 David Palmer, Cullesbeira Centrifea, a fyddai'n cael ei wneud gyda'n gweithio am ydy, a fyddai'n cael ei iawn i ni'r Gymdeithasol a gydagol ar y cwmprans, a ddim y gallu gwwysig yn bwygiadau gwahodololaeth iawn i gydagolol yma. Mae'n hefyd yn llunio'r campau lleolau, unianau ac amparwyr bod yn meddwl o unedig am bobl sydd y gynnaeth am y diogelio i'r cyffredinol, am sy'n gweithio i'r campau i'r cyffredinol a'r amdodolol o'r pobl yn yôl, ond mae'r pethau yn yma yn wneud, ond mae'r sylwor o'r cyfathau yn ymlaen,yn nid yn edrych yn ystod rhaglaun, ti'n wneud o'ch zeithio y tu'r llyfr? Nid oedd ymlaen, o'n gweithio ymlaen, a'n ddiddordeb o hynnw'n cyfrannu sylwyr, a'n ddiddordeb o gael oed. Oe'r mynd i'n ffasenio â'r athyn yma i'w Cres o'r Grif. Rhaid i ffasenidig i chi i gael gynnig更annau'r hanes whileieron. The role역 playedby some people from Britain and many other countries around the world in the heroic struggle for Greek independence from the Ottoman is something that I find fascinating to read. There was no greater supporter of Greek independence than Lord Byron. Lord Byron was an eccentric, he alternated between mega rich and desperately poor da hyn, wrth gwrs ychydig yn maen nh Againbwrs. He wrote the most brilliant poetry, but what isn't always known is that the only time he ever spoke in the House of Lords, which was then the completely hereditary upper chamber of the British Parliamentary System, he spoke up in support of a very desperate group of workers yn Nottingham gan ni gynnwys yw'r ysgolw'r maen nhw. Mae oherwydd y maen mhob i ddweudio'r ysgolwydau a Gweithio'r ysgolwydau yn ymdweudio fel y myfyrdd yma o'r ysgolwyr. Od yn ce 개인iadu i'r ysgolwyr, fel yw'r ysgolwyr negbetrach iawn o'r croes. Ymdweud i'r ysgolwyr, nad yw mewn ei chynllun eich amdano, haethor i'r ysgolwyr, ac ein gweith yn ysgolwyr, Ond, dyma'r cyfnod o'n cyffredinol i'r wneud yw'r cyffredin ac ymddangosio. Yn cyfnod y bydd Arbyr yn yn dweud o'r cyffredinol i ddyn nhw'n gwybod. Maen nhw'n gweithio'i gychwyn gyda ffynu ar gyfer y cwmpaenol ar y cwmpaenol. Rhyw gwybod yn ei hyn yw'r cyfnod, ond ond rhaid yn hyn, ond ond ar gyfer. Mae'r adversaeth efallai eich ymddangos i gyfnod. Mae efallai'n gydig. Now, I just very interesting thought he had there on your strategies and campaigns and the way you defeated the Nazi occupation in the Second World War, the Civil War that followed and then the desperate time of the colonels in charge in Greece. Then the assault on your public services in your living standards, the assault on so much in Greece, this time carried out by the European central bank and the International Monetary Fund, which then force the privatisation of so much of your public services. Our battles are social, our battles are economic, our battles are also an understanding of history. Socialism is the idea and the ideal by which we all live and I think there are four points I'd make about Socialism if I may. Peace, justice, humanity and our relationship to the natural world. Peace is not just the absence of war but peace is something we have to always work for and strive for. What's happening now in the Ukraine is wrong by any stretch of the imagination under any way you care to measure it. The invasion is wrong, the occupation is wrong, the bombing is wrong, the killing is wrong and the destruction of so much life of people in Ukraine. There can be no defence for it whatsoever. The statement we put forward today from the Progressive International, which I'm honoured to be a member of the Council of, made that very clear. All wars have to end at some point. All wars end with some kind of conference, negotiation or process. Why or why or why do the UN take so long to even call for a ceasefire? Why have so many of the world's leaders been using the language of war and aggression when they should be using the language of demanding now a ceasefire to stop the killing and give some hope to the people of Ukraine and to the Russian soldiers that are also dying there? Because the longer it goes on the more the deaths, the more the destruction, the more the hatred that would follow and the economic and environmental consequences of this war go on. Food prices rising, many across North Africa and the Middle East will be desperately hungry later this year when the wheat supplies don't arrive from Russia and the Ukraine to make their bread. And the prices will go up all over the world as a result of it. It needs serious intervention to bring about a ceasefire and bring about peace for the people of the Ukraine. There are many other wars going on sadly. There are more than 40 different conflicts going on at the present time. Think of the decades of war in Yemen, the killing that's gone on in Yemen and the destruction of life that's gone on there. The war in Syria, the war in Libya, the terrible conflict in Iraq, all of these conflicts are fuelled by the arms trade and they all create massive numbers of victims. Occupation of one country by another creates occupation. Great Irish writer James Connolly, great socialist said, one country that occupies another cannot itself be free and he was talking about Britain and Ireland. But the consequence of that occupation are devastating for people. And today we mourn the death of Shireen Abou Aglais, a journalist from Al Jazeera, killed, shot in the head by Israeli occupying forces on the West Bank where