern as the key element for our country. One other thing that has been mentioned already by several speakers in here and I would just want to reiterate and it's related to the democracy is about education. It's not about one green transition. Someone mentioned we have multiple transitions and these transitions make the whole thing extremely complex and if we do not develop enough, if we don't have education and if we don't develop enough critical thinking in the society, then neither democracy, even democracy will not work because that would eventually end up with a lot of populism, with a lot of poor decisions made based on the exploiting the ignorance of the people. I will stop here. Sorry for taking, yeah, I was planning for five minutes, sorry. Thank you so much and thank you to remind that one democracy is a process. It's not a full-fledged democracy doesn't exist, you have to build it and that for transition is absolutely essential. You know, sometime in the climate community we dream of very strong governments that would in a way implement everything and that would be good for climate and that exactly is the opposite of what you are calling for which is absolutely true. Thank you, minister. I will call now the general secretary of the national confederation of Signegeli's workers, Modi Giro, Uchato, yes. Thank you very much, chair. My country, Senegal, since 2023 has been working with international partners including Germany, Canada, France, the UK and the European Union in order to support efforts towards universal access to energy and consolidation of an energy, a low resource energy system. We have been working very closely with our partners ever since we signed our agreement to share our concerns but also our hopes. We want to ensure that funds are not loans but rather grants. We also record the importance of holding consultations in order to enable social acceptation and to involve an inclusive social dialogue throughout the implementation process as a trade union representative. We prefer action to inaction. We have focused on this throughout the energy transition process because there are a number of opportunities for employment in various areas. This is the case at the moment. There are a number of jobs that can be created for example in the field of transport but also energy generation. We're also aware of the importance of having a coordinated approach at national level and this is why Senegal insisted on creating a commission on climate change, bringing together representatives of the National Assembly, local representatives, ministries, companies, civil society and trade unions. This structure serves as a platform for dialogue and consultation on national climate policy. It brings together the institutions of the Republic, technicians, experts, NGOs and other relevant stakeholders. The National Confederation of Senegalese workers since 2021 has initiated a multi-stakeholder network with the Fridges Robert Association. This is a platform for non-state players working on the environment. We are working at national level and at local and regional level across the country. In the same vein, led by the social dimension program which is led by the ILO's Bureau on work with a tripartite approach in Senegal, the state as well as trade unions and businesses have expressed their interest to move towards a more carbon neutral approach. Excuse me, Secretary-General, could I please ask you to wrap up? Yes, thank you. I just wanted to make an appeal to the International Energy Agency to support social partners in order to achieve a fair and social transition. We need an inclusive quality process. Thank you. Thank you very much, Secretary-General. I think institutionalisation of this dialogue, as you mentioned, is very important and I'm sure that the IEA will continue to work in this direction. The work undertaken up until now has been extraordinary and I do believe that that institutional approach to representation of workers will be important in the future too. Representative of the trade unions, the President of the International Trade Union Confederation of Asia Pacific of Ituk, Felix Anthony, the National Secretary of Fiji Trade Union. Thank you, Madam Chair. We here are talking about the people-centred clean energy transitions and this means that social dialogue must be the centre of all our efforts in trying to achieve that. Let me quote Luke when he started earlier this morning where he reminded everyone that no transition can be successful, including energy, without effective and quality social dialogue at all levels. This is an essential element. We hope to achieve a just and fair transition. Well, what is a just and fair transition? We're really talking about people's livelihood through the creation of decent work and quality jobs and I've heard many speakers throughout the day who has alluded to that but I think we ought to be careful as not to just use decent work and just in fair transition as slogans. They must carry some real meaning and here we're talking about, when we talk about decent work, we're not only talking about fair living wage or salaries, we're not talking only about rights of workers, freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining, including all ILO core conventions, including the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, these are just part of that. We're also not only talking about social protection to mitigate the adverse outcomes of any transition so all this makes social dialogue very critical and important. Otherwise, none