 Good afternoon. Welcome back dear friends. I hope you, we energize yourself and let's start this afternoon session. And of course we, Dara and I are listeners this afternoon session, at least in the beginning, but we are going to start with the action groups this afternoon. And just a little bit of the history of the action groups. Can we close the door? Can somebody close it? When we started with the, or followed the Alliance in 2014, it was of course we see today again how excellent it is to have an inclusive means networking organization inclusive means all stakeholders on board and around the table. But of course it's also about what we thought, not only discussing but also about action so we proposed and it was adopted to have three action groups, one action group on knowledge, one action group on investments and finance and one action group on enabling environment. That's why these three crazy guys were sitting and now in front of you with excellent guys. Alison, Ernie and Maria Rosa have done excellent work over the last couple of years related to the action groups. So, this afternoon, before we have a sunny reception, we have our in their hands. Well thank you very much Hans and Dada we had a wonderful morning and now we're into the second part of our program where the rubber hits the road and we're going to be bringing forward and sharing success stories that have come out of the action groups that Rosa Allison and I have had the honor and privilege of co-chairing for the last several years. And I think it's really appropriate that we spend the next 90 minutes on examples of GAXA members doing real work on the ground that are helping to expand climate smart agriculture across the globe. And we have today five, I guess I were calling them case studies or a little mini reports that we're going to be sharing that will give you a just a taste of the type of work that's happening across our three action groups. And we have organized these three action groups as Hans had said to enable us to divide up and to focus on some of the most important building blocks of climate smart agriculture. And the first is what we heard a lot about this morning, and that's knowledge sharing. There are so many examples of systems and practices and programs and tools and investments that are available to farmers. But if the knowledge isn't shared, if producers aren't aware that these assets, these tools were available, then for what purpose are they. When we structured GAXA back close to 10 years ago, we put a lot of priority around knowledge sharing to help enable the transfer of knowledge across the world, so we can scale up quicker. In a similar way, we looked very hard at what needed to be done to further enable the scaling up of climate smart agriculture. And a lot of this work has to do with the technical and the policy needed to enable the practices that underpin the work we're doing to scale. So we created a separate group that really focused on enabling policies and we have an example of that this afternoon. And the third action group, again, is was reflected in what we talked about this morning is our investment action group. Because if we don't have resources to put behind these programs and these practices, their ability to scale are going to be compromised. So this afternoon we'll walk through these five case study examples of GAXA members doing real work on the ground. And remember, it's all about trying to drive in advance, what we call the three pillars of climate smart agriculture. And that starts with what's most important to producers, which is being sustainable, being able to intensify the production of not just commodities, but also everything else that they produce the water they filter the store the carbon, they sequester the biodiversity that they enhance the local economies, they improve the livelihoods that they benefit. And that's what we mean when we mean sustainable intensification it's not just about producing more of a commodity. The second pillar of climate smart agriculture that we work to address is adaptation and improvements and resiliency. And we all know from the examples that each of us have experienced our home countries, the impact that changing climatic conditions are having on us. So these conditions are becoming increasingly erratic increasingly extreme, and are compromising the ability of agriculture to be successful in delivering solutions to sustainable development goals. So pillar two is another essential area of focus for GAXA. And then the third pillar is sometimes what we spend a lot of time talking about in a separate silo is if it's not related to the first two. But that's greenhouse gas emission reductions. One of the good news of climate smart agriculture is that these reductions or soil carbon sequestration if we're thinking of that way to reduce or capture greenhouse gas emissions is a code benefit of sustainable well managed farms and ranches and greenhouse gas emissions to the world. So we don't have to wake up every day trying to help the farm community convince themselves to deliver greenhouse gas emission reductions. That we found is a concurrent benefit that comes when they're improving their own operation their own livelihoods. So it just makes promoting what we're doing a little bit easier. So a quick overview of the three GAXA action groups, and now we're going to be getting to segue and shift into our five presentations we have three that come under the knowledge action group, one from our investment action group, and another from our enabling action group. And the plan is that we're going to run through fairly brief and concise presentations each one is going to go no longer than eight minutes. We'll pause and allow a few questions after each, but we want to keep the program moving, because at the end of the presentations, we put you to work. So this morning we did a lot of sitting and listening this afternoon we're going to be rolling up our sleeves and dividing into three separate work groups. And we have a couple of questions that we're going to pose to you. And we are fortunate that we have some very capable recorders that will be introduced in a little bit that will be helping to capture your comments. So those in the room will be dividing into three groups. For those online you'll be dividing into three virtual rooms. So be pay attention we're going to be counting on your close attention to detail and giving us feedback as we go forward. Say again, we need to share the presentation. Yes. So for our tech team if you could share screen to allow presentations we're about to move to our very first presentation. And that is going to be by Allison Dr Allison moral chapter can, who is an adjective professor of international law in the Cornell law school. She's also a senior research associate in the College of Agriculture of Life Sciences at Cornell University, where she's been leading a Cornell climate smart farming and climate stewards programs. So, Allison, we look forward to having you share your presentation with us the floor is yours. Okay, thank you very much. Could you advance a few slides. That was the next slide, it will make these all available to you this is the overview that Ernie provided of our action groups. And next slide. Okay, so I'm going to talk to you today about the climate smart farming and soil health initiatives at Cornell University, we're located in Ithaca, New York, and we are one of the strongest agriculture plants in in our country. I'm presenting this with Debbie aller who's online and Jenna Walsak and Emily Lynn back hopefully who are also online who work with Cornell University and cooperative extension. So next slide. We're starting to start out with the farmers perspective. And you can see on the screen here this is a farmer whose name is Tor Oschner. He's located in Newfield, New York. We interviewed him a few years ago about climate change and agriculture, what he's seeing on his farm. He says a normal season does not seem like it happens anymore. It's either really dry or really wet. It seems like when we get rain, it's apocalyptic. We got five inches of rain in about an hour and a half, and I had a lot of soil loss. So Tor is a field crops grower organic grower has about more than 1000 acres of land. So our really our program next slide is really meant to serve farmers. We're moving towards resilient and sustainable agriculture, ecological and social systems in the face of a rapidly changing climate. We launched the climate smart farming extension team and program in 2015. It was the first of its kind in our in the United States. Next slide. So here you can see our website. It is climate smart farming dot or G and this website is useful for any farmers in the northeastern United States. That's about 10 states along the northeast, including New York. And what we do here is provide a link to the applied research and research that happens at Cornell University. We've developed several decision tools, resources that we provide here and links to an extension team. Next slide. So I'm really proud of our extension team that I get to work with these wonderful individuals you can see that all of them except for Eric are women. Strong women, ag educators and specialists who work in the areas around New York state on ag resiliency and stewardship, dairy management field crops, berries and grapes, soil health, vegetable production and