she was reporting on the lives of Palestinian people. She follows sadly many others that have been killed as a result of that occupation. And today, even at her funeral, the Israeli armed forces managed to disrupt the funeral and even the coffin fell to the ground as a result of it. Today our sympathies are solidarity with her and her family. But also with the Palestinian people, the occupation must end. It cannot go on. It is not sustainable. So it's our solidarity with the victims of war. But when the fighting stops and the occupying forces are withdrawn, that is never the end of the story. Afghanistan, the occupation started in 2001 so far as the West were concerned. We formed the Stop the War coalition in Britain in opposition to the occupation of Afghanistan, not Iraq, Afghanistan which came before. 20 years later, 21 years later, they're withdrawn, the troops leave and Afghanistan is now the most hungry, the most poorest and the most repressive regime anywhere in the world. Hardly a testament to benign liberal intervention. It's been an absolute disaster as Afghan people try to seek safety somewhere else in the world in order to get away from it. It's always the world's poorest people in the poorest places that suffer as a result of war. Those that fled from Iraq and from many other conflicts around the world, they're victims of war. There are now 70 million people in the world who are refugees. That's more than the population of the United Kingdom. Think of it, 70 million people, refugees, ordinary people, trying to survive in a cruel and horrible world, trying to make their way and survive in the world. It's the poorest countries that often carry the greatest demand for refugees. There's a million Rohingya people in Bangladesh at the present time. There are huge numbers in African countries neighbouring each other as well as the huge numbers in camps in Libya and elsewhere. And there are then those that try to get to a place of safety. Those that die crossing the Mediterranean, those that die trying to get across the channel from France to Britain, and those that are put into effectively prison camps when they arrive in different countries, as in the case of Europe, Frontex operates pushback. I was very impressed with the speech made earlier about the legal action and other work being undertaken. We, part of the left, part of the socialist movement around the world, should never, ever indulge in the horrible xenophobic rhetoric against refugees. They are human beings just like you, just like me, trying to survive in this world. They need the hand of friendship and support, not of condemnation and racism and violence against them. And that means that I absolutely support and welcome Ukrainian refugees who have arrived in my country and other countries, and I admire the support that's been given to them and the popular outboring to try and help and sustain them. And indeed I was talking to Ukrainian refugees last week in my own community in North London. But there are other refugees that don't get the right to work, don't get that kind of welcome and end up living in desperation and poverty. We need decent, fair, reasonable treatment for all refugees, be they Ukraine, Afghanistan, Yemen, Libya, Syria or anywhere else in the world. And we also need, as Yanis has pointed out, in international politics, not just the immediate demand of the ceasefire in Ukraine, but also a different direction in our international thinking and strategy. Defence spending all round the world is going up. The US has just passed the biggest ever defence budget. NATO Member States are being encouraged to go to 2% and above of their gross national income as part of defence expenditure. And when a conflict goes on, the arms manufacturers pressurize their government to spend more and buy more. And it doesn't matter what country you're in, they all do it. They do it in Russia, they do it in Europe, they do it in the USA. They all pressurize for it. The arms trade then becomes a pressure of itself for conflicts and wars. And so what we were talking about this morning at the conference that we did here in Athens was about looking to a future where you wind down the idea that military alliances bring peace and you bring forward the idea that you cooperate together and you deal with the social, economic and environmental problems that people face. And this summer there's going to be a conference, very important conference in Vienna, of the start of the process to try and give real life to the Global Ban on Nuclear Weapons Treaty, which has majority support in the UN General Assembly. The idea being that we get rid of nuclear weapons once and for all. There are no defence, there are only the ultimate weapon of mass destruction. And if ever used, millions will die on the first weapon, millions more on the second. We won't be able to count after that because we won't be around to know about it. We have to get rid of nuclear weapons all together. The pandemic, the COVID pandemic, showed us just how unjust and unequal this world is. When the pandemic started, the World Health Organization quite rightly said they wanted universal free access to health care for everyone around the world. A very small number of countries actually have universal free access to health care. That pandemic exposed the poverty and inequality on this planet, exposed the way