of this is really achievable and quite often I think that when we only talk about these issues, I mean, we've been talking about decent work for more than a decade now but it's still been a struggle and I don't believe that we all quite understand what it means, really. So I really think that we need to make a real effort to understand that if we are to achieve a just and fair transition, these are essential elements of that and let me just give an example. I'm the only one here from the South Pacific from the continent I come from, Fiji. We have a tripodite setup, which we call the Employment Relations Advisory Board but as part of that social dialogue, we ensure that we're not only talking to the labor minister here, we're talking to the finance, we're talking to the other arms of government that really needs to work together to coordinate together to ensure some real outcomes because quite often what we've found is that the finance minister won't really understand what we're talking about when we talk about ILO conventions and workers' rights. Well, the minister for labor would not quite understand that we need finances to ensure that we have some real outcomes in what we discuss. So I think it's important that when we talk about social dialogue that we have other arms of government that work together so that we can ensure that there's some real outcomes at the end of the day. Thank you. Thank you very much. I think this, that to understand the participation and all the actors' involvement that need a whole of the government approach with what you are insisting on is really important. If not, this one branch only is there so it doesn't make any difference. I will ask now the Director General of Energy Policy of Belgium, Nancy Maillieu. I think he's around, yes, I saw her. Thank you very much. And let me first thank the IAEA for organizing this historic meeting. As a member of the state, I can say that IAEA is ahead of many things and I think with this meeting you hit the nail again. So thank you very much for that. In the interest of time, I just want to highlight two best practices with regard to engaging people as active participants, the ones that we have in my country and the first one is active engagement of citizens and others in the development of our national energy and climate plans. So in the process of these national energy climate plans we had several round tables on very thematic issues where we have involved different stakeholders, its governments, industry, NGOs, trade unions, where everybody had the opportunity to come forward with future policies ideas to take into account of the plans. The second best practice we have is citizen participation to attract private capital and this is a thing that we have done in attracting private capital for the development of offshore wind in the North Sea. And so we have included the concept of citizens participation as one of the eligible and award criteria for the tendering process for offshore winds in the Princess Elizabeth Zone which is the second offshore zone that we have in the North Sea and applicants for this tendering, they are obliged to develop a citizens participation plan in order to be accountable for the tender. And lastly, give me just the opportunity to inform you that we as the EU presidency for the council that we will having the energy council on the 3rd of June and the lunch debate will be entirely dedicated to citizens participation. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. And again, a lot of what your government is doing on this is really exemplary. So we have very time, small time life, I would try to combine the two or three intervention before closing and giving to executive director. Good afternoon Fatih, the floor to make the big conclusion. And anyway, it's good because less people will hate me at the end if I have only three people talking. So I will ask now the executive director of the Pan-African Climate Justice Network, a very important network among the NGOs in Africa, Joseph Mitika Mwanda, and I don't know where I saw. Yes, thank you. I'm here, I'm here, Chair. Thank you. And afternoon, at the Pan-African Climate Justice Alliance and the initiative we run called African Coalition for Sustainable Development for Sustainable Energy and Access, we believe strongly that a people-centered approach to the energy transition is crucial for addressing Africa and the global and yielding climate and energy crisis. Securing public support for clean energy transitions is particularly crucial where policymakers must balance a complex interplay of realities. High level of energy poverty, the necessity to reduce emissions, the exercise of sovereignty over the regions of abundant energy sources and the urgent need for industrialization. With so many interests to satisfy and diverse range of strategies and mechanisms is needed. Practical approaches to this challenge include strong political leadership to guide the transition with clear policies and regulations that foster investment and innovation in clean energy access and technologies. And then access to capital is also vital as many have seen as it makes funding available for public, private and community initiatives to expedite clean energy projects. This includes grants and affordable loans for public and the private donors. So Chair, I want to mention some things which have not been mentioned. The issue of community engagement is quite important. And this actually has been repeated but I want to re-emphasize it because