 bone tissue is composed of multiple cell types, each with their own unique electrical properties. These properties are influenced by the interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix, as well as mechanical forces. Bone tissue also exhibits a variety of electrochemical phenomena, such as streaming potential, electro-osmosis, and electromechanical coupling. These properties are important for understanding how bone tissue functions and responds to injury or disease. This article was authored by Boon Chin-Heng, Young Young Bai, Xiao Chen Li, and others.