in which the poorest people are most susceptible to contagious diseases, and also exposed the good and the bad of humanity. The good were mutual aid groups, we call them in my country, others where citizens come together to support each other, support those that are going through difficulties and help people going through a mental health crisis and set up food banks and food cooperatives to make sure people got through. And they were very effective and as a whole generation, the mutual aid generation that will never forget that sense of solidarity that came from it. But the bad, the other side of it, was the grotesque profits made by big pharmaceutical companies as they overcharged for vaccine research which was paid for by the public purse in country after country and made massive profits out of this pandemic. If ever there was a case for public ownership of the manufacture of pharmaceutical medicines, it is the COVID pandemic around the world. That is a case surely for public ownership of them. And it's also led to falling living standards and working class communities are considerably worse off as a result of it. And so we're now going through a renewed process of austerity being demanded by the world's financial institutions and being happily carried out by many countries around the world. At the same time, as there's more trillionaires than there's ever been, there's more billionaires than there's ever been and there's more wealths being sucked into a small number of global corporations and super rich people than there's ever been before. So on the back of the pandemic, when everyone else was scared and frightened about what was going to happen to them, some people were really coin in the money in. And so I think the lessons for that are that we need socialism. We need that sharing of wealth and resources. We need those resources to be properly shared out. And we need an alternative economic system that brings that about. And that alternative is really what we have to put forward. You've experienced what the Troika did to you here in Greece. In other countries it's called different things, but economic restructuring usually means bad news for the poorest people within our society. I was very impressed by the speech made yesterday by one of the people that came on behalf of the water workers and their union in Greece. Well, you've still got publicly owned water, well done, keep it that way. In Britain we had a Prime Minister once called Margaret Thatcher, you may have heard of her. And she was a close friend of a president you may have heard of called Ronald Reagan. And they put forward this idea of Reaganomics which was essentially you roll back the state except for its military and policing functions and you hand over administration of all public services to the private sector. And water was amongst those that were privatised in Britain. So all those water systems that had been built up by usually labour municipalities over many years were sold off to the private sector, to water companies at a low price. They did two things. They sold off all the land assets they could as quickly as they could. They got rid of as many staff as they could and brought in contractors to do the work on their behalf. And they made enormous profits. They've run the system so badly that in Britain you've obviously all heard of Loch Ness, the place with the monster. It's the biggest lock in Scotland, the deepest volume of water in the UK. The equivalent of Loch Ness is filled every year by water that is wasted because of the pipes that are kept in such a bad condition and leak. And last year there were 400,000 discharges of raw sewage into rivers in Britain because of the mismanagement by the water companies who also posted record profits at that time. So in Parliament this week I said the way to get clean rivers, the way to get clean water is to take it out of the hands of the profiteers and hand it into the hands of the public to run it democratically and accountably as it should be run. But the poverty that we have is also very serious. We now have in Britain more food banks than there are branches of McDonald's. So McDonald's is now second place in the supply chain of food to the food banks. And the people that are using food banks don't do it for fun. They do it out of desperation. They're not always homeless or always unemployed. They're people in work whose wages are insufficient to meet their demands so they're having to access a food bank in order to survive. And so it is about what we do. Yes, we support food banks, of course. We support food cooperatives, of course we do. But we have to mobilize in the wage crisis that's there at the moment to demand a decent, reasonable, sensible minimum wage, not just in one country but in all countries. And an end to the tax havens, tax evasion and tax avoidance which has cost us and the public services so badly in every country around the world. That is the kind of economic agenda and economic justice that we have to bring about. And it's a big battle. It's a big battle to get that message across because, as Etche was pointing out, the fundamental message of the right is always, it's individual. You can do it on your own. You can always manage it on your own but it might mean you've got to exploit somebody else. You've got to take the ladder away that you've climbed up to make sure