viticulture. And what they do is they get questions from farmers in our region about climate change and they help provide solutions and also help them understand how to change practices to be climate smart. So next slide. We also Cornell Cooperative Extension. This is a little bit hard to see but establish the dedicated to educators dedicated full time to work on climate change and resiliency. And they're located in the Hudson Valley but really provide leadership for the entire state. They're doing a lot of farm visits developing fact sheets doing talks about mitigation and adaptation. Next slide. I wanted to share our decision tools if you want to go to the website you can try them out. You would just put any address that's in New York State. A farmer can go to this site and enter some field data, their location, the planting date, for example, and this is would be for the, the next slide is for the growing degree day calculator, and it would share with them where they can see the season as compared to the last several seasons and what the seasonal outlook looks like. So this is a really helpful tool that's updated on a daily basis, and it can also look back and see how the climate has changed over time. So next slide. The final thing on this portion is that Deborah and I have been co-leading a climate impacts assessment for New York State on agriculture. And this is like the IPCC or the National Climate Assessment for the US. This is a New York State assessment. I think it's an extremely valuable, valuable exercise to do a climate impacts assessment and our assessment is focusing on adaptation as well. So next slide. Now I'm going to present the work that Deborah is doing at Cornell University. And she's part of our New York soil health resiliency program where really they're focusing on advancing soil health management for sustainable agriculture. They're doing field research on cover cropping, tillage and carbon management, as well as new techniques for assessing soil health, and they're coordinating outreach activities and training events. So next slide. In case you're not aware, soil health is so critical to climate change, mitigation and adaptation. Healthy soils are comprised of biological, chemical and physical properties. And I learned this because I took a three day intensive soil health training at Cornell. That was so fantastic. So our team is really looking at soil health and its connection to humans and the environment. Next slide. Okay. The other thing that this team is doing is conducting comprehensive assessments of soil health and farmers can gather a sample or many samples from their farms send it to the lab that was launched in 2006. We literally have processed 32,000 more than that samples over the end 20,000 of the last five years, and this gives farmers a sense of their soil health and assessment of that. It's incredibly helpful. And next slide. And her colleague, Joe Amsley have also been conducting statewide and regional characterizations and publishing these reports. Next slide. And then really importantly, they've conducted many, many field days on farms. Last year around the state with 570 farmers participating. I had the honor of participating at the central New York. On Thursday, we had 75 farmers there and I talked about climate smart agriculture. It was on the Rodman lot farm. So that just gives you a snapshot. Next slide is our contact information of really the applied research extension outreach and assessment work that we're doing at Cornell. Thank you. Okay, Allison, thank you. Is there a burning question one. I don't want us to get us bogged down here because we've got to get through five presentations that if there's something they really want to jump up and ask, we'll give someone a shot. Okay, hearing none. Thank you very much Allison that was the first of our knowledge. This is one of our knowledge sharing presentations. And now we're going to move on to another really exciting program that I personally have had a chance to be involved with and help support. And it's the African for our nutrient stewardship program. And with us today online virtually is Dr. Shamie Ziggur. He's the director of research and development for the African plant nutrition Institute. He's based in Morocco, and has spent his career working around his strong interest and application of crop soil models and decision support systems to improve recommendations for fertilizer and soil fertility management. So with no further ado, Shamie the floor is yours welcome. Thank you very much. Great. I appreciate the opportunity to contribute to this very important discourse on climate smart agricultural systems and looking at how we can contribute to global network for knowledge sharing and impact with the different technologies. I'm going to address the highlights on a very novel projects that we are implementing in Africa addressing for our nutrient stewardship and want to acknowledge Clyde Graham was actually attending the meeting in person and he's the leader of the overall, you know project and a lot of what I'm going to talk about today has been supported a lot by his inputs. So I just want to start by providing the context of the project if I can go to the next slide please. Africa does stand out, especially the sub-Saharan Africa sub region, it does stand out as being the only region that has a leg behind in achieving the levels of productivity growth that are needed to achieve self food efficiency. So, looking for the last six decades, most other developing regions in the world have been able to accelerate for production growth, reaching about four times the HECA production levels. Africa has experienced very slow growth and still experiences a very large gap in crop yields. And this law for production situation is a key underlying factor of the high incidence of hunger and malnutrition, but then also because 70% of the populations directly or indirectly supported in terms of life loads from agriculture is also a big factor in lagging overall economic development. And then in the agricultural systems context, because the key factors underlying the law for productivity due to law investments in organic and inorganic fertilizers, and that has resulted in extensive nutrient mining and land degradation as well, which is a key factor that affects the overall productivity of the region to climate change, and also a large part of the driver of extensive education, area expansion, contributing more to production growth, and resulting in biodiversity laws, and a large part of a mission of greenhouse gases associated with the law input systems and and and education into the areas that result in deforestation as well. If I could click next please. So our work as part of the four are nutrient stewardship program and other projects as well, clearly demonstrate the potential for increasing productivity. So I'm just showing here a very typical on farm research trial showing on the left hand side the farmer's field, which represents about a one to two ton crop. And then at the top of the picture is a control plot without the laser, which actually performed better than the farmer plots just because of agronomy. And the next plots represent different inputs, levels, and reaching the last plot where we have balance nutrition, and that's the case where we demonstrate that with balance nutrient management, we can actually readily move from a one ton per hectare situation to a five to six ton per hectare situation, showing the potential that nutrients have in unlocking the potential of African agriculture. Next please. So addressing the challenge of local productivity in Africa would depend to a large extent on increasing nutrient application and in combination with other best agronomic practices as well, but we do recognize the need to work towards efficient and effective use so that increased nutrient application translates into high nutrient use efficiencies, and then maximize the positive benefits that we derive from the gliders and minimize the negative environmental consequences. Whilst we build soil health, and also the resilience of farming systems in Africa to climate change. Next, please. So to achieve this goals, the nutrient strategy provides a very novel framework that aims to ensure sustainability of nutrient use in global systems. So this is a global framework based on global principles at the core of sustainability nutrient management, and this is a framework developed by the global fertilizer industry, and is now globally recognized by research community as well. So at the core of sustainable nutrient management is the need to apply the right source of nutrients. I just want to emphasize when we mentioned right source we are not just talking about fertilizer, but also where relevant organic resources play a key part of bringing in the right nutrients that get more benefits for soil health as well, and then ensuring that farmers applying nutrients at the right rate at the right time at the right place. So achieving a good balance based on scientifically proven principles allows us to design a holistic nutrient management framework that focuses on the four key management interventions on source, rate, time, and place. And this has to be done considering the overall farming systems because nutrient use in production is linked to other components of the farm large talk investments in mechanization and then also decision