that is what will make a difference. The dimensions of critical minerals also is very critical as they are such as lithium, cobalt, coltum, copper and raread. This encompasses a broad spectrum of opportunities and challenges particularly in the context of driving clean energy transition and supporting the bargaining electric vehicle industry, solar panels and wind power. The opportunities presented by these minerals include the potential for economic growth, technologies, innovations and the advancement of green energy. Chair, I know I'm constrained by time but the question which we have been asking ourselves how do we change the debate? And because we have been talking about climate, the tensions between the energy and the climate, the labor movement and the civil society and even government on how do we address this issue? And in Africa there is an emerging debate on potentially stranded assets. So what we are doing is and we agree that of course it is very difficult to transition but the question is who is going to be left behind and who is going to not to be left behind? We have to acknowledge that the transition is inevitable, just transition is inevitable. But the question, then the point here how we are convincing our governments is you know the story of asbestos for instance. Asbestos was a very critical mineral. So if we don't look back and we see that these minerals which there's fossil fuel one time will be obsolete and if we don't, you don't change, then change will change you and I think that is the way we need to embrace so that we don't scare, we don't create the fear that we are going to lose jobs and we are going to lose, live lose all of us should move in the right direction and that is what we are doing in Africa. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. And I know you are doing an extraordinary job in Africa to put this real question on the table that cannot be ignored and I hope you will be listened to. I think I have a little bit of time while I'm trying to squeeze one more intervention. I will ask Rana Adib, Executive Director of RAN 21 and then Luc Triangles Triangle to close and then we will close this session. So Rana is... Thank you very much. And thanks for convening a diversity of players. I think coming from a multistakeholder network it's great to see so many diverse voices and perspectives. I would like to start saying like if we want to ensure and just energy transition and ensure and maximize positive social impact we actually need to make sure that the transition is happening and today we're in a situation where in 2023 not even half of the install capacity for the renewable energy have taken place compared to what we should have installed and I think it's really something that is important to remind ourselves because it means that we don't have a choice than accelerating the pace on making the transition happen. In the current reality I think it's also important to recognize and we have heard many examples in the sessions before that it is obviously about a societal and a social change but it's also an economic story we need to win and we need to make basically the transition and economic and the business case and we need to make this business case to work and this is not only true for economies that depend on fossil fuel but it's true for all we spoke about the indirect economic sectors the energy consuming sectors the whole economy globally has been constructed around fossil fuel and that's the reality we heard the reference to globalization and very clearly when we look at the social benefits very often it is about the local benefits it's about local content so you already see that there are many tension points here. Also for governments and I think it's something really important to underline the voters voice is very important but the tax income is too and directly this brings us to another elephant in the room I guess which is still the fossil fuel subsidy that are predominant globally. Now how to address the attention or those different tension points or I would like to just mention some we have different tension points especially when it comes to social value which is between speed versus collaborative processes scale versus environmental impacts decentralization local versus global and also lease cost versus high social and environmental value and that's something that is already pointing us to the fact that if we're really honest and that's a discussion we need to have it's not only about the energy transition and societal transition but it is how we integrate the social benefits into our economic values and systems and patterns. Now integration is very important between sectors between the different multi-level governance level and again coming from a multi-stakeholder voice I guess I would really like to underline how important it is not only what we put in place but how we put in place. So it's really important to have those discussions like here but go deeper to have like a hard talks around the bit these tension points and have honest discussions. Thank you very much. I will give the last words to Luc Triang the general secretary of ITUC. Thank you very much. I will keep it really short. I spoke already this morning and you know that since a year I have leading I'm leading the global international trade union confederation in succession of Sharon but before I was in my previous life leading the industrial trade unions and I have managed also the implementation of the Green Deal in the European Union and the way how