nobody comes up behind you. Well, that's not very human and a not very decent way of doing things. And it does create massive levels of poverty both within societies and at a global level. Look at the global gap between the richest and the poorest as well as within our own countries. And so the alternatives have to be there. But our job is to build unity to do it. Socialism comes from a basic human instinct. The basic human instinct is that we are the keeper of the rest of our community. Community socialism is where a community comes together often to try and defend maybe a hospital or a school that's closing or a service that's closing. But it can also be something that's demanding. Demanding clean air, demanding clean water, demanding better and bigger schools, demanding more teachers, demanding better healthcare, demanding good quality, high paid skilled jobs for our young people to move into when they finish their training and their university course or whatever they've taken forward. But it is about what we on the left can do to bring unity forward to achieve this. Like many of you here, I was not just devastated. I was very angry at the first round result in the French presidential election when Jean-Luc Mélenchamps narrowly lost out to the fascist Le Pen. Why? Obviously because he didn't get as many votes as she did. Why didn't he? Because there was a split on the left in that campaign. Because the left were in several camps at the same time. We can't afford that luxury. We can't afford that luxury because we can't afford to have Le Pen being the voice of the French working class. And I'm delighted that there's been an agreement reached by all of the forces of the left in France now. For when the assembly elections take place, there will be a united ticket fighting for all of those assembly positions and constituencies. It's our job surely to support them and support them in that campaign. And also take that lesson wider across Europe and across other places. That yes we have differences, yes we have debates, yes we have the intensity of it. But let's not put ourselves into silos and refuse ever to listen to anybody else. The fundamentals that we have to put forward are peace, are humanity, are a change in the economic system and economic circumstances. And whilst we're often told, and I've got a question about this this morning at the conference, well you lost an election, so and so lost an election, Janice isn't Prime Minister of Greece and so on and so on and you're not Prime Minister of Britain. I know that very well, she doesn't need to tell me that, it's fine. But it was sort of like a council of despair. And then I look around the world and I see something very different. I see something very, very different indeed. I see communities organising, fighting back and winning. The heroic and magnificent campaign of the Indian farmers defeated the market objectives of their government to destroy their communities and their farming industry. The hope that's there now in many parts of Latin America. I was in Chile for the inauguration of President Boreck and I met people there who I haven't seen for years. They were people that had come out of Chile in 1973 after the fascist coup, which killed Allende, 7000 others and drove thousands and thousands into exile. And I met these brave comrades that had come to Britain, had gone to Sweden, gone to other countries and done huge work in opposition and then eventually were able to go back. And they told me how it felt to be able to see a real change in Chile. A real change brought about by protest and brought about by socialist ideas and that hope. Brought about by the hope inspired by great musicians like Victor Hara or poets like Pablo Neruda. They brought about that sense of hope. And that sense of hope is there also in Bolivia where the government, yes, was defeated by law fair and then they won the election. And we've got an election coming up in Colombia very soon. The election coming up in Colombia is going to be fascinating, important because the idea that somebody of the left can become president of Colombia, unite the people of that country, that the wealth of Colombia can be shared amongst its people, not siphoned off by global big business to take it all away from the people of Colombia. And talking of people that have come back and fought back, Lula as president of Brazil and then placed in prison and then replaced by Dilma, who was then removed by another process of law fair and now the workers party with many other allies on the left is fighting back. And we're all supporting Lula because we want to see that day when Lula is returned as president of Brazil as an answer to those that offer nothing but depression and hope. And so this call for unity is something to me that is very, very important. Outside the hall here, when we come in, I think there's a wonderful exhibition there on the walls of the side, which is Global Voices for Julian Assange. And I was really pleased in the video that Yanis put on earlier, the message and the direct voice of Julian Assange. Julian Assange has told the truth about what the U.S. was up to in Afghanistan, in Iraq, back Guantanamo Bay, and about their warpulling, their gaming and all the rest of it, and exposed the truth about so much. If he had been a journalist in Russia who had maneuvered himself over to the United