 hello everyone good afternoon today we'll start with metallurgy okay I want to finish this chapter today itself okay that's why I'm taking this up okay so we'll do it now metallurgy so that you'll have some idea for your coming exam right peace cool so see today we are going to start a new chapter that is metallurgy in metallurgy in metallurgy we will basically talk about ores and extraction of metals okay what are the process for extraction of metals we have right and what are the ores we have for different different metals what ores we use for the extraction of one particular metal okay so basically the process that we use for extraction of any metal that process we have to consider and we'll have to consider various factor into this obviously we have to consider the percentage content of that metal which we are going to extract okay what is the percentage content of that metal in that in that ore that is one priority we should give another priority is what the like economically the process is feasible or not suppose you are extracting one particular metal and there are n number of ways possible 5 10 different means possible for extraction of one particular metal right but the process which is most favorable economically that process we are going to use in the you know in the practical right so yeah so that's that's how it is right we have to consider all the you know factors which is useful for the extraction of any metal for extraction of one metal if you are putting so much of money there's no point doing that particular method okay using that particular method okay so that's how the chapter is all about right like I said there are different different you know process we have for extraction the process that we choose that also depends upon the property of the metal right that we are going to extract right so all those different different of process we'll discuss okay but first of all let me tell you this chapter will have two different you know portions in this chapter we have the first one is like I said extraction of metals we'll also see making of alloys okay two different terms that we use here the first one is minerals and the second one is ores minerals and ores or es what are minerals these are the compounds write down this definition these are the compounds which are available naturally in the earth crust in the earth's crust and can be obtained and can be obtained by mining okay we call it as minerals now ores are what ores are basically minerals only right so these are the minerals these are the minerals from which from which a metal can be extracted can be extracted economically conveniently easily and with less amount of money we need to put and we can extract the metals right ores are nothing but minerals okay so what we can say here all ores if you see the two statement we can say hence all ores are minerals all minerals all minerals are not ores this we can say for example if I give you one example here FeS2 FeS2 the name of this is what iron pyrite FeS2 iron pyrite okay iron pyrite is a mineral not ore because the production of iron from iron pyrite requires heavy cost very high cost requires for this production okay that's why this is a mineral not ores we won't use iron pyrite for the extraction of iron okay copied down done can I go to the next page let me know okay like this we have there are few names or the molecular form formula of ores you need to memorize okay so write down the heading here some examples of right this examples also they ask an example okay not in J but other competitive exam okay they ask this questions okay like for example the first one the first one if I write here it is ZnO zinc oxide we also call it call it as zinsite the name of this compound is zinsite this you have to memorize Fe2O3 oxides of iron Fe2O3 we call it as hematite copy down all of you Fe3O4 Fe3O4 it is magnetite magnetite MnO2 MnO2 is pyrolyside SnO2 SnO2 we call it as catheterite Ca double S E T E R I T E catheterite or we also call it as tinstone 6 1 U3O8 not that important we call it as pinch blend pitch blend B L E N D E Al2O3 dot 3 H2O we call it as bauxite important the next one is a pvs lead sulfide pvs we also call it as lead sulfide and we also call it as galena HGS it is cinnabar okay 10th one cinnabar FeS2 we call it as fool's gold this question they have asked in the exam fool's gold it's look like it looks like gold golden like golden that's how you call it fool's gold AG2S it's urgentite ZNS it is zinc blend we also call it as sphalodite Cu FeS2 it is copper pyrite or we also call it as chelcopyrite okay next one is NAKNO3 Indian salt pitter 15th one NANO3 it is chili salt pitter P T E R AGCL is horn silver many times they have asked this question it is horn silver NA3 ALF6 cryolite 4 5 more we have copied down first here I'll write down one KCL KCL is selvines let me know once you are done okay yeah next you see CAF2 is Schwarzpar MGCO3 is magnecite MGCO3 is magnecite FeCO3 carbonate all this we have FeCO3 is cedarite the last two ZNCO3 is calamine CaCO3 dot MGCO3 it is dolomite see these are the few examples of ores see out of all these there are few you know ores which are important which you must remember like all these are important 23rd one 22nd one norspar this one cedarite is not that much important and if I go in the last page here we have gensite important pyrolysite pitch blend pitch blend is important cinnabar FeS2 AGCL CUS at least this much you must remember all these formula of ores okay