 So we're sitting there You know, it's gonna be a shame to really, you know, you guys just said pizza. It's a shame to really talk about But so let's start anyways So I'm just kidding but so of course I'm Aaron the very first question I wanted to present today is is it possible to lose weight while sitting on the couch? It's an interesting question. I mean who wouldn't want to lose weight while sitting on the couch So I mean so often we have the intention to exercise you want to do a 5k But you know the temptation comes calling to sit on the couch. I mean, it's a really comfy couch and we fall for it quite a lot But I think it's about time that we make this couch work for us, you know so so today I'm gonna be presenting about a pharmaceutical approach to Treating obesity, it's a novel approach at my institute that I currently work at has developed So just what is obesity in the first place? Well, there's a formal definition and this is in centers around BMI. This stands for body mass index BMI is simply calculated by the weight divided by the height squared And if your value is over 25 or above you're generally considered overweight or obese However, for this presentation, let's keep it quite a bit more simple Just obesity is a medical condition that occurs when a person carries excess weight or body fat, which affects their health Next I want to show you some exciting results that occurred at my institute and I think you guys will like them too fat mouse Everybody loves a fat mouse So even though it's just a cartoon The real deal is no lesbian So this is what we're working for This colorful orchestra circles up here. We can call this a compound the compound here could be also seen as a Medicine or treatment even though this is not technically accurate, but we can see it in this way, but here I'll just call it compound So we gave this compound to our parents and do you know what we saw? In 26 days in just 20 so less than a month We saw a 30% decrease in body weight on the white axis here Which is on the left is for body weight loss of the sendage the blue line represents the mice that were given this compound And the black line represents the mice that were not given this compound In that same day in that same 26 day period There was a greater than a 50% reduction in body fat mass let alone And I know you guys really won't believe you when I say this I mean But all of this was accomplished Without any change in physical activity So the mice that are given this compound perform the same amount of physical activity as the mice that were not given this compound So now that initial question of is it possible to lose weight while sitting on the couch? It doesn't seem so far off, does it? And so this compound this is the center of my presentation. This is what we created ever since And this compound basically is comprised of a couple different hormones, which I'll go over But what a hormone is is basically a chemical that is treated into the blood or into the body in response to a certain stimuli And with this compound we are we are basically using nature's own tool box By using naturally occurring hormones to treat obesity and so before I are To basically bring it to how we got to this compound and how we got to these results There's quite a bit of work that we've done. And so I basically will say Bring in the background of how we got to this point. And so hopefully that's got percent of background and how we get up to it So our body has a relationship with energy We have our little energy meter here. E is for empty, F is for full Our energy status really determines how much we can do, how we grow, how we rest and how we live But, sorry What are the components that actually make up this relationship of energy? The first component that makes up this relationship of energy is energy expenditure This is basically seen as a standard exercise where you have to use your energy to be able to move your arms, to move your legs So then you can get to where you need to do to perform the amount of work you need to do So your energy meter is just going to decrease The second component of our relationship of energy is energy intake And this is as simple as eating dinner. When we eat dinner, we break down nutrients and we immediately make available energy to our bodies So we can do further work And then we increase in energy So this seems pretty straightforward, right? We have our exercise machines that decrease in energy, our eating machines that increase in energy And this seems pretty sound, right? Well, it's a little bit more difficult than that actually So the real way this is proposed is that there are hormones that are visited from physical exercise or from the The amount of energy that we burn or the amount of energy that we gain is largely dependent on the availability of these hormones And like I said, hormones are stimulated to create a response to certain stimuli So whether it be exercise or whether we run, these hormonal responses occur And these are the things that are responsible for our energy expenditure and energy intake But so how does our hormones actually influence our energy status during exercise? So when we exercise, you know, we have this loss of energy, we start to feel tired, we start to lose power And the reason because of this is we have low blood sugar and more precisely, more importantly, low energy availability Um, yeah, so But as we lose energy, there's kind of like a danger zone A, uh, an area that you don't want to decrease your energy into Because we use energy for every day, for breathing, for thinking, for keeping our heart beat And so in order for our body to be able to maintain that energy status so that we could keep exercising without dying Um, we have a change in hormones that allows us to keep going And so in response to this decrease in energy, our body stimulates the release of certain hormones And this hormone can be called lukha gana What does lukha gana do? Well, it increases energy availability and increases blood glucose Our blood sugar And this leads to elevation back to your energy So you can keep exercising while still breathing and still, um, keeping your heart beating But how does it do this? It does this by breaking down the fat itself And everyone loves that, this is what everyone kind of looks for in exercise, breaking down the fat And so this is how it occurs, it's keeping your life, it's a response to keeping your life And also it increases blood sugar Oppositely, when you're eating food, it's kind of, it's a very similar response within the opposite direction We have this increase in energy availability But however, our body does not like to have surplus energy It does not like to have extra energy or get overloaded with it So there is another danger zone in a sense And it's kind of like when you're filling up your gas tank or your fuel tank for your car