 And here now there's different rules for generally accepted accounting principles on how you account for an investment. If it's going to be short term or mid or long term, I'm not going to get into details with that. I'm just going to give kind of the over the overview concepts here. So that's when we would have our short term investment on the books because now I'm still going to use that cash in the future. Fairly soon, you would think and then buy property, plant and equipment with it. Now if this was your personal books or you had a business that if obviously if you had a business that was in business for financial investments, investments in stocks and bonds, then you would be tracking investments in stocks and bonds in order to generate revenue from the stocks and bonds. But our business is not that it's a guitar shop like most businesses aren't investment businesses, right? Now on your personal side of things, you can also use QuickBooks for your personal investments. And in that case, you would be tracking of course your stocks and your bond accounts in QuickBooks and it works quite well to do that. The goal is just different for your personal than from the business. On the business, you're trying to use your assets to generate revenue in the future. That's you're trying to get a return on your assets from the business. On the personal side of things, your overarching goal is to live well or something like that, right? So because you because you were going to have expenses for vacations and stuff that have nothing to do with generating revenue. So it's a dip. But the double entry accounting system works in a similar fashion. So so that means then the question is, well, if I have the short term investments on the books, how am I going to break them out? Let's first just do a quick look if it was a personal thing. If it was on the personal side of things, you might want to group your short term investment accounts into say your financial institutions like Vanguard versus an e-trade versus your bank or whatever. If you have multiple places versus your 401k in your business or that you're employed at or something like that. And then you can adjust these periodically when you get the statements, which might be at the end of the month or year. Instead of trying to put every individual stock that you hold or even every individual mutual fund in here because you're going to get too much detail in QuickBooks. Remember that QuickBooks is not here to track the day to day transactions of your investments. There's other software that can do that. Oftentimes the websites themselves are the place to kind of track that day to day activity. If you're trying to make quick changes in terms of your stock positions on a day to day trading basis, but you want to be careful with that too as well. And you have other software like a personal capital, I think is one and quick end, I think is another that can give you the ending balances, your balance sheets information from the financial institutions as the market changes. But QuickBooks is not designed to do that. You could link to the banks and link to financial institutions, but QuickBooks doesn't want to give us the ending balance on the balance sheet. They want to give us the activity so that we can create not only the balance sheet, but also the income statement. So the point is it's kind of cheating to just take the ending balance and it's not just cheating. It's not going to help you out from a bookkeeping standpoint, although it'll give you a nice snapshot of where you stand. So you might use these different softwares in alignment. You might have a QuickBooks, you might have a personal capital that can help you to see where you stand in a snapshot kind of format. And also then you might want to break out your investments that are not under the umbrella of an IRA or a retirement account in short term. And then you might put long term assets as those that are under the umbrella of a 401K or an IRA or a 403B, those that you can't get into very easily so that you can see your liquid cash versus the cash that you can't really reach. So those are some concepts on the personal side. On the business side, we have similar kind of things. If I put the short term investments on the books, again, I'm probably going to try to put it in here at one lump sum investment in whatever the financial institution I have it in might have actually multiple investments. Meaning I might be in a mutual fund with multiple investments or I might have multiple mutual funds so I could break it out stocks versus bonds or just have one lump sum here that I changed periodically. Then I'm going to get interest or dividends on the investments. If that interest and dividends goes directly into my checking account, then I'm going to see them coming through the bank feeds and I might record them just simply with the bank feeds as they hit the checking account to income. So that means I would have income and I could go over here and I could then just have them increase income. Now normally if I was to increase income from an investments, then I would put it down at the bottom, not an income up top because it's not part of my normal operations. This business isn't there to generate interest and dividend income, but if we get dividend interest income, that would be great. I'm going to reflect it at the bottom just to show my net income before this other investment income would be the general idea. Now it's also possible for you to roll over your dividend income and invest it back in, which you would like to then make a journal entry once in a while to put it back into your investment in that case. So you have to record the dividend and interest and then increase your investment account. Meaning it would be a journal entry in essence increasing the investment, the amount that you're investing, the other side going to dividend and interest income. Now the other issue we have is that the investment account could go up or down in value due to the market, not due to dividends and interest. So it's just going to go up and down in value, the stock price for example. Now if we took the cost, usually when we think about a building down here for fixed assets, when a building goes up and down, generally accepted accounting principles in the United States usually says, well we're not going to go with the fluctuations of the increases and decreases and the market value of the building in part because we don't know what the market value is. There's other arguments than that, but a building is unique until you sell it, you don't really know what the cost is and people can manipulate the value of their books by having higher or lower appraisals on a building. But if you're talking about stocks and bonds that are publicly traded on a public exchange, then you can still have an argument that the fluctuations are not valid or whatever because you haven't realized them. However, you pretty well know what the value of your stock is because other stocks are