 Well, thank you everyone for being here with us today. My name is Jesse Fleming, and I'm a fourth year doc student at the University of Virginia. And I'll let Brian and Suzanne and Danielle introduce themselves real quick. Brian Cook, I'm a professor in special education at the University of Virginia. Hi, I'm Suzanne Spicer. I am a first year doctoral student at the University of Virginia. Hi everyone, I'm Danielle Waterfield. I'm also a first year doctoral student at the University of Virginia. Excellent. Well, what we wanted to do today in the workshop, and we feel no need to go the entire hour. So if we finish before then, great. If we take the whole time, that's great too. But what we wanted to do today was kind of introduce this idea of managing your preprints and your open access. Oftentimes we talk about preprints as a singular event. You post it and you're done. And really what we want to kind of introduce today is a way to kind of, we're going to talk about why we post preprints, the rationale behind it, but then really how can you keep up with your preprints and ensure that you have the most recent research out and available for folks to read. So our agenda for today, as I mentioned, we're going to talk a little bit about the benefits of open access. We'll talk about the types of open access and the types of green open access, which is kind of the focus of today's talk. We'll discuss some key terms and ideas for you. We'll talk through some recommendations and maybe some challenges that folks have. Provide a few resources and then we'll walk through how to submit and update your preprints and postprints on EdArchive. So I'll pass it over to... Thanks, Jesse. So I think people have access to the chat. I'm curious and it'll help us and you can just, if you want to turn your camera on or you can put it in the chat, but just on a scale of one to three, familiarity, background, expertise in open access, publishing and especially preprints and postprints. So is like one, I've not really, I've not done this. I don't have much familiarity, I've heard of it, but I really don't know much about it. Two, I might have done it once or I know a fair amount about it, but don't have a lot of expertise and three being I've done it quite a bit or I've done it at least a few times, I'm comfortable with it, but looking to kind of maybe get some higher level understanding and some specific things. So chime in and kind of let us know. Every presenter's dream so far ones and threes. So, but some threes, good, good. All right, we will move fairly quickly through this and I encourage everyone, if you wanna do the hand raise or just put something in the chat, feel free and we encourage you to just chime in, ask questions, share. You all know things that we don't know. So it would be great to learn from all of you as well and share, so feel free in that regard. So open access publishing, I think probably by being here, you're aware of many of these benefits. The basic idea of open access publishing is making papers freely accessible by removing the paywall that publishers put up. And so the benefits are, I think of the many different open science practices that we've been talking about at the conference. To me, the open access publishing is one that just has clear benefits. And especially the green approach model that we'll be talking about today. So some of those benefits certainly include equity and I think at the core, this is the issue that we have a lot of scholarship that is only available to some people and that's just not equitable. And for those who can afford to pay or those that are at institutions that subscribe and pay a lot of money to publishers. And that leaves a lot of people out. I remember hearing Brian Nosek speak once and he was visiting and I don't remember where, but a university and he was talking, Brian's background is in psychology. And so he asked this group of doc students he was talking to, what area of psychology are they in? And they all said the same area. And he said, wow, that's remarkable. That must be what your real strong focus of your program. And they said, yeah, I guess, but it's because that's the one totally open access journal that we can get at in the field. And so that just so drove what they could study because they could only access scholarship in this area. And we see the same thing certainly in practice. And so in an applied field like education where we're trying to bridge the research to practice gap and get, it's the point of a lot of what we're doing is to inform practice if the intended end users of our research and scholarship can't access much of that, we're just shooting ourselves in the foot here by publishing in journals that put the work behind paywalls. So that greater equity leads to increased the scope of audience and greater impact. And we'll have a slide in a minute that looks at citation index. I shouldn't be reading the chat boxes, I talk sorry. I'll look at that later. And there's good evidence to support that work that is scholarship that is open access gets cited more often, has greater play in social media and lots of different measures of impact which makes a whole lot of sense because it just can be accessed by a much larger audience. Quicker availability of findings. So this is a bit of a double-edged sword in some ways we'll talk about one of the big issues or concerns around preprints in particular is that they haven't gone through haven't been vetted through peer review but the other side of that or I guess to state the obvious