There's these little breaks on the pump Where when you're pumping in the tank, it's full, it stops automatically So it doesn't fall over and you're standing in a puddle and nobody wants that Your brain, basically, or your body has the same concept of volunteer It recognizes that your energy needs have been met And it needs to tell the person, the user, when they're eating you stop eating And this is simply done by making you feel full But how does that feeling of full actually occur? Well, again, you might have guessed it, it's a change in hormones And so in this case, as you're eating, as you're increasing your energy status And your body realizes something's going on It's going to increase something called GLD1 This is another hormone And what does it do? It signals this fullness feeling It starts, it basically presses the start button on fullness Which then slows down our energy intake So we do not go into this danger zone But how does it do this? It signals directly to the brain itself It's not taking any other roundabout ways it goes directly to the brain So we have two molecules here We have glucagon, which breaks down fat energy As well as GLD1, which signals fullness to the brain Not a bad deal to have when we're talking about the same things I would like now to go on a quick excursion with you Maybe some quick biochemistry in a way to show you how these things occur So we have glucagon here This is the fat cell This is the unfortunate fellows that lay around their stomach And don't give you that much body And they're kind of immune systems But this is them right here And inside this square is the inside of the animal's tissue Or the fat tissue Inside the cell, when meat eats and when we have energy surplus We tend to accumulate fat And that's what's happening here We're eating, there's dietary fats Building in this fat tissue And they end up forming a thing called a limited drunkard This is what gives this fat tissue its standard value Additionally, within the cell, we also have mitochondria And this is where energy production happens This is the powerhouse of the cell of the rope These, in order to reduce energy, it can also use fat Which is present in the limited drunkard So when we exercise, there's this increase in glucagon This glucagon is going to bind to this receptor Or get popped by this receptor on the cell And it's going to cause a breakdown of the limited trouble Which will then be shuttled into the mitochondria For energy production Thus bringing up our energy status again As we're exercising So this is occurring during exercise For GOP1, it's a little bit different So this is a little near-automatically When we have a break, and specifically in the hypothalamus At our cube nucleus of the hypothalamus You don't really need to know that But there is three sets of neurons And it's quite easy, so don't worry But so we have conci neurons here Which represents the tiety or being feeling full We also have agrp neurons which represent hunger And then we have them both signaling to a control center Or basically, if they say feel full They send it to the control center And the control center sends it out to the rest of the body But so as we think we have this increase in GOP1 GOP1 then binds to the receptor on the conci neurons From here, the conci neuron is activated And it will signal to both the agrp and the mc4r neurons It basically reduces hunger by inhibiting it But also tells the control center to make the rest of the body feel full And so this is how GOP1 is operating Which then is able to stop our energy increases as we're eating enough Allow us to assume it comes from too much So we have our hormones here We've begun in GOP1 Just break down fat and signal fluids to the brain What we're doing, and what our strategy was At this pharmaceutical development Is to bring together the best of all the worlds We have exercise and losing fat We have eating feeling full We bring it together into one compound Which is what we wanted to do And so essentially we broke apart these two hormones And brought them together into one And so now we have GOP1 glucagon as a single molecule Which now acts as dual agonists for breaking down energy from fat And as well as signaling to the brain to feel full All in one single molecule And so essentially we're bringing together the best of both worlds Now, have people been using this? They have, from articles and from research papers We see that GOP1 and glucagon receptive dual agonists Have the promising agents for radars They have been shown to reverse obesity and mice And do they do that humans? Of course They have the potential of GOP1 and glucagon dual agonists Have the potential to deliver clinically meaningful reductions And blood glucose and body weight For the obese and overweight patient So this is quite promising And due to this promise Nearly every pharmaceutical, large pharmaceutical company out there That is in obesity and diabetes research Has been investing in these new compounds As GOP1 and glucagon compounds So as a side note before I finish on this last part I kind of want you guys to know that you're here first I mean so these are compounds that are not out yet They're still in the development phase They're still in the technical phase 1 and phase 2 But they will be out And they have lots of promises So I want you guys to know about it When you go home, you have this on your radar But why would we do this? What is the purpose of trying to treat obesity in the first place? And this is because simply obesity is a gateway I'll get ready to see you this Saturday But I'm going to get my point So I mean obesity is one of the main causes of deletion Why? The reason for this is because there's many co-morbidities Or other diseases that come along with obesity And this could be heart disease Or high blood pressure, diabetes among many others So once you get obese or you start getting overweight You're more prone to developing these pathological diseases That could end up harming you later on So this is one of the driving forces As to why we want to develop this compound Also, and I think this is the last slide right here But to also bring it home to understand why Or make it understand it in the brain As not such an abstract concept But something that's here, happened right now Is that there are currently 7.4 billion people in the world And of those, 39% are overweight This is 3 billion people That's a pretty big deal, it's crazy And of that, 13% of the global population Of 7.4 billion people, 13% are obese And so along with that, there are certain preventable costs That could be prevented So when I say global economic burden I mean preventable costs And so because you're smoking, a preventable cost is Estimated to cost 3 trillion dollars worldwide As well as uncomfortable But then we see obesity causing the same thing So basically what I wanted to