States and told the world all about all kinds of secrets in Russia, he'd be a hero. He'd get anything he wanted. He'd get a congressional medal. He'd get the lot. He'd get everything. But Julian Assange told the truth about the complicity of our countries in the behaviour of the U.S. and others around the world and revealed the truth. He took refuge in the embassy, the Ecuadorian embassy in London, and is now in a maximum security prison. A maximum security prison for somebody who hasn't been convicted of anything, and if the British Home Secretary decides to send him to the USA, then she will be consigning him to 175 years of imprisonment in a maximum security prison. Julian Assange actually speaks for all of us. He is our voice of humanity. So do everything you can to support Julian Assange to prevent that removal. And it's very interesting that the media around the world seem a bit nervous about getting too involved in the campaign about Julian Assange. I say this to all of our friends in the media. There but for the grace of God, go all of you. He has told the truth about things. That is what investigative real journalism is about. It's designed and should be to make life uncomfortable for people in office and people in power. I know that. That's right. That's what democracy is about, challenging people. Julian challenged, so they put him in prison. Release Julian Assange! The last thing I want to say is about our relationship to our natural world. This might sound a bit wacky, and indeed when I made these kind of remarks during the first leadership campaign I did for the Labour Party, a few people said, Jeremy, please, please, let's talk about bees and insects and flowers, please. I said, nah, I'm going to do it anyway. Why? Because the climate and environmental crisis has got to be addressed in a holistic way. Yes, it is about carbon dioxide emissions, which have the greenhouse effect of increasing global temperatures. It's also the levels of pollution, which get into the upper atmosphere and damage the air quality of all of us. It is also about the pollution of rivers and seas by plastic and chemical pollution. It is also about the destruction of the biodiversity of our lives because we are part of a global species. We rely actually for our very existence on the totality of the natural world and the natural environment. When I went to COP25 in Paris, I was actually quite encouraged. I was quite encouraged that all the countries of the world were there. I was quite encouraged by an awful lot that was said. A namey client and myself organised what we thought would be a small erudite seminar, would have a little chat with people. It was a bit difficult because there were 600 crammed into the room and about 500 more outside. But they were keen to hear a message and to be involved in things. So it is about protecting and enhancing our biodiversity. COP26 in Glasgow was not a great success in the sense that the declarations were limited. There was an awful lot of greenwash and there was a phenomenal amount of environmental lobbying as Eche was pointing out. People pretending to be suddenly very green. It's become a very big business to be green. But there was another COP going on, our project. The project for peace and justice organised a week of alternative events in a theatre, Webster's Theatre in Glasgow. People came there and came together. What was fascinating was the huge numbers of people that came to Glasgow in hope of a better, more sustainable world were also confronted by the refuse workers, the bin collectors, strike in Glasgow at the same time. So there were piles of rubbish all over Glasgow. They joined forces with the unions of the refuse workers and the refuse workers joined forces with them. A, to demand decent pay and conditions, and B, proper and better recycling, reusing and reduction of the waste that's there. There was a unity between the Glasgow working class who are working in those bins and the global environmental movement. It's that unity that will bring about real environmental justice. We're not going to get the end to climate change without system change of a world based on profit and exploitation of natural resources. Rather than the protection and development of an economy that can run in a sustainable way. I know it sounds big ask and complicated, but it's not really. Because when I was confronted with these issues, and I wanted to see how I could develop my party's policy on it, Rebecca Longbaillian myself had a long discussion about it. She is a Member of Parliament in Salford, just outside Manchester. And she said, Jeremy, any policy we put forward has got to be something. I can honestly go to the doorstep of anybody in my community and say this policies for you wherever you work. If you're in a polluting industry or whatever you're doing, it is a green industrial revolution we need. You get that by public investment. You get that by advanced technology. You get that by giving people a real stake in a greener, more sustainable world. It can be done, but it can't be done if we stick to the tired old free market economies of inequality, injustice and built in poverty to it. We are the green industrial revolution. That has to be the slogan of the left all over the world. It's only the green industrial revolution that can save this planet. Socialism is about living with nature, is about