in some ways the downside of that is that there can be some really flawed perhaps misleading research that is shared but it certainly shaves off the time associated with peer review and this has really come to the fore during the pandemic when there was a great need to get things out there you see a lot more coverage of research from preprints because time was really of the essence and sometimes it's many months if not years between when the start of peer review and when something gets published and so this allows work to get out there more quickly combats the file drawer problem, the publication bias things that people might not submit for publication or might not get accepted for publication but is still good quality work such as studies with null effects that can get published and be accessed by others. Jesse has recently been on the job market and he found this to be a very useful tool to share work that was still being reviewed not published yet but it's a way to disseminate one's work before it gets published to different audiences and then finally you can actually both solicit do targeted solicitation or just open it up for feedback for folks before one submits their work for publication preprints can be one way to get feedback on one's work. Danielle. All right. So we know that you can kind of gauge the accessibility of different research through different journals based on going to the journal site or even sometimes doing something like a Google scholar search will also show you the accessibility options. So Brian pulled the screenshot of a recent teaching exceptional children journal article that we can see it's restricted to access but it's on a really vital topic culturally and linguistically diverse families to participate. That's something that's super relevant for schools today that we would want practitioners, administrators, families to have access to but as we can see it's restricted access. So if you clicked on the get access button you would then get a page that looked like this asking you to pay a cool $37.50 to access this article for 24 hours which if you are like me, a doctoral student may not be within your budget. It may not be in a practitioner's budget and so this might not be feasible for all audiences or for dissemination purposes. And imagine that times if you're a practitioner or a parent chasing down many, many different articles you can't read it yet. You don't know if that's relevant or not and you're trying to find out what to do with your kid or what to teach in your class the next week or for doc students who don't have access through their library to certain journals you might want to download a lot. $37.50 for one article, well that's not great but imagine that across many, many, many articles it quickly becomes unfeasible. Yes, I don't even want to know the actual cost of all the articles in my Zotero right now that would be quite alarming maybe. But I have been able to find articles through Open Access through my institution as well and there are different colors of Open Access articles that you can find. Gold is perhaps the most commonly used one but green is the one that we were trying to focus on today and they have different distinctions here. Brian pulled this great visual. We were talking earlier about how the hybrid one is represented by a Griffin because it's different pieces of these different types of Open Access put together and it just kind of shows you the different ways that Open Access can appear to you as a researcher but also to people that you're disseminating research to. Brian, did you want to add anything on this beautiful spectrum? Sure, I can't help it. So Diamond, I think we're actually going to start seeing more and more Diamond journals right now they tend to be small journals that don't pay. Sometimes potentially they are predatory journals, unfortunately, but this is where authors don't pay article processing charges and consumers don't pay for the articles, they're just open. Gold OA, you have to pay the article processing charges. So that can be substantial in some cases. Bronze is great, but the question mark with bronze is the publishers just choose to make it open. It isn't licensed Open Access. So that can change at a moment's notice and it's just not reliable or long-term. And so green Open Access, as we'll talk about, it isn't costly, it's available long-term and so it has a lot of advantages and that's where we'll focus today. So this is, and I need to find out how to pronounce her name. If anyone knows, they can tell me right now and save me some embarrassment. I'm going to guess PVovar has done a lot of really nice work in this area. 2018, she and her colleagues did a very large scale multi-disciplinary review of the types of open access publications across time. And you'll see that it is getting, in 2018, it was close to almost 50% multi-disciplinary. We did a review, I'm not pleased, actually we used, we just used the open access button and in our little field of special education, we found a much lower rate of open access articles, more, Jessie, I don't know if you remember, I think it was 20, give or take 25%, it was about a quarter of the articles, but I think the open access button unfortunately missed some. So I suspect it's higher than that. But you really see that there is more and more open access available out there and the big growth seems to be in gold journals with a hybrid growing as well, but the biggest area is actually bronze where publishers, and I hope I'm getting the colors right