we deal with trade unions and with social dialogue and let me actually because you asked for examples I want to give you examples. The Green Deal affects in the EU 25 million workers in extractive industries, in energy intensive industries, in automotive and so on and I must say there was a lot and there is still today a lot of fear and uncertainty because what does it mean for me this transition if I work in an internal combustion engine company what does it mean because these engines are not needed anymore in the future. What does it mean if I work in a mine in Bulgaria or in another country? So we need to take people on board because it's not only about 25 million jobs that maybe need to change but it's also about communities and regions that are depending sometimes very much on one sector only. So throughout this transition it's important that this as also mentioned before that people feel completely involved and it's not only about consultation and I quote you now it's also about co-creating. So the future needs to be co-created the future needs to be co-designed and in that sense previous speakers also mentioned social dialogue. Social dialogue is dialogue with people that are there from the beginning and that can indeed also create the solutions the phasing in. I quote now the Minister of Energy from Chile who said phasing out has to be going hand in hand with phasing in. Well that's exactly what I also always have said in the European context in my examples on what we need to do. So I think this social dialogue dimension is important and then talking about skills. Sure skills is important and we need to upskill people and re-skill people but what sense does it make to re-skill and upskill people if there are no new jobs coming in? So re-industrialization has to go hand in hand with the skills policy. If not your skills policy is not credible because people will have to move away to find another job with their upskills with their new skills. So I would like to limit it to this but social dialogue giving people indeed the role as co-creators of their own future and the future of their communities is important and we are doing this work with the ITC and I also see here my Vice President of the ITC from Brazil where this process is also going on Antonio Lisboa. So we are working as straight units very much on this topic with all our units and with all our members. Thank you. Thank you. I hope I have not offended everybody but I was very happy to listen to all of you. Not only now but with a previous session it was very impressive to see first to a year I think I knew the International Energy Agency as an agency on security of oil stocks and now we have an agency that is talking and organizing a social dialogue. So that's pretty impressive I think. I knew of course knowing you for many years that you can do so many things but this one is really an enormous step forward. I just want to thank you all. It was I think the key words I took away as ownership, involvement, empowerment and not only participation, no casting, really people at the table really in a way overcoming the reluctance of government really to install and organize. I was really struck by the willingness in particular for the trade union representative of the positive views they have on the transition and the damage of the actual model on their health, on their work condition but at the same time the challenge to have decent work, decent job, decent condition and decent condition of organization as well. I think it was very interesting to see how finally the transition has to go hand in hand with a full-fledged democracy and this is a process, it's not of course a given and we have of course to fight for it. So and finally the idea that if we go from an extractive model based on fossil fuel to an extractive model based on critical mineral with the same power in the society that would be a just transition at all. So I was impressed, happy and really I think Fatih you can be very proud to have in this building, in this organization the capacity to gather so many different people and there was a call for institutionalizing this dialogue but I know that's your project. Thank you. Thank you very much Professor Tobiana dear Lawrence. First of all for chairing this very important session and if Lawrence is happy, I am always happy. So there is no question about that. So this is a good start. So dear colleagues thank you very much to all of you for participating in today's summit and we heard many, many views, many, many thoughts. You may agree with some disagree with others but I think we all agree that there was a lot of diverse views. And for me, I know the energy world a bit in many meetings, many summits, different parts of the world but this is a first in its kind. I mean I have never seen that the governments, labor, civil society from all the continents, energy industry coming together and having a dialogue. So I think we are very proud as Lawrence said to have started this initiative. As I mentioned this morning, in a few days we will send you a chair summary what are our pickup takeaways from this meeting. Just a few thoughts and then some follow ups. For the first session, we focus on labor. I mean we are such a fortunate organization that when we discuss the labor issue we have the trade unions around the world representing over 200 million workers around the world. This is a major, major, very rich discussion and we all agree I guess at least most of us that how important it is when we talk about the