making in the economic, you know, viability that farmers aim to achieve as well. And the core part of nutrient management based on the source, rate, time, and place is very much relevant to the six core actions of responsible blood nutrition, which include digital solutions for improving distance and information access, recycling of nutrients, producing not just high yields but ensuring that we are paying attention to the nutritional value of the food produced, accelerated innovation, and nutrient roadmap. This is ensuring that we better understand the sustainability of nutrient use at country levels. But more important, I think, and relevant for the meeting today is also ensuring that fertilizers are used in a smart way to achieve environmental sustainability as well. And at a broader scale, the all aim of ensuring that we have a good balance in source, rate, and time is to achieve broader environmental, social, and economic sustainability as well. And this is next slide please. So, this is a global framework that we have been adapting in the African context. And for the last four years, we have been implementing the four are solutions project, which is funded by the Canadian government. In the first phase of the project, we have actually been able to reach 80,000 smallholder farmers with knowledge on how they can adapt for us to improve the performance of their farms and we are dealing mostly with smallholder farming systems. The key components of the project include knowledge development and dissemination, then improving the overall agricultural productivity from income, but also to make sure that we are having an inclusive process that addresses some of the gender disparities, and the disparities that we find on the continent, and then paying attention to environmental sustainability. And this part of our technical process for developing solutions. We work on a diagnostic process of identifying the key production constraints including nutrient deficiencies, and then designing holistic for our nutrient management recommendations for specific sites that address farm specific needs. We have a dissemination process that allows us to reach farmers at scale to derive impact. I just want to acknowledge the core partners of the project that I indicated in the slide and we are also working with national partners in the core countries of Ethiopia, Ghana and Senegal where the project has been implemented in the first phase. Next please. And then we are currently in the process of exploring opportunity of a second phase, which will expand to an additional three countries Malawi, and of course in Tanzania, and potentially looking at another five phase where we are aiming to then scale the lessons learned from pilot sites in Ethiopia, Ghana and Kenya to an additional three countries. And I wanted to end with the last slides just to highlight that a key emphasis of the program is translating knowledge into practice, and we do place a lot of emphasis in developing different technologies and tools that allow us to put knowledge into the hands of the workers and farmers who really need to be using the four hours. So we have developed a series of extension resources that are available on the project website and these are practically oriented tools that adapted to small order farming systems. We also designed a digital learning program on building the capacity of extension systems for understanding and communicating the information on four hours. And with this research and extension program, we have been able to achieve doubling of crop yields, we've been able to also concurrently achieve increase in fertiliser use efficiencies which means less losses and higher economic benefit for the farmers, which adds a lot of a lot of credence to the potential and the value of four hours for sustainability and resilience of African agriculture. Thank you very much. Amy, thank you very much for that great example of climate smart agriculture and action and I personally, as I said have had some involvement with this. And this is a wonderful example of multiple gaps of partners teaming up so fertilizer Canada, Clyde Graham, the Canadian we had our fertilizer partners conservation partners university partners, working together to bring a program forward that is benefiting not just the climate, but farmers and the environment and stimulating economic development so it's just a wonderful success story. And if you'd like to see a video on it, we felt so we're so impressed by it we wrote a case study and had a video produced in a report that we produce I'd be happy to share that as well. We're moving on to our third presentation today and as you are moderator. Yeah, yes. I'm afraid we're a little tight on time but we'll come back and catch questions at the end. Can they go to the beginning of the slide. Yeah, there we go. So we're going to change the order. Our track. We're going to hold your presentation for one, because Gaxa members sometimes make mistakes, and I made a big mistake today in recruiting our next presenter Terry Cosby with the United States Department of Agriculture. I told him we wanted him to come and share about the investments of the US government was making and climate smart agriculture and told him that we were going to have him on the program at 830pm instead of 230pm. So I had my six hours off he's six hours away. So Terry, I owe you big time for changing your schedule to be with us today, but Terry Cosby is a friend, a colleague of many years. Terry is chief of the USDA natural resource conservation service where he leads the premier federal conservation agency in the United States, which is known for the 3000 local county field offices that has where it helps farmers ranchers and private forest landowners implement their primary conservation practices. Terry began his career on his own family cotton farm went on to study and earn his degree at Alcorn State University, and he is now the chief of the USDA natural resource conservation service. Terry, thank you so much for being with us thank you for accommodating my mistake and welcome to today's forum. Mr. Shea good morning and great to be here with you and. And what I'll say Mr. Shea is only for you. Only for you so it's good to see you and, and next time give me an invitation I want to travel with you and be on site. So, it's good being with you this morning I hope you can hear me okay. And good morning to those of you here in the United States and good afternoon to all of you wherever you are in the world, and it's great to be on with you this morning. I have a few things I want to share with you. And I will try to stay on as long as I can, and maybe see if there's questions I know you're checking questions a little bit at the end here. I want to talk a little bit about USDA and some of the work that we're doing it in our CS are the natural resources conservation service. And one of the big things here we're doing is working with producers to come back climate change. And that's, that's something that is important to our country, our administration out to USDA. I want to talk to you a little bit about my agency the natural resources conservation service. We are agency that works with private land owners. Over 70% of the land in the United States is privately owned over 70% about 7576% of the land United States is private own. And these are the folks that we work with on the databases to look at sustainability and all the things that that go along with agriculture. Now, my agency, I have close to 11,000 employees that work at NRCS. You heard Mr. she talked about the network that we have almost 3000 offices, almost one in every county in the United States. And so those landowners are able to walk into those offices or call us and visit with us. And I have staff there that that that goes out. Now a typical day in the life of one of my field office staff is producer might call in my stop in and say hey, I have some conservation issues I have some, some solid erosion issues I have some water quality issues I have, I have some resource issues on my farm. So one of those conservationists will competent that producer to the land, right what we call a conservation plan is a record for the producer is a record of decisions and alternatives to solve those resource issues. And I want to, and I'll talk a little bit about some of the financial systems that we offer those landowners to help with some of those resource issues of resource needs. And I talked a little bit about the technical assistance. We offer a lot of technical assistance. Our agency was founded on technical assistance. We are we're about 100 years old. We were founded back in the 1930s by our founding father he hadn't been it. And our agency has been strong every sense. And the reason for our agency is that we had a local presence with because all in water conservation districts. And then we also and then we looked at how do we have that federal presence. And so my agency was born out of the dust bowl, back in the early 30s. We had that technical assistance all the time. And then we start having means for financial assistance, how do we get this work completed how do we install lies farmers to do some of these things. Sometimes some of the things we recommend is a little risky. So how do how do we compensate producers for doing this conservation. Now we don't pay for we don't pay for all the conservation that happens in this