because I'm colorblind, but I'm thinking that's the right order, that bronze, they're not reliable, it comes and goes. Green doesn't seem to be growing recently, but in the article, they talk about that that is to some degree at least an artifact of their coding procedures, where a lot of these articles are actually, or a lot of these papers are actually available green, but published in a gold journal or are available via bronze open access. And if a green article was also available in another way, they coded it under one of these other ways. So in some ways, I think the static or even slightly diminishing number of green publications just reflects the growing number of other types of open access publications. And this is that open access advantage we were talking about, and I don't wanna belabor this, but bronze hybrid green much higher than average amount of citations. Interestingly, gold, that's not the case, which is somewhat counterintuitive and the authors hypothesize because oftentimes these journals are just very small journals that aren't accessed very often. So they actually have the lowest level of citations, but other ways to make papers open access seem to result in greater access and which translates into greater impact on citations. Is this you, Suzanne? Yes, it is. So although the green publications may not be the largest subset, there are a lot of advantages for the green open access. So we're focusing here on green because it is free and it's an option for everyone. So there are some different types of green open access we're gonna highlight for here. Some are the independent or nonprofit kinds of green open access. For example, we have preprints.org or we have something that is discipline specific. So in education, Ed Archive is an area where you can post your preprints. You also have some for-profit archives, something like Research Gate. I know some people may be familiar with Research Gate and have found some pre and post prints there as well. You also have institutional repositories that are through the university or the group that you work with. So UVA, for example, uses Libre Open and that would be an option of preprints for you as well or the researcher's personal website would be an option in order to publicly post these things. So we're gonna show you two different screenshots of what these look like. This is an example of Ed Archive. This is that independent nonprofit that is discipline specific for education. So as you can see, it works both ways. You're able to submit a preprint as a researcher and then you're able to update through Ed Archive. You're also able to search through the search bar and be able to locate preprints through that as well. And then another option that we talked about is the institutional repository. This is an example of the University of Virginia one, Libre Open. So again, you're able to, as the researcher, go in and post your preprints in that way and organize them in that fashion and show them that way. Back to me. This is me. Oh, take it away. If you want to take over, go ahead. So one quick note, thank you, Suzanne, for that. When I first kind of got into preprints, I thought it would maybe be beneficial to kind of put my preprint out in as many places as possible. But it's important to remember that in most places when you post a preprint, they come with a DOI, a digital object identifier, I think is what it's called. And so when tracking citations and things of that nature, it might get a little tricky if you have a bunch of different DOIs for the same paper. So I found that it's helpful to kind of pick one repository and use that and then link that one preprint or postprint to the published paper. So something to think about as if you're kind of diving into preprints for the first time. So we've been talking a lot about different terms that we've been using preprint and postprint, and what does that mean? There's not a real hard definition out there, but what we kind of go by and what others have kind of gone by is that a preprint is just your author formatted paper that you will submit to a journal. It doesn't have to be submitted to a journal, but it's kind of this idea of it's your paper and a word doc before you submit it to a journal. And then a postprint is as a preprint that has gone undergun, excuse me, undergun peer review. And so we would think of a postprint as having been improved through peer feedback, peer review, and made that better. And so in some instances, we might see some journals or publishers want to put a hold on kind of when you can share that postprint because of the value added through peer review and through that journal. So we'll talk about that segue into some additional ideas. So an APC, an article processing charge, this doesn't actually apply to green open access as there's no charge to share your papers on preprint repositories. But if you begin to think about other types of open access, whether that's hybrid or gold, just know that there might be a charge associated with that. And in some cases, it can be very large. It can be a lot of money. In special education, the average APC is about $3,000. So yeah, it's not a small chunk of change. And then the journal, it can be really large. I think it was some of the nature journals now. They're over $10,000 a pop for article processing charges to make your paper open. Yeah, so publishers find ways to make money no matter how much we try, right, Brian? We won't get political on this because it's being recorded. But an embargo is a period of time when