 The social movement is a type of group action. Social movements can be defined as organizational structures and strategies that may empower oppressed populations to mount effective challenges and resist the more powerful and advantage elites. They are large, sometimes informal, groupings of individuals or organizations which focus on specific political or social issues. In other words, they carry out, resist, or undo a social change. They provide a way of social change from the bottom within nations. Modern Western social movements became possible through education – the wider dissemination of literature and increased mobility of labor due to the industrialization and urbanization of 19th century societies. It is sometimes argued that the freedom of expression, education and relative economic independence prevalent in the modern Western culture are responsible for the unprecedented number and scope of various contemporary social movements. However, others point out that many of the social movements of the last hundred years grew up, like the Mao Mao Incarnation, to oppose Western colonialism. Either way, social movements have been and continue to be closely connected with democratic political systems. Occasionally, social movements have been involved in democratizing nations, but more often they have flourished after democratization. Over the past two hundred years, they have become part of a popular and global expression of dissent. American movements often utilize technology and the Internet to mobilize people globally. Adapting to communication trends is a common theme among successful movements.For research is beginning to explore how advocacy organizations linked to social movements in the U.S.F.4 and Canada use social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action. The systematic literature review of Butner and Butner analyzed a role of Twitter during a wide range of social movements 2007 Wikileaks, 2009 Galbova, 2009 Austria student protest, 2009 Israel Gaza, 2009 Iran Green Revolution, 2009 Toronto G20, 2010 Venezuela, 2010 Germany Stuttgart 21, 2011 Egypt, 2011 England, 2011 U.S.-occupied movement, 2011 Spain and Dignitos, 2011 Greece-Ignatuzmenoy movements, 2011 Italy, 2011 Wisconsin labor protests, 2012 Israel Hamas, 2013 Brazil Inigar, 2013 Turkey. Political science and sociology have developed a variety of theories and empirical research on social movements. For example, some research in political science highlights the relation between popular movements and the formation of new political parties as well as discussing the function of social movements in relation to agenda setting and influence on politics.