 The literature supports the use of telehealth as a supplement or adjunct to in-person care for managing chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure, CHF, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM. However, evidence is needed to determine if telehealth can be used as an equivalent and equitable replacement for in-person care and to assess potential adverse effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of synchronous telehealth, real-time response among individuals via phone or phone and video, with in-person care, or compared with phone, if synchronous video care, for chronic management of CHF, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and T2DM on key disease-specific clinical outcomes and health care use. The study followed systematic review methodologies and searched two databases, Medline and M-Base. It included randomized or quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the effect of synchronously delivered telehealth for relevant chronic conditions that occurred over greater than or equal to two encounters, and in which some or all in-person care was supplanted by care delivered via phone or video. The study assessed bias using the Cochrane effective practice and organization of care risk of bias. This article was authored by Allison A. Lewinsky, Connor Walsh, Sharon Rushton, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.