you have to hold off on posting that postprint. As I mentioned, that value added in some instances, journals or publishers will want you to hold off on sharing that postprint because in many instances it could be very similar to the published paper. And then finally, we have open access licenses. So if you go to EdArchive or another preprint repository, they'll ask you to select a license. And this is really a key to open access because it's a license that allows it to be open for others to use. And so when looking at different publishers, some have different embargo periods on postprints. Most don't have an embargo period on preprints. You might run into a few journals that don't want you to post a preprint and put that in their policies. But for the most part, publishers are fine with you posting a preprint. So it's important to check the journal policy as well as publisher policy. But as you'll see here, so for many of us, at least in special ed, we use Sage a lot so you can see there's no embargo. Springer average about 12 months. Taylor and Francis 12, 18 months. And then the mothership Elsevier 12 to 48 months. So important to consider and know about and read up on before you kind of select a journal for where you're going to publish your work. Jesse, can I jump in for just a second? Of course. I think it's important here too in the second column. These are for the authors accepted manuscripts. So these are their postprints, but they're not the published, they're not the PDF of the publication. They are your, it's the final version of the manuscript, except perhaps for final copy edits. But it's a PDF of your Word document probably or you might format it differently, but it's your, it's the author's version, but it's the final version. And so most publishers, not all publishers, but most publishers, you can post that for many of them. It's after a year or a year and a half or two years or in some Elsevier journals up to four years, but for some journals, including Sage, which just happens to be a publisher. Yes, the link is the links at the bottom there. And I think we'll make these slides available. I think they'll be posted on OSF. But Sandra, feel free to just email me and I can share it with you too. That it really varies by publisher. And this is something that they've put together. Jesse and I did a review a couple of years ago of journals and publishers in the special education field and we found it quite difficult sometimes to discern exactly what the policy was. And it's interesting in my discussion with different journal editors, they typically don't know and largely don't care. But of course we wanna adhere to the requirements. And this is what you're signing very often when you sign a copyright form, when an article is accepted to abide by these type of things, but it is really nice. And it might be something that you think about in terms of where you're gonna be submitting to, to me to be able to post the accepted version the day that something gets accepted with no embargo at all is a huge advantage. And that's a consideration that I make when I'm submitting to a journal. And one thing that's been helpful for Brian and I is to become friends with your, if you work in an institution, your institution librarians, they're huge advocates not only in open access but they often have experience navigating a lot of these different policies. So it doesn't hurt to reach out to your librarians and ask them for help if you're unsure of what the policy is. Okay, so when you are posting your preprint, I know some people think of preprints as kind of anarchy just throw it up there. But in most preprint repositories we have a system where you're still have a copyright license for your work and you can kind of determine how others use and interact with your work. And so most people are very familiar with the Creative Commons licenses. So the CCBY, CCBYSA. And so as you're going through and we'll show in a little bit, there's options for some of these different licenses but most will pick either this by attribution. So others can copy, distribute, display, perform and remix your work if they give you credit or this no derivative work. So they can use it but they can't kind of remix it and build upon what you've done. Okay, a few concerns. Obviously this one gets brought up a lot that preprints haven't gone undergone peer review which it is a concern. I think there's a lot of preprints that are very strong and not very flawed out there and there's a lot of papers that are out there that are also flawed. And so it's important to recognize but I think preprints can still be very valuable potentially for researchers as we've mentioned earlier and if maybe someone doesn't have the advanced training they can use a preprint to determine if they want to purchase this paper in the future or if they want to reach out to the researcher and ask for it. And so I think there's still a lot of benefits to preprints despite them not being peer reviewed. And pre and post prints, they may vary by published version and I know some researchers don't like this idea of having a paper out there where it's different from maybe the final version but I think it's kind of important to go back to this idea. The importance as Brian Nosek discussed this morning or this afternoon of openness and transparency it's really important to kind of open up this process and it's okay for others to see that yes everyone knows your paper changed and improved it's okay if that's out there and if it might be a little bit