 So, we are now in the middle of a four-hectare field, I don't mean eight hectare field. So, four hectares are devoted to direct seeded rice, and the other half, the other four hectares are devoted to maize. So, this experiment is part of the consortium on ecological intensification of future rice-based systems. So, we are trying here to see, we are trying to forecast what will rice-based systems look like in the future. Because we anticipate that we will have problems with water, we will have problems with labor. So, we are trying to grow rice in the unconventional way. We are trying to, the first main feature of this experiment is we are trying to grow rice using the upland overhead sprinklers. And then we are trying to see if we can grow more than three rice crops per year in each site. So, for example, in this site, we will probably grow two rice crops and one upland crop per year. So, like on this side, the rice side, we direct seeded this end of January, and then we will harvest this maybe middle of May. Then right after that, we will try to grow maize without paddling, without reduced delayed. So, we will use machineries that can go through rice tables and yet direct seeded rice. So, we will rely on, also, my colleague has just turned on the sprinkler irrigation system so that you know what it looks like when it's irrigating. So, we will try to grow maize after rice, maize after rice. And then maybe sometime around September, we will again plant another crop of rice using, again, no-till systems or at least reduced systems, reduced delayed systems. On the other side, in the maize side, we will probably grow two more rice crops after this maize crop. Almost same schedule as the rice side. So, for rice, we use the Duncan tail seeder. Is anyone familiar with the Duncan? So, it's able to break the soil and put seeds and fertilize at the same time. So, I think we did a pretty good job, even though it was the first time we used that system here. And then on the maize side, we use a combination of manual planting and we develop a two-wheel tractor that's able to cut into the soil and put the corn seeds and fertilizer seeds at the same time. So, we are still developing that two-wheel tractor more, but we will probably rely more on already developed machineries from India, multi-crop seeders. We are trying to get those so that it will help us do our maize planting and even the rice planting. We are now also, the challenge in this system is, well, there's a lot of challenges in this system. One is the weeds. So, we will really have to have good weed control. For this rice side, we already sprayed one pre-emergence and one post-emergence herbicide. And we also did hand-weeding. So, those are the weeds that we just removed, those piles of weeds. So, you can just imagine how much weed we had on those plants. But for the maize side, this is a round-up ready maize hybrid. So, you will see that we did a very good job in controlling the weeds inside the maize plants. This herbicide, when you have taken up spraying here? So, again, herbicide application, when it was done? Well, the pre-emergence herbicide, we did that around two to three days after sowing. And then for the post-emergence, we applied it, I think, three weeks after it was seeded. Three weeks after sowing? Yes. But we were trying to postpone it a little bit farther because that will be our last spraying. So, we were trying to see if we can go farther than that. I mean, longer than that. But I think we went around 25 days, something like that, 25 days after seeding. Any quantification on water use to a sprinkler? Okay. I'll probably call all my colleagues here who are resident engineer. Because he's the one doing the irrigation. Okay. Let me introduce to you engineer Joseph Sandro. So, he's the one running the sprinkler system. So, he'll probably answer that question. So, what's the question? So, what is the amount of water used for this crop? Through a sprinkler? Actually, we are targeting about 900 mm of water to be put here. But that's not for irrigation alone. It's a combination of irrigation and rainfall. 900 mm for the whole season? For the whole season. For the whole season. For one rice crop? Yes. For one crop? Yes. 900 mm of water? Yes. But so far, our accumulated rainfall plus irrigation is only about 200 mm. 250 mm. It is less than the irrigated rice? Yes. Yes. So, probably it's around 60 mm per week. I don't know. We are trying to, what do you call that? We are trying to equal the evapotranspiration. So, evapotranspiration is around 5 mm per day. So, time 7, that's 35 mm evapotranspiration per week. So, we are trying to equal that amount. How about the yields? The yields, we are targeting at least 5 tons. No. Observe. Observe under this sprinkler and then irrigated. What is the yield difference? Is it same or different? Between this system and irrigated? Well, in the irrigated, if you are doing good nutrient management and water management, you can probably get, in our experience in the e-re-farm, in the demonstration plant, we can get around at least 7 tons. That's inbred for dry season. That's much more than your habit trial. We just learned your habit trial is about 4. Oh, really? So, you make me very uncomfortable. Yeah, but in the long term, continue scrubbing system, we get at least 7 tons during the dry season. Right, that's dry season, the highest yielding season, we get around 7 tons. When I see you using here, is the variety referred to hybrid or inbred? That's inbred. Yes, inbred. But we have hybrids there. They can go higher than 7 tons. That was a joke, and now I have a serious question. How much energy are you consuming to put that water on? Okay, that's a good question. Actually, how much does that cost? Cost? Yeah. I don't have the figures, but it's... No, that's actually one of our objectives in this experiment. We will try to see the environmental impact of the system. We put electric meters on those irrigation systems. So, we're trying to see how much energy we are consuming. We're even recording the energy that we are using machines. Okay. And then, we are now actually, we have a flux tower in each pivot system. Then, we are trying to see fluxes, like, I mean, fluxes and methane emissions. Ano po, Bayon? Carbon emissions. So, we will try to account for all those things in the system. So, we will know if the system is sustainable and environmentally friendly. So, the irrigation system for rice and maize is the same? Okay. irrigation system for maize and rice? Irrigation for maize is quite different. We forgot to mention that our decision to irrigate also depends on tensiometer readings. We have tensiometers along these plots. So, whenever the tensiometers go below 15, 10 kilopascals, it's our decision to, it tells us that we have to irrigate. But for the maize, around, what's our decision? 50 kilopascals at a depth of 40 cm. So, whenever the tensiometers go below 50, we irrigate our... So, you compare between the water used in rice and the maize? Quantity of water? Oh, yes. Yes, we will take that into account. Big difference? Yes. In the maize, we irrigate maybe only once a week? Only once a week. But for rice... I mean quantity. How many... For maize, we put around 60. 60, no? 30 milliliters each time. Around... That's on a per-week basis. So, what is the total per season? Or for rice and maize? This is 900, you told. Yeah, 900. What's our target for maize? I forget, but it's much less for the maize. I think 600, 600 or 500-600. 900. It is a irrigation plus rainfall. Any other easier questions? Here we use an inbred newly-released N6RC222. It's also an eeriebred. Seed rate? Seed rate we use, actually we were targeting around 50 kilograms seed per hectare. But because of the machine, we put it a little bit at around 60 kilograms seed per hectare. So, that's why... Is this variety at least for this condition? Actually, it's a lowland variety, but according to our breeders... I don't know if Dr. Kumar is here. He was the one who recommended this variety. So, they said that if an inbred is good for a lowland system, it can also be considered to be good in an upland system. But this is just a... This is the first time we use this variety here. I will try to see if this variety is really suited for upland systems. Who is the breeder working on this? The... Direct selection. The breeder means sir? No, breeder from agronomies. This is actually a breeding experiment. But we are trying to collaborate with breeders to give us varieties which we can use for this type of system. This is more of a agronomy soil science experiment. Is it economically viable for a farmer? How do you feel this system? Of course, dad. But we are trying to see what systems... what aspects of this system can work for farmers. Of course, the sprinkler system will definitely... will not be affordable for small-scale farmers. But other systems like the machineries, we are trying to develop two-wheel tractors. Those are all... They all need some extra inputs. They all need some extra inputs. Even though putting all the inputs, do you feel that finally, farmer will be benefited by this cultivation? We are hoping that we will develop solutions for farmers. Like Rainan said, instead of using those four tractors, we are trying to develop two-wheel tractors which farmers can afford so that they can adapt this type of system. Okay. Thank you.