just say right here is Just this is why we're developing Not just for our own selves Not just for the pharmaceutical companies But for the population in general For the 13% of the global population That's happened from this M-Compact 80 second company So that's it, thank you Thank you very much, Erin Yeah, I guess now the moment we can go to your left And get ourselves quickly ready for the beginning of the season Yeah, huge party, that was actually it Cool, your questions guys We still have, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa We have a lot of interesting insights And we actually have two questions The first one is why Anna? Good question Hello, the Pentagon Canal And like I think it has a moving industry And I think it's pretty loopy We're going to start in the business So that's what I'm going to do All right, so And the second one, and do you think that the use sustainably Especially doesn't go together well With exercise programs? Exactly, I think that's something I should probably Run up in this presentation But, so I mean generally speaking This is kind of an exaggeration As to what it can't do Because losing weight on the couch Is something we're all about But it's technically impossible with this But with any actual build-up This is an achievement A change in lifestyle Proper eating, exercise Are all things that need to be accompanied With this compound In order to get optimal results Okay, there's one question out there Thank you very much for the talk Very interesting here Ah, sorry, okay Um, one question though Isn't there a possibility that people get addicted to it And that kind of like supports the What is it called, the Marisol and the Rexa? Yeah, so I know Yes, yeah Oh, um So basically what he asked just now is Is there an addiction potential for this drug And can it lead to problems Such as anorexia Or just a persistent start to diabetes And so also this is something I kind of took out of this presentation earlier Because it kind of made it too long But the history of drug development Has actually started from drugs like Amphetamines and different kind of weight loss Compounds that not only make you lose weight But also have a different potential Because they work on certain Near transmitters in the brain However, these This compound doesn't necessarily work in the same way So these are just naturally occurring hormones That, um, that cause Ah, it's You don't get the same feeling Or the same like, uh The same reward system response That you would from these previous compounds And so I would say that The addiction potential is minimal However, if you find I mean, I'm sure there's situations Where it could be addictive But I don't think there'd be anything Along the lines of traditional weight loss Okay, thank you One more question here When can I, uh, like, how all of you do this? Yeah, so Actually, there's some kind of So it's actually, it's not so far away actually So, um, this is just one of the compounds So this is, um, the drug people move God is one version of this Find this if you actually developed The concept of it About five years ago And right now it's now in, um, Development in phase one and phase two Which means it's halfway there Or at least But right now it's starting to get more Know it right We could use articles To do more people talking About it as well as, um, conferences And so I would say within Just like, uh, I've got this Don't poke me now Something like another five years Maybe it'll be yourself Yeah, or maybe something like that Okay, we have time for two more One last question I'll tell you a little bit Hi, um, so give me a sound If you're looking for an answer question Let's just ask all of us for performance Um, when you tested it Did you think of the situation How, almost in general This is the span of 29 days To test a woman's menstrual cycle And how that can be rex-added with Just, you know, Advocates, all those things This has been updated and re-registered So it's a little bit, you know That was the case Right So you're saying, um, yeah I'm sorry, yeah Of course, so you're basically saying Are there any, like, uh, negative interactions That would end up there I know, did you, was that Conspiratory in the research How that 29 days cycle Is also pretty much the same as the Pediatricial cycle Which has high levels of hormones And how that keeps hormones Yeah, so, so there's Different rounds of hormones There's kind of like these, um, sexual hormones But then there's also, um, diet Diet area hormones For example, GLP1 is stimulated Just from the presence of food In the stomach, um, or in the intestine And the same with glute gum It's only pressed when there's low blood sugar Yeah, as you said, there's something like this So, um, having these elevated Isn't necessarily a, uh, a causal, uh, Actually to anything that, like you're saying For these menstrual cycles But, um, also it's actually taking into consideration As we kind of pick the right receptors Because there's certain receptors That do influence this And so we don't use those compounds But this was, um, inconsideration When we were doing it All right, everyone, last question This I have an interesting question I just want to ask What about the effect of this compound? On other grounds And also, how would this be mixed With an unnatural way of producing the compound By the body? Because you need to do it sufficiently Would your body be just used to that? And then in natural ways We're placing it in this line now Yeah, yeah, yeah, absolutely So, so the first question is, um, Is, ah, do you, do you beat the first question? What is the interaction with other hormones? Like with some kind of, um, Right? Like, that was, I mean All right, okay And the second question is Do this exclude the natural Will, will be this compound Yes, in the natural This is a productional cycle Right So, um, so the natural production I can answer both of these questions Kind of in the same answer So the, um, the natural hormones That are produced Actually are just generated super quickly They're generated within seconds And so the amount that just make it To the brain or to the certain tissue Is relatively little So when we, when this compound was created Is kind of adjusted So that it's not degraded so quickly But however, in terms of interacting With other hormones We don't necessarily see anything Of that nature Directly But when you go in an indirect kind of viewpoint It's possible, especially like This kind of downregulation That you were asking about Like does it eventually downregulate something and We don't know yet But it seems to be working And it sees that moment in life All right, and then although there's something Ah, something Yeah, can I ask you guys a question now, please? Uh, can I take a picture? Like, and then I'll put all of you guys in the back Is that okay? Cool I don't know That's cool