different than the published version. And I think I wrote that bullet and I don't think I did a great job phrasing it. I think that the concern did at least one of the concerns here is that when you download a print from an archive, you really don't know is this a paper that has been published and it is verbatim the published version it's just formatted differently or is this a paper that has not been published? Is this a paper that has been published but it is very different from the published version without providing that information which I know when I first started posting preprints I just posted a paper and I thought that's great and look people are downloading it that's wonderful but it's challenging then for the consumer to know how to make sense of kind of what version of the paper is this the final version there is no other version or this is very different from the published version that they may or may not be able to access. And really the recommendations that we're providing today are very simple but they can lead to a lot more clarity for consumers and readers of research who are approaching this preprint like you said Brian unsure of where it's at in the process and so I think it's very different a postprint that's been updated multiple times and we know it's been published in a reputable journal versus a preprint that's being posted for the first time we might approach those a little bit differently. And so a few recommendations one of the things that is most challenging about this is updating these preprints throughout the process and I know many people kind of have a workflow where they've established all right this papers in data collection this paper is I'm writing this paper is under peer review and this paper I'm revising and resubmitting right and what we need to do is simply add on these additional steps for posting and updating preprints in that process and so for example when you submit a preprint for review at the same time you post that manuscript to a preprint repository such as Ed Archive when you receive feedback from peer review and you revise and resubmit you when you resubmit you update that preprint into a postprint on Ed Archive and then when you get that great news that it's being published you take that author that accepted version of the manuscript and update it one more time and then add some additional language in there that hey this has been accepted here's where you can find the published paper and the DOI to the published paper and so not just updating it but making sure we're clearly indicating at what step of the process this journal this paper is at is very important for consumers of research and so this is kind of what we've been talking about but we start out with this preprint we submit it to a journal for peer review it comes back, we make changes to it we update it, it becomes a postprint and then finally it gets to the published version of the manuscript it's important to note that almost never unless it's a gold or diamond version a gold or diamond journal are we sharing the PDF copy edited version of that paper online freely to be accessed by anyone out in the universe and so generally when we think about green open access we're really limiting ourselves to the author version of that paper whether it's before peer review or after peer review and then this is something I developed during the pandemic when we had loads of time and there was nothing better to do but essentially this is a flow chart and we'll link this for you in the chat on getting started and kind of going through all these steps of pre-printing and post-printing your papers once it gets accepted go back and update it and et cetera and so we'll share this with you a few people have told me that it's helpful so happy to share this resource with you as once again wherever you're at in this preprint journey hopefully it can be helpful as you make it part of your workflow and continue to post and update your preprints. And it really, Jesse did a really nice job of laying out all of the kind of considerations here it's not as convoluted as it looks it is basically just kind of an expansion with more considerations of the previous slide which just kind of lays out and I have started to adopt this and like a lot of things once you start to make it part of your workflow it becomes much easier a co-author submitted a paper today and everyone okay with submitting this as a pre-print send me that the last version of it and it's out and because I'm the moderator for Ed Archive I accepted it right away and it is now available as a pre-print and then depending on our time and how much substantive changes and how many rounds of review it goes through we might update that as it goes through review and then actually this isn't for a Sage Journal so I'm gonna have to look up the embargo period for Wiley but as soon as for Sage Journals which is what I tend to publish in then as soon as it's accepted I post a post-print with the final version of it and it's just kind of just goes through that process which is it's a lot of arrows but that's what is represented here. Okay, Brian, I think you're up. And so this is just an example of a recent paper that I did to try to make some of this concrete here so it is a paper that's recently been accepted and is now available online it hasn't been published yet in one of a Sage Journal in our field of special education Exceptional Children. And so this is just what it looks like on Ed Archive where I posted a couple of things to point out part of which