country. Producers landowners, forest owners of these folks they do this, because they know stewardship is important if they're going to leave it for the next generations. And if we're going to feed a ruined country. They do this. So we do have some financial assistance and a lot of that comes through what we call farm deal. And I'll talk about that here that was a bit later. Some of the key priorities for me, just like when I came in with the Biden administration is improving equity, combating climate change, serving urban agriculture, workforce development and building partnerships. And I'm going to talk a little bit more about our partnership building because we're very important that we have these very diverse and unique partnerships. A little bit on our work on climate change. It is focused on partnership with agriculture with forestry with our tribes with businesses and with communities. It takes a partnership to get this work completed. And, first of all, you have to be able to explain to all these different parts of society. Why this is so important. Why do we need to take care of right now the resources. And once you get buy-in from all those different communities, it works a lot better. My agency, we're voluntary. We're not, it's nothing as mandatory. We work on a voluntary basis. Landowners can call us and work with us. That's why we're so unique. Also, some of the things is we have incentives, some of the incentives. We have farmers to try some of the things that we're recommending. Let's go out and do 50 acres on your 400 acre farm. And if it works, they'll probably do it on the whole 400 acres. So we're incentive-based. We're focused on creating new opportunities and markets for agriculture and forestry. Very important. New opportunities. And that's where a lot of this climate smart information comes in, and I'll talk a little bit more about that here in a moment. We're focusing on ensuring rural America plays a key role in our transition to a cleaner source of energy. And that's something that's very important. So that involves farmers, ranchers, and a lot of this is land-only land. My agency, USDA, supports a whole other government approach to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. And we are really a horn in on that. The work that we do at NRCS is going to be a huge part of achieving that. And our president's climate plan also sets the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52% by 2030. Agriculture here in the United States is going to play a big role into that, especially when we start talking about climate mitigation and some of the work that we're doing across the landscape. Agriculture, forestry, and rural America will play an important role in this. And one of the things that we try to do is talk about the role that agriculture and these early-owned acres played in reaching these goals. Now, we have, we get financial assistance from several ways. I talk about the farm bill. We are implementing the 2018 farm bill right now. There's work going on on the next farm bill for 23. And a lot of the things that happens in the farm bill come down to my agency and we implement that. When we don't write legislation, we implement legislation after Congress and the president passed. This next farm bill will see what states was new and then we will implement whatever is there. But there's also some other legislation that happened this last year that gave NRCS a huge financial boost to help with this. We call it Inflation Reduction Act. We call it IRA. Our agency received approximately $20 billion for my programs to help with this. We have several different programs under each one of these things. And, well, I mean, I got someone calling me, I wanted to get that off here. We have several programs under this. This is called our Environmental Incentive Program. We call it EQUIP. We have a conservation spirited program. We call it CSP. So these, this $20 billion came into my down the program. And so we're able to get into four of them. And we're able to offer more financial assistance to our landowners. $20 billion is a huge investment in conservation. And I have assured the secretary and also the Biden administration that my agency can deliver on this over the next 45 years. We can deliver on this $20 billion in our conservation program. It's the biggest investment that's been made in conservation in my career. And I've been at USDA for 40 years and worked all over the country here. And also some international scientists, but I have never seen an investment in a single bill that gives us the opportunity we have with this inflation reduction act of $20 billion. What it's going to do is the strategy is going to help us expand capacity. The additional funding is going to be targeted. Where do we need it the most? We have a lot of things going on here in the United States from drought to fire to extreme weather conditions. How do I target those funds to make sure we're reaching those climate benefits? The other thing is gives the opportunity to streamline our program delivery. The things we did 40 years ago, we still can do today, but we got to do it in a different way. We're streamlining a lot of this program to make it more inviting for producers to walk in and say, I want to apply. The other thing is when we make these kind of investments, we got to look at what the outcomes are. We got to quantify these outcomes. So I have a team that's going to be working real hard to quantify. You know, one of the things that we have to do that job of when that family is sitting around the dinner table in the evening, having that dinner that may be watching TV. How do we demonstrate that these investments that are being made in conservation are great? How do we tell that American public or even the world that investment in conservation is something that we all should be doing? What are the outcomes? What did they do for me? And so we're going to be really talking about qualifications and outcomes, and that's a big part of the work that we're going to be doing. The other thing is we're going to be leveraging partnerships. We're going to be looking at all types of partners. Who wants to come in? How do we leverage that? We can get so much done better if we have great partnership. Another thing that I committed to when I came in is the advance of equity. How do we make sure that we're covering vast areas, but we're also making sure that everyone is welcome in to join in in conservation? You know, one of the things I talk about is every acre counts, no matter where it is. So we have to be diligent and make sure we look at every acre, whether it's in rural America or urban areas. And we have a lot of folks that really want to be involved in conservation, and they may not have the four or five hundred acres. They could be on a tenth of an acre. How do we work for folks also? Something else that came about this year is called partnerships for climate smart commodity. And this was hugely, hugely successful. USDA invested $3.1 billion for 141 projects through this partnership for climate smart commodities. You know, when we first announced this, we had allocated $1 billion to this, but it was just amazing the outpouring of proposals that came in. It was just a $20 billion of request for the $1 billion that we put out there. And we were able to go back and add another couple of billion to that, and so we were able to secure a $3.1 billion, and we funded 141 projects. These projects we provided, are providing technical and financial assistance to producers to implement climate smart production practices on a voluntary basis on working lands, on working lands. You know, one of the things, the other thing that's going to help these projects is pilot innovation and cost effective methods for quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification of greenhouse gas benefits. Develop markets and promote the result in climate smart commodities. Just think about this. If you can say that you grew your corn, soybeans, cotton, whatever, in an environmentally friendly way. I think that, I think that is going to sell. I think that that commodity is going to be more valuable than not doing it in a climate friendly way. Gary, Gary, if I could cut in, you've given us so much information and this is a phenomenal example of another climate smart agriculture success story where government and NGOs and farmer organizations teamed up together went to the Congress got the funding approved, and then you were tasked with implementing it. So, unfortunately, we're at the point we need to move to the next presentation but this was very inspirational because you've got an audience of leaders across the world that hopefully could be inspired and go do something similar to team up and work with their member states to get the resources that are needed to operate locally. So, Terry, if you can stay with us for Q&A at the end that would be wonderful if you cannot. Your good friend Fred Yoder is here in the room and I'm sure we could look to Fred and ask him to answer some questions about conservation in the United States but Terry thank you again and apologies for getting the time done. Okay, moving right along with our examples of innovative successful climate smart ag projects we are going to turn to a third knowledge sharing program and this is a program that involves knowledge sharing in Armenia around cover crops and soil health