clean energy transition to hear the voice of labor always at every step and it was many of the colleagues underlined the critical importance of a social dialogue to discuss the next steps, plans in terms of clean energy transition. Second topic was agenda. When I open up this meeting I said that for the IE equity is very important. Equity between the countries, within the countries and between among the gender. So I think this was a very good discussion. We had several examples from different parts of the world. The gap between the gender, what kind of actions we had to take in terms of employment skills and of course our passionate, our key topic here of clean cooking in Africa. And I am very thankful to all of the participants to highlight the gender issue and the actions taken and how we narrowed and closed the gap. The third session look at the how we designed the policies that the benefits of clean energy transition is felt by everybody and especially those who need it the most because their colleagues we are hearing every day that the as if clean energy transition is done for the elites. It's completely wrong and we shouldn't give any chance to for the demagogie as they say in this area, clean energy future is for everybody but we have to design the policies so that everybody does benefit from that. In that respect, as I told you as a next follow up end of May we are releasing a report on the affordability of clean energy transition. What kind of policies governments need to take to support the energy policies in terms of economic policies, fiscal policies, social policies so that the vulnerable parts of the population they are not negatively affected from the clean energy transition. So this report I think you will see it will have a lot of echo and we wanted to do it at the end of May. And our final session that was chaired by Professor Tobiana reminded us that the people should be fully involved in clean energy transition both in decision making, this is our main concern and also taking action. And this can only lead to better policies, better results and full public support. This is a first but this is a very good start and you will see that our chair summary will go many, many addresses and one of them is as I again discussed this morning to G20 and Brazil is going to take it as a key issue. We are thankful to President Lula and the Brazilian government to put just an equitable energy transition at the heart of the G20 there. And also we are going to announce a new global commission on people-centered transition and they are going to work. The commission will work together. Again, different parts of the world with the different backgrounds, ministers, academics, trade unions, civil society will be there in order to, as Professor Tobiana mentioned, to make an institutional aspect to that. So this is, I can tell you, every time the IEA, I heard my colleagues are following this in the different floors of the IEA. We are, this room is very small for us. I think, Brian, if I'm not wrong, there's another room that the colleagues are following in a different room, some of the participants, but my colleagues, it is very educational for us, because we don't do such meetings all the time, but it is now in our minds that the voice of labor should be heard, every part of the society should be heard, and when we take decisions, the government's decision makers, we should involve everybody, something that we knew but it was underlined today. And maybe finishing to thank everybody, but my special thanks go to Sharon. Sharon, thank you very much for your leadership. Since many years we are working together. I learned a lot from you, and also now working with Luke, taking over. We are going to work, continue to work together. Again, we are going to see in a few minutes the Madame Idago, the mayor, who hosted, who hosted IAEA, in fact, the city. She's going to give a reception, many thanks to her and all of you coming, different parts of the world. But I would like to finish before going to Jane to tell us how we go to the Hotel de Ville. I wanted to tell you, to thank one other person. I should tell you that, I should start with saying that I became the head of the IAEA 2015. And when I became the head of the IAEA, I didn't have much management experience to be honest with you. And I'm still thinking how the government's there to give me this job in 2015. I was working here as a chief economist. And the head of the IAEA before me, there was a minister, for example, before me and high-level people. And then when I started, and my biggest management responsibility was being the coach of the IAEA football team. So it was the biggest experience. Then becoming the head of the IAEA, when I started the work, I had a lot of dossier to make decision. One of the first decisions I made was to hire Brian Motherway. So it shows that even you don't have experience, sometimes you can make good decisions. I am thankful to Brian for putting this together. Thank you very much, Brian. And thank you very much once again to all of you. Please, please, if we make mistakes, if you want to give us suggestions, critiques, we are very open. We just want to make a clean, equitable, and sustainable energy future. It is all our workers all about. And we are very 405 energy experts here. And they are very good experts, but most importantly, they are very good men and women working for a better world. Thank you very much, and we wish you all the best. Thank you. Thank you for that, Fatih. And once again, thank you.