we'll go over very briefly here we stated there were no conflicts of interest there are data publicly available for it and pre-registration that are the pre-registration is available as well and just some of the points of Ed Archive that list of views and downloads for you. Go ahead, Jesse. And so this is just we couldn't fit it all in one screen and make it legible. This is the bottom. And so this is what I put I don't think there's anything magical about this but I've gotten more detailed I've seen some sites or some authors do this with a watermark but this is the second version. So it tells you what version it is. And so I posted a pre-print initially and then when it was accepted as a Sage Journal we immediately posted the post-print. And so this is version two if I wanted to just to the left of this I can download previous versions and this isn't live but I could click and then access the initial pre-print that was posted. And to be clear and to try to be transparent over what version this is. I indicated that this has gone through peer review it's been accepted. Here's the DOI which I included there but is also by default. You can add that into the when you upload a version so it's listed here as well right above that is the DOI of the pre-print. One of the really nice things though when this gets if someone was to cite the pre-print because the DOI is linked that would actually kind of get credited to the journal and to the published paper. I think that's all I wanted to cover here. So this is actually just a little screenshot at the bottom of the initial pre-print. And so here is a paper the paper has not undergone peer review and I just I don't know if it's absolutely necessary but I thought it couldn't hurt. It was submitted for peer review on this date. In some ways I'd like to put this and maybe I should have put it in bigger font I'd like to highlight it in some way I think this is really important but this is on page one and this is as much as anything I think what is one of the things that we think is real important realizing that you can update these different versions of them there is a transparent record then in 99.9% of cases I bet no one's gonna go back and look to see what changes were made from the initial submission to the publication but it's there if someone wanted to but the idea that during the months the many months that this was under peer review I forget but I think it went through two rounds of peer review that this was available but it was clear that it had not yet been peer reviewed which I think is just really critical for consumers to know. So stating that there in combination with putting multiple versions out ending with the post print that corresponds with the published version as soon as one can with the embargo that is imposed by the journal which interestingly I'm just as an aside the OSTP Membo if it is funded research I think it's by the end of 2025 there gonna be no embargoes for work that comes out of federally US federally funded research which there are different funding agencies have different agreements in different countries around embargo periods. And Brian some researchers have already began replicating this paper right before it's been published. Good point. Yeah, so this is the second time this has happened to me where we've been contacted about other authors replicating our work that was posted as a preprint before the work was actually published in a journal. So I think it just is a kind of a testament to the potential impact in the scholarly community by putting these preprints out there that people are not only accessing them but they're replicating them and how this can accelerate the pace of science when it isn't slowed down by waiting potentially multiple years until something is available after it's done to go through peer review. There is the flip side of that though that if this ended up being a horrible paper that shouldn't have been published then maybe there is someone who didn't have the background to discern that might be influencing one way or another by a paper that hadn't undergone peer review but that's why we're encouraging in the spirit of transparency to put that on the to make that clear on the cover page of the print. So just a couple of resources that we found helpful the traditional recommendation is Sherpa Romeo to look up and find journal OA policies. I know at one time when I was looking at this more closely in our somewhat smaller field of special education not all the journals were there not all the information was necessarily updated. That's probably not the case now but I think for all of these things is probably worth double-checking with the journal and or the publisher site. One thing that I just found about recently share your paper when you publish a paper you can enter your DOI and it will tell you the journal's policies for journal policy for sharing post prints. And so I can tell you post that post print you're available if you can or you gotta wait 12 months to do it but you can check that. When I first started doing this I went through a little period where the oh this is past the embargo for everywhere something that I published 10 years ago the issue was then going back and finding the document and I oftentimes wasn't able to do that but when I was able to find the final document I could post that now and that's even if it is old that's great to have it out there open access then. And then the final thing hashtag pretty pre-prints OSF makes available different print templates which will