understanding each other, is about solidarity. But it's also recognising where our rights have come from. You go through the whole wonderful broad stream of history and you see those heroic struggles. Who ended the slave trade? Who ended slavery around the world? I was taught in school it was done by a very nice man who happened to be a Tory Member of Parliament in Britain, but he was a very nice man and he introduced a bill to end slavery and that was the end of it. It's absolute nonsense. It's total tosh. It's rubbish. What happened was the slaves who had survived the middle passage and got from Africa to the Caribbean and North America were in revolt, in constant revolt. The slave uprisings in Jamaica, which was then the wealthiest sugar producing place in the entire planet, rose up and burnt the sugar crops and burnt the houses of the slave owners. They were brutally repressed and killed in their thousands as a result of it. But they carried on because they were not prepared to live in slavery or see their children live in slavery. That had the economic effect of frightening the owners in Britain. So eventually slavery and slave trade was abolished. It was brought about by their actions. I want our history teaching to show that and our history teaching to show the global contribution that's made to so much that we have. How was the right to vote one? Was it ever given by the ruling class? Was it given by the royal families and their aristocracy? No. It was won by people. How did women get the right to vote? In Britain it was the militancy of the suffragettes that did it. It was the self-organisation of women that did it. It was Sylvia Pankhurst and working class women in the east end of London and other places that brought that about. It was the triumph and achievement of women themselves just as spoken earlier. It's women now who are standing up against the violence and misogyny against women in so many societies around the world. Socialism cannot exist without real equality and real equality of opportunity for everyone. How was the Civil Rights Act ever passed in the United States? Because the derivation of slavery was awful, but the racism continued, the discrimination continued. The Jim Crow laws were there, the inbuilt discrimination against black people in the United States continued. But the marchism, Selma to Alabama and all those people of the uprising against racism in the United States paid off and eventually they got the Civil Rights Act. It is about our power and our pressure. So socialism comes within our communities. So let's stop just being defensive and start being determinative and demanding of decent health, of decent schools, of decent jobs, of a society that gives security for all, that gives rights for all and protections for all. That means our work has to be education, our work has to be campaigning, but it also has to be motivational to young people. Young people are growing up in a world where there's the greatest ever level of consumerism, there's the greatest ever level of choice, and there's apparently the greatest ever source of information. You've only got to reach for your mobile phone or if you left mine over there, but there you go. And you can actually find out almost any fact anywhere. What you probably don't realise is there's an algorithm telling you what you want to find out. There's an algorithm that's following your thought process and tells you what you want to know. I mean I turn on my phone and miraculously within a second comes up some news about Arsenal Football Club. I live near Arsenal, I support Arsenal, but it's not the only thing in my life, but the phone thinks it is. So it gives me this information whether I want it or not. No, I can sort of bypass that and find something else, but take the technology and the genius of these algorithms a bit further and then look at the success of Donald Trump at Bolsonaro, of the right in Australia and many others, and you begin to see how this extremely clever, sophisticated technology can sell things, can buy things, can influence people and can change minds and can create racism, can create fear, can create danger for people. We need to have some thinking about the way in which the small number of very big companies control so much of what our media is about. We need to get that message out there and give hope to people. We need to build a society that really is fit for the next generation because I'm frightened of young people growing up, over-tested and stressed in too many of our schools in too many countries that are in debt because they have to go to college or university. Now going through a housing crisis where they pay more than ever for a rented flat and the insecurity that comes with that and then being told that the public services they thought they were going to have in health and so on are going to be disappearing because they're all going to be privatised and they've got to make their way in a market economy and those less able, those less achievable are not going to get any part of that. We've got to create a world of fairness and of justice. It's a big task, it's a big ask, nobody ever did anything on their own, but it's the unity of people in all our campaigns, all our groups, all over the world. Understanding where we've come from, the better to know where we're going to go. Thank you very much indeed.