and with us today to present and share some information is Artaq Hatrachan, who's the program manager for soil health improvement projects in his country he has 15 years of experience working with farmers in Armenia, where they are demonstrating the practices of soil health improvement and providing on fine farm training for farmers. So Artaq over to you. Thank you very much. Hello everyone. I'm glad to be here. So, agriculture plays a very critical role in our economy, about 30% of Armenian population is involved in agricultural sphere. And that's why, and also agriculture is very vulnerable in our country for climate change. And every year, every year almost every year we are having extreme heat events about 40 degree Celsius during the summertime and farmers are very suffering because of that. They have lack of water resources and some economical difficulties because of that, having that in my mind. I cooperated with group of farmers in Arad Valley. Yes, you need to tell him to go next. Next slide. Next slide, sorry. I forgot. So, having that in my mind. I cooperated with group of farmers in Arad Valley, which is one of the main agricultural production areas in Armenia where farmers are using soil intensively and growing different kind of crops, vegetables and fruits. So this group of farmers had jointly land which was overused. And we agreed together to establish a practice of soil health improvement demonstration plot. I applied to Hubert Humphrey alumni impact over the program and got grant to implement the practice that I learned during my study at Cornell University in 2019 and 2020. So we established a plot 0.5 hectares of soil health improvement practice where we applied a multi mixture of cover crop. We put electric fence over that plot you see on these pictures on the right side. And we put fence over the plant, over the plot and farmers divided this plot on seven batches and they were using this plot for rotational grazing of their animals. So, this project started in 2021. That year, Armenia had a very severe drought. And can you imagine the other neighbors or the village neighbors in this community did not have enough fodder for feeding their animals. So many other farmers were having every day fresh green grass for their animals and they were bringing to this place, living without any shepherd or other expenses, living on the field and they were grazing. So it was very successful. These farmers expanded this year the plot. Next slide. Next slide, sorry. These farmers expanded the plot and we started project from 0.5 hectares. Now this plot is 1.2 hectare of land. They invested their own money to expand the plot. They seeded additional mixture of multi species cover crop. And again, using the land for rotational grazing of their animals. Today we were hearing a lot of information from different speakers that we need demonstrations for farmers and youth and so on and so forth. I would like to mention also, we need demonstration also for those kind of organizations which are serving as donors or funding organizations because they also need to have examples of successful projects to be able to see what would be the possible end result of their investment or their funding so based on that I started cooperation with GIZ organization German International Development Organization which works in Armenia. They have a project EO 47, which is also next slide please, which is going to implement projects in one of the northern regions of Armenia so they visited the first project site in 2022 and they spoke with farmers, they saw the results of the project and they got interested to implement the same kind of project in that region. So in this slide you see the picture of the plot which we established during 2022. And this is from spring 2023. So this land also was overused over graced in the northern region. In this next slide in this during these projects we used next slide. During these projects. This is the example of the multi species mixture of cover crop that we used it is specially designed. The producers specially designed in this mixture in order to be suitable for animals to grace and increase their body weight and be applicable for farmers for their animal breeding practices. Next slide. During these two projects I paid our organization where I was served as an expert paid very much attention to disseminating the knowledge and the experience that we gained during those projects. In this slide you see the workshops and trainings that I'm conducting for farmers in different villages and different regions of Armenia. And during my study at us I encountered very interesting book dirt to soil book, which again speakers over here we're talking today that the, you know, information about the innovation and the knowledge should be in a language which is very much understandable for farmers and other people. So this book I would like to suggest any interested person to read this is written by a farmer for farmer. This farmer is explaining very complex complex. Scientific things in very, very interesting and simple way way, which any person can read and enjoy the and understand the how to restore the soil health how what is the regenerative agriculture. So I initiated the translation of this book into Armenian and on the picture you see on the left side is the Armenian version of this book. I have very good relationship with Gabe Brown and the publishers of this book. And also I developed Facebook page at this moment, which is for sharing the knowledge and research information that I gained during the study in US about soil health and regenerative agriculture. And I placed that information over there and do online translation. Unfortunately, I don't have means to do very scientific based translations. So in order that the information to be available for our farmers. I deeply think that based on my recent experience that Armenia really needs further funding for showing more climate smart agricultural practices in more regions of Armenia and replicate the successful projects that were implemented. And the most important in Armenia we don't have that much inform information and management information system related or tools related to climate smart agriculture. So that's why I need I think there is need for further funding opportunities for these reasons. Next slide. And here is my next slide. Here is my contact information. Thank you for your attention. And if you have question I'm ready to answer. Okay, thank you so much. Another great example of cross boundary collaboration multi stakeholder participation farmer to farmer learning. Boy so many lessons learned that you picked up and brought back to us and validated so thank you so much and Armenia is the first time member of GAXA so we're glad to have a new member with us and new members bring new ideas so thank you very much. Okay, our last example of GAXA members in action today is going to be one on enabling policies and Dr Rosa MacCara a full professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain, a long time. GAXA member and co chair of an action group is going to be talking about some of the work she's been doing in the enabling policy arena. So Rosa, over to you. Thank you very much for for this presentation. I just want to start speaking by what is, I mean, all of us know a what is this market culture that has to be practices that are used that are economic viable that mitigates kind of change at the end of the time and adapt our cultural systems to a climate change so the question is, how enabling environment working work can just move this forward, just under our understanding. We thought that there are three main legs. The first one is the development of the technology we need researchers and these kinds of things, and people that they say will to put that really really at the front but at the same time we need to have the development of the farmers and of the youth as we saw this morning, because these are the best ones that are able to adapt what the researchers do at the field at the field level. But these is done thanks to the promotion of something that in the European Union is called it multi actor approach, meaning that farmers, policymakers retailers, researchers has to be working to to foster this type of CSA movement from the very beginning to co generate and co create solutions real solutions that are implemented at field level that is a pretty pretty clear. So technology development multi actor approach, and of course policy not only to support some activities that pay for some for consistent services that was mentioned this morning, but also to support an enabling environment that fosters the use of sustainable land uses like for example, the CSA. I'm not going to speak about any specific result because we have many on this. So we are, I'm going to say what has been done, but a set of of participants that comes from 20 different nations, and thanks to the funding of the European Commission that reaches in total 28 million euros. And our main topic is about agroforestry and agroecology as two of the main useful tools to increase all carbon sequestration and reduce the use of biocides and reduce also the emissions of the greenhouse gases. So if you have you have our recent work with different ideas of the world we ask it recently thanks to the CSA for a European Union project for us for you where forest. So it aims at to foster in 14 living labs across the EU plus one living lab in China, the ecological use of the forest. In Europe, we are working in different standing committees just to increase the knowledge awareness, and to move the living lab such as scar agroecology in South America we just asked for increasing cell carbon sequestration with Argentina Paraguay, Brazil, a project that is funded by Contagro. Internationally we are, we have an are really connected with FAO with another initiatives different from the CACSA, which is the current global agroforestry capacity needs assessment that conducted a survey that was answered for for over 800 different members in different countries of the world so we are just trying to help in the in the analysis. We skip the circular by economy Alliance because this is a new initiative that I think that can help a lot to the CSA. And the trees is European Union project that involves Tanzania, Ghana, Chile, and names that are helping policy makers to foster agroforestry in these countries. And thanks also to the CACSA we're working in the Nairobi work program, which is which together with Alisson we are developing different initiatives just to help to to foster CSA. Next slide please. So there you have in yellow the different countries that are part of the circular economy Alliance circular economy is really important because waste are key problem. And they can be used within, I mean this waste can be used as a useful raw material for different CSA practices. They are establishing these all these countries are establishing living labs they were funded or started early this year, and we will try to help them to develop these living losses to work with them. So that is an initiative that was promoted by the European Forest Institute, and we are collaborating with them. This next slide. So here I don't want you to read everything is just to show up the different papers that we produced with the different researchers, even farmers from 20 countries as I mentioned before, that some of them are very technical like for example three crop ecological physiological interactions these papers were produced in the last year. This is the common that is what I will, we put it there, but some of them are very useful for policy makers like for example, a kind of forest systems and has by diversity, or it's our forest and sustainable land use option to reduce wildfire risk, therefore to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, or come mixtures of forestry and forestry alleviate trade off between different ecosystem services. And the answer to all of this is yes. And these are summaries that we have there. Let's move the next one please. So here we have aspects related with land management, mainly associated with different type of soils like for example semi added ecosystems associated with the increase of soil carbon sequestration which is key because the, the, as you know soil carbon represents the 85% of the waste is stored by a terrestrial ecosystems. We also propose in these reviews, together with farmers, some key aspects key strategies just to reduce this fire risk like for example the prescribed burning issue. This next one please. Well, we have a set of 15 papers that are trying to help policy makers with policies. In this case we have a, well, I was selected that was that we're a promote just published in the last year, and the idea is to know the baseline of any kind of land use ecosystem. It could be our forest but it could be our an agricultural practice. Have a look how it is promoted from a policy perspective. Explain or try to give insights from a technical point of view to the policy makers about how they, what are they doing wrong. I was taking into account not not not only the technical aspect but also the social aspect, and that is really important in Europe because we have up to now, there's one policy for the whole Europe, the social environment was completely different so it was not very successful. And when we have the baseline we have the policies we can make recommendations to them. The final thing is to see if these policies really creates an impact on this baseline. Okay, so that that is the kind of aspect that we did in this in this paper. Next slide. Moving forward, and I will just propose before the cloud sessions is some new ideas of what we are working now, thanks to the funds of the European Commission, which is about the development of of bio economy with to believe that moving through the land, the sustainability at land use level, the sustainability with agricultural practices should be driven by the consumers. So it will have a supportive value chains or supply chains that would be great. I think someone in the floor this morning says, give you a lucrative tool to a farmer day and they will move. And he is that and this is the movement that we are now initiating at the European level. You can see there are some aspects like for example, the development of technology that is quite good to enhance this bio economy environment, like for example the use of biogas produced by your gas paper, or a animal bedding or biochar, etc. You have there another one which is about how multi outdoor approach can be conducted to include and increase the participation of farmers and any kind of stakeholder or actor that is needed to create a solution to move forward, the sustainable use of the, of the, either of the land or of the supply chain. In the next slide you have to a special issues that we are developing with regard to these topics. One is the South Carolina substation because of the relevance. I mentioned, and the other one was, I think with a sexy title which is candidly save the crops. This next slide. And now, beside we are just collaborating with people from 10 countries is developing a tool and a set of tools of, you know, you know, in a, in a publication of soil organic cars, carbon estimations because the baseline on the soil is needed just to promote any kind of activity that increases it as you can imagine. We were given recently a project, which is awarded with three million euros it started last one of January there is Florida and so money to collaborate with all of two. Let's call it Agroforestry for business innovation networks. The economy is the one that you see there Agroforestry for you and there nine countries are developing. Okay, nine countries are developing a value chains model by value by value chain supply chains with regard to Agroforestry in total we will be developing 33 models that will understand that we'll take into account the economic aspect the political economic aspect the environmental aspect in the social aspect. Recently with the global research alliance which is an institution that in branches and is formed by 67 countries all over the world. We are leading a flagship on our ecology and Agroforestry just trying precisely to give the policymakers help just to to how to foster the sustainable land use system taking into account both the agricultural system but also the value chain within the Agroforestry for you we don't we don't we besides taking into account the business models, we will develop an adequate advisory systems across Europe. And of course a knowledge platform with information for researchers policymakers but also adapted to pharmacists to help it if you can move to the next one and I am ending this is just a picture. Yeah, you have the acronyms of all the projects that we have that represents this, this 28 million euros, just in case you need you wish to collaborate in any of them that would be more than welcome. Thank you very much. Thank you very much Rosa great examples of how enabling policies can unleash actions that we then can pick up on and implement. And just giving you five examples of NAXA of GAXA members in action doing work. And I know we're running a little bit late on time but I noticed that Hans allowed us to go over 15 minutes in the morning session. So I'm going to take the liberty data of maybe going over 10 minutes in the afternoon section, because from here, we adjourn for a reception on the roof so we can work just a little bit longer. Before we go into our breakout sessions. Let me just pause and come back to see if are there any clarifying questions that anyone has on the five presentations that we had, and I remember you in the corner. And so we have two questions that we have so let's go to the back of the room, you can introduce yourself and direct the question to whoever your target is and try to be breeds thank you. Yeah, thank you very much. I'm Michael Michael. Okay foundation from Nigeria. Firstly, I commend all the members that were able to implement projects. And we also appreciate that I've given them the environment to do that. I saw the work was excellent indeed. And I really very happy of getting a lot of information. So the question does in the selections of the countries. There any need assessment being done. I respect for the projects to be taken to that countries. That's first, then we also encourage us to also consider that countries that have not having the opportunities to implement a project. I may talk on behalf of the African countries. Firstly, what's Africa countries, that is Nigeria. Yeah, and my colleague also seem back we also want a project in each of the country because there's a lot of activities going on in global climate change which has not gone to the run table of the international. I want to stop for that to conclude. Okay, thank you. Thank you. Thank you very much. And I think that that originally was directed at shaming shaming are you still on. And if not perhaps Clyde grain could field that about the future expansion of Clyde use your mic. Okay, so our project is primarily funded by the government of Canada, not through Gaxa, we received $15 million over five years, and then our member companies contributed another 2 million. So for a total of 17 went through a process of the government with the government of Canada, where they provided us with their preferential countries, which are kind of based on a combination of countries where there's good relations, they see positive potential outcome for those countries, but, but also the way there's a real need as well. So it's a complex matrix and, you know, so we're looking in at the end of this project in 2024. We're looking to expand to three more countries right now. The next one is for Malawi, Tanzania and Cote d'Ivoire. But we're also aware that our project could be more efficient and more continental in scope. And so we're looking at ways that using the experience from our existing countries, the new country is going to, we can bring more extension tools, etc. throughout the country and I've already had some discussion with people in Nigeria in in the industry and there's a lot of interest there as well. Okay, thank you, Clyde and one final question on the side here. I'm Dominico Vito Global Climate Smart Agricultural Youth Network Italy. So first of all, thank you all for the presentation. My question was in particular for the last one of Dr. Manerasa Moschera. So, thank you very much first of all for the overview of the European context and also is interesting. We also know that there are funding also available and platform that connect the government, and also connect the European funds with the local like the grass root level. Actually, I really agree when you say that, especially regarding agroecology, the networks are very active the citizen network community networks are very active to implement clearly agroecology principles. My question is about properly that to which extent the we can say, even the Commission is using agroecology in, we can say in a strict way, because sometimes agroecology comprise a lot of practices that is not clear at the European Commission level. And how do you think that the grass root levels, like the community activated networks, I don't know, I think, for example, urgency or other networks can assess this kind of platform and so on. Thank you. Okay. So that's trying to be brief because we have to move up, but we can discuss afterwards. The European Commission is quite aware of the agroecology, the problem of agroecology what you mentioned is not a specific definition for agroecology that all of us can accept. So looking on the definition and work back as leader of one of the two, a CSA so the CSA meaning a coordination and support action that are in Europe is already an agroecology for you on do these two will be that the pillars for definition of agroecology for the next next years. And they are so strong that they created the agroecology partnership that will release a lot of funds at the end of this year, the governments are part of them, and they will be open calls just to implement and to work about a agroecology and they will create through the different missions, like mission so is more than 100 living labs at regional and sub regional level. So there could be a lot of money for that. And that is that is good. And with regard to the participation of the people on the different European Union projects, we have to know the call and there are all members or most of the members, at least all the members that are developing can participate as associating countries in in the in the European Union projects. And for example, we ask it already with data some projects, and that is possible just in case you're interested. Thank you. Okay, we hope you found those examples of gaps of members and action of interest and stimulating inspirational. We're now going to go through a short and quick exercise where we're going to break into three groups in this room, and three groups online. We have two questions that we'd like you to quickly process this top of mind stuff a little bit like the popcorn exercise that we ended the first morning session with. The first question is, what do you, what do you need, what do you need to scale up the adoption of climate smart ag systems and practices we just had examples so if there's anything that you need that you could just quickly identify that will help us to go forward. And the second question is getting how can GACSA help facilitate and support these efforts. So what do you need, and how can GACSA help. So to move us along quickly because we are going to cut this to 10 minutes. The three groups online will be divided virtually and we have facilitators from Cornell and roses network that will be guiding the 10 minute session. And in this room, we're going to break into three and I'm just going to do this very arbitrarily. So if this corner of the room up to you, maybe it could be huddle in the back and be group one. So we'll go up through the gentleman here from Uganda will be group two, and you folks in the back huddle will be group three, and I'm staying here, and I will go with the group over here. Oh, go over there and I'll go there. Okay, so remember your two questions. Okay. Good, go will call you back in 10 minutes. Well, good. We do too. And we're not going to report that we'll capture them and send them around. But thanks. Do you want to thank the people individually. Debbie. Yeah, just say their first names Debbie. You can read them. I can't read or any. We're not going to report back. Right. Okay group. Okay, group number one in the back we're calling you forward to adjourn Rosa we need to bring your group forward because we're going to close out our session here. What's that. You think we can. Okay. I was worried about the time. You're not worried. So just tap on my one minute flash. And then we'll type up. Yes. Okay, we're going to move proceed forward as, as group one continues to caucus in the back. And because we are short on time, we're going to ask each group to have a very, very short. One minute recap, just giving examples of the type of responses that you receive to the questions. And then what we will do is type up all of the responses and circulate them with the meeting those. But just to give us a flavor of what you all just did in this flash exercise. If we could start with who's who might be ready. And then everyone is ready so go with group two. All right, group two had a fantastic discussion with participation from the US Uganda Kenya, Canada, and FAO, and it's amazing that what our Uganda representative was talking about was echoed by the US farmer. So farmers need to increase awareness of CSA so that they perceive the economic returns and reduce the risk. Our Uganda representative said, we need to get farmers involved from the beginning in these solutions so that they own them, and they can share the benefits of changing practices. From Kenya, we talked about the importance of trained extension officers. We talk about this often but we really need to fund trained extension officers, and to be able to show increased productivity. So for what GACSA can do, we really need to ramp up GACSA's role as a clearinghouse for knowledge sharing and finally talk about practices not necessarily CSA build on the good work that farmers are already doing. Thank you. Good example. So, roses group is huddling in the corner there is there someone that can give us a one minute flash report out of what you talked about roses that you are the recorder. I know what you say. I have to say thank you very much because we have a lot of a lot of answers for that but they can just highlight some of them. They say that we have to have a consistent consistency when building the good results of of the good results and how to share them. Case studies and successful cases studies has to be shared and scaling up knowledge sharing. It should be market dominant. There was a good comment from from Thailand. They say that it should be economic viable. Otherwise it will not work the public private partnership was highlighting as a very important and relevant issue. The baseline for Karen's frustration and installs now that we are going to remove it on current credit seats. It is really, really, really, it was really, really important. And other other aspects interagency collaboration in the ministry of collaboration is also key, because usually they are not collaborating. We said in Spain that the right hand doesn't know what the left hand is doing. So, and, yeah, I created a creation of clusters of a small vulnerable farmers in CSA community community practitioners. Well, I think, yeah. Thank you very much. We will make it with the pointer and we will, we will explain that. Okay. Yeah. Okay, so thank you very much, Rosa, our group puddles in the corner, and a number of the items that were already lifted up or themes that came out of our group. But there were three in particular that really resonated as I was listening and we'll capture the complete list and circulated is everything well. There was a call for more of this case study knowledge sharing the mentoring the fellowship that that we've been building within the GACSA family. There's such an opportunity to share experiences and insight and lessons learn problems encountered and so forth. So, I heard that loud and clear. The second interesting observation was a call for help from FAO, asking for FAO to be more proactive at the country level, working to support climate smart agriculture projects and programs. So that's something Hans that I think we need to take up with our partners in terms of what they can do to really lift up and further enable this type of work. The third example I would probably cite is the need for better financing mechanisms to cover the cost of implementation. People have great ideas, but they get stuck when there isn't adequate funding. So a call was made for more countries to step up and participate and fund, or if not fund help enable. And it's not just the countries they were calling for, but the private sector can do more as well. So there was really, I think, a call to action and that's what we were going to end with anyway so that coming out of this breakout session is just a reaffirmation of the value of GACSA. So we are nothing more than the sum of our combined participation. And when we work together, we all benefit when we work in silos and don't share, we miss opportunities. GACSA was created to be a multi stakeholder cross boundary, meaning cross hemisphere cross ocean cross country boundary platform to experiment to take risks to achieve successes to share and scale. And there is no other entity that we know of like GACSA where governments, academia, private sector, farmer organizations, civil society can set aside differences and unite and team up to advance something we all benefit from. So, with that very rushed close three groups online. Yes, with the three groups online if one minute. So, go ahead. All right, can I please call on Debbie aller from Cornell University to just give a one minute summation. I think, thank you very much Allison for that so we had a relatively small group within our breakout session online but I think we identified a few key bullets about scaling up the adoption of climate smart agriculture and really emphasizing the need for inclusion of private entities into the organization and access to financing because many of these technologies are available, but often there's limited, limited capacity building, and the need for co generation of knowledge with other indigenous communities and organizations within regions and countries. So we wanted to develop innovative ways to make sure we're integrating technologies and knowledge to scale up the adoption. And some of the things we identified in terms of how can GACSA facilitate and support these efforts are around acting as the platform to mobilize regional partnerships and funding to different regions and organizations. And so we are all the partners as it as it has done already to create one unified voice and message to share as it comes to as it relates to climate smart agriculture. And so we all have the same agenda the same goals in mind, but how can we create a unified message there. And the last things is making sure, or GACSA can really help coordinate advocacy and training across regions and amongst members as well. The important thing I thought that that was brought to the forefront within our conversation was creating an overall inventory that documents, both the regional global problems challenges and solutions so we have everything with in one platform that can be shared to the broader communities and parts of the world so thanks very much. Thank you Deb. Thank you so much. That was great. And can we hear from Vanessa Alvarez Lopez. Yes. We were also a short number of people we were around a five or six persons. So we didn't identify some bullet points for the first question, but do you need to scale up the adoption. The first was that the policies must be aligned to the to the practices. We also identify public awareness to to reach out to the people that needs the policies engagement or consultations with the farmers and technologies that must be context specific even within a country or a real and finally take into consideration the already existing knowledge of the of the people that can help to uptake the adoption. There are in the second question how can gaps facilitate the work. Some points were identified such as the research sharing for example through creation of websites with resources available either for for researchers but also in a simple way such as fact sheets or new latest newsletters to the farmers. We identify awareness creation finances and the the investment as well as capacity building must be considered the technologies must be must be them but we need to know how to use them or how to fix them. Also the partnering with the university from the from various countries supporting research work between our among institutions. The country level provide guidance to national governments to provide enough funding for the developing the practices. Strength regional alliances and finally to create a baseline surveys or to create a scan scan on environmental needs to to detect our problems to convince the private sector to to invest in our practices. Excellent job Vanessa thank you so much. And finally we're going to turn to Javier Rodriguez Rigero from the final group. Thank you very much for this meeting and interesting presentations and hopefully also very fruitful meeting for the future on the on the enabling environment action group we have been. We were really a short number also participants but we have identified some valid points regarding the first question. What do we need to scale up the adoption of climate is more agricultural systems and practices like that once we just heard about we have identified that it is needed more funding from governments to agree farmers and link them to technical service providers to strengthen these connections from an agroforestry point of view. Also that it is a need for investment infrastructure infrastructures like irrigation for supporting the transition towards the climate smart agriculture to adapt international and national policies to the regional characteristics and different climate biographical regions and to add financial or institutional support mechanism to assist farmers to the technological transitions transition and as for accessing new and expensive climate smart technologies. So this is a barrier for most of the, of the farmers. How can GACSA help to facilitate or to support this efforts in your country organization. GACSA can support the transition from global and national policies towards a more regional perspective for funding and advisory services etc. GACSA can support also by creating global partnerships facilitating local adaptation adaptation to climate smart systems and facilitate the network. And also by facilitating and or adding linkages with funding institutions as the World Bank and to provide by providing guidelines on climate smart investments for the different regions across the world. And that's all from our side. Thank you very much. Thank you so much Javier that was excellent. We've reached the conclusion of the action group section of the report. Thank you to Rosa and to Allison for helping to co convene the session. Thank you to you all for your patients or participation. Like everything else we don't have enough time to cover everything we like but boy we did a lot of good work so thank you and Hans and data over to you for our close. Thank you very, very much. I'm impressed by the results and also a little bit sad. Because now we have to implement it. No I'm not said I'm very positive because I think there are many elements, which we can work on which we have to work on. And tomorrow. It's a good already start for tomorrow because tomorrow we have some of the new programs and projects we want to implement, which are taking up some of those elements, but I have. And also the team is noting it even more. That we can elevate the work of Garza turning from awareness raising and the concept into marking the shift towards action at the national implementation at the national level. And of course, we will work hard, but it depends on all of us but we'll discuss it tomorrow. And we would like to think the three early Rosa. And for your hard work also in the preparations. Already now I would really like to thank the team who's making this possible. Valentina. And we always speak about gender. But this is an all ladies team. We see the positive effects of an all lady team. Thank you already so much for the hard work. Now. Yes. Now it's time, because Garza is a networking organization now it's time to network, but to relax as well. And we have beautiful wines for you upstairs at the eighth floor. And I have to read it out. I don't do it. I do it right this time. Geneva. Charlie. The vineyard near to Rome. They present their wines. Of course it's our climate smart wines. You can be assured and of course there are other things water and juices as well. But let's enjoy ourselves. Let's enjoy our company. Because it was a hard day of work. So now relax, enjoy the beautiful view and as far as although it was quite dark here in this room at least no lights you can enjoy. I think there's still sun, the remaining sunshine at the eighth floor see you there and come back tomorrow at nine o'clock sharp in this room again thank you so much.