show you at least one of those coming up here in a second but you can make your Word document formatted to look a lot like a journal article which we're kind of of two minds about I don't think that's the point but who was when we were talking earlier about the I forget Danielle, Suzanne and or Jesse mentioned that it can actually make different audiences take the paper more seriously when it's formatted like a journal but then I think that kind of highlights the importance of being very clear about whether this is the final version or that this isn't actually the published article when it's not. And so this is just a screenshot of shareyourpaper.org and so that paper that we referenced early in the talk from teaching exceptional children which is the premier practitioner journal in our field that we thought wow it's a shame this isn't available open access for parents and teachers and other folks. You put in that DOI and this is what it says that find the manuscript that the journal accepted it's not the PDF from the journal site it's not the journal formatted paper but you find the manuscript and you can post it it's a sage journal like many in our field are so there is no embargo, post it today I just picked one from the most current issue up there but I kind of feel like writing all the authors from the current issue and say you can post this take a look at this presentation we'll tell you how. And this is just an example of from one of the formats one of the templates for pretty preprints that you can use to make your word document look like a journal article if you're so inclined and then the rest of it let's see how we're doing this will be available maybe should we just skim through it super fast so we have a few minutes if people wanna chat we'll go through this stop us if you have any questions this is submitting on ed archive I'm not good with this stuff and I can do it so it isn't that hard this is just a screenshot of the I couldn't fit it all in one we couldn't fit it all in one here so we've got the top these are the areas that you have to fill in you just upload the file from your computer go ahead to the next screen Jesse and this is the other areas which the rest of it is just going through and so we'll just look at those super, super quickly here and at the end you submit preprint it does go through moderation which is Jesse and I and we check it more days than not and basically we make sure you haven't said something that there's not huge awful things in there we're not in the business of peer reviewing we're just making sure that the content is an education and is just not something that shouldn't be posted publicly so this is author assertions they wanna know if there's public data and or preregistration let me just check this is the basics you can choose a license and there's a drag down menu of the different licenses you can choose from if it is a postprint and that you can put the DOI for the publication keywords that you wanna have that are searchable paste in the abstract which is then available when people search you can choose disciplinary keywords to identify the paper you upload authors and if they don't have an account through OSF you have to add them but it's really easy just put in their name and their email address conflict of interest yes no if you have any supplemental materials that you wanna upload you upload them and I think that is it and then the last thing that we wanted to note once this is posted if in this case we don't because we already updated is the final version but if it wasn't and we wanted to change it when I log in and go to one of my preprints that I have administrative control over there's a button there to edit the preprint and you click on that and you basically just upload the new version and it comes up as a new version you have the option to change other information like the abstract or maybe there's data available now or if you wanna change any of the other metadata you can at that time as well and as it we're done. So again, you all probably have different tricks of the trade that we don't know about and if you have any questions or thoughts or concerns about any of this we'd love to hear it or we could also go eat. I do know let's see where did it go? I think it was Neil brought up a point that we have wrestled with what so posting a preprint how does that impact mass peer review and it is something that we've struggled with and there are certain there have been a couple of instances when I kind of thought it was a bit of an esoteric topic where people maybe within my closer within my circle I thought might be reviewing it and that if I posted a preprint and tweeted about it that they then might not be available as mass peer reviewers and so what I've done actually now and I did I thought about this a fair amount at one point I thought it's not my problem that's the reviewer that's the editor's problem and there's plenty of reviewers in the sea out there although we do know that journals are really struggling to find enough editors for a lot or reviewers for a lot of papers so might not wanna shoot yourself on the foot that way but what I do now is I post a preprint I like having that available just for the broader community but if I do have concerns about the pool of kind of tainting the pool of or minimizing the pool of potential reviewers I won't tweet about it or I won't try to publicize it and there is the concern that people could discover it as I think Crystal had put in the chat I do think if people really wanna find if reviewers really wanna find out they can probably in most instances figure out who the author is especially in smaller fields I tend to be okay with trusting the reviewers and the editor's discretion about this and I tend not to try to publicize the preprint as much as I do the postprint because it has occurred after the peer review process is done then. I have a quick question for you this was great today, thank you for the resources. I really liked that you talked about equity in terms of being able to access articles that's where I started to become very, very interested in open science was when I was still providing services in the field and couldn't get out the articles I needed to to be able to do best practices. Heck yeah. And I found workarounds by being on committees for students and then they had to give me access to the databases but that won't work for everyone but the flip side of that that I'm finding is with these hefty fees I worry about equity too on the other publishing side as publishers start to go towards this and then charge those fees. New graduates, new assistant professors people like that who may not have hefty grants to be able to pay those fees also are gonna have trouble and then we're also gonna have kind of a missing data problem if they can, if we're really limited in terms of which journals we could afford to publish and have you had many talks about that? I like that a lot of the universities are starting to band together to kind of get like larger contracts to be able to publish some open access without fees. Would love your thoughts on that if you've found some solutions to that? Well, I don't know if it's a solution exactly but I think it may be and I just didn't do a good enough job emphasizing it here. So that's a problem with the gold journals that are charging and hybrid with the article processing charges which can be quite substantial especially if you're publishing a fair amount but the green has no cost associated with it and so to post a postprint, that is free. I think the issue is there is depending on your field I think people just aren't as used to it and getting what is essentially a PDF of someone's personal word document I think there's a sense of well this is just off of somebody's computer and so having that this is this corresponds with the published article it's just in a different format and put it in that pretty preprint if you want but essentially, yeah, I think the green open access gets around that because it is entirely cost free and it's something that it is very interesting and it's not something I follow super closely but it is interesting to see the publishers react to this and because that's, I mean, honestly we don't need the publishers to do any of this we're doing all the work for free all the substantive work ourselves as researchers and peer reviewers and the editors maybe get paid some but it's just nothing compared to the publishers profits on this and so they're now trying to shape the direction of this towards the gold journals and the hybrid to have lots of options to pay them and so the formatting may not be quite as great or something but we can do all of this ourselves I do think too, I think we're starting we're starting a small one in special education there are a couple others in our field that I'm aware of I'll be really interested to see some of these smaller diamond journals that are run on the cheap but don't charge article processing fees how they compete with the more established journals that are making the publishers and other professional organizations a ton of money substantively they could be just as good if the review board is just as good there is no reason why we can't disseminate and format things ourselves it's just not what we're used to so yeah, I'd really like to see us step away from kind of relying on the publishers to organize things that we can do ourselves and it's costing either consumers or researchers a ton of money in the process sorry, I'll get off my soapbox now but to me it's just kind of a no brainer that we should be going down this road yeah, I agree and Crystal is under the COS events, comments there I don't wanna get too far in the weeds but we're hoping to launch next year and we have a small amount we're gonna call it research in special education or RISE and there's also a journal and teacher prep run out of bowling green we're just talking to a colleague at University of Oklahoma who is starting a or just got approval to develop a diamond journal around single case design research which is a prominent design in special education and it dawned on us that we do have kind of this almost like sweet or coalition of smaller emerging diamond journals we were talking with someone at our library here who's in charge of this who we've been working with just to develop this journal and I don't have the name of it off the top of my head but there is a kind of organization that works with and they had it in math and linguistics and one other field that I'm forgetting where they had kind of a consortium of these diamond journals that were working together to help each other out and to promote each other's work and wow, that'd be great if we could do something like that in education. Yes, yeah. Now, I did, I thought about that too, Crystal, yeah. It would be interesting to kind of pool resources in a way like that instead of having all of these different review boards that everybody's associated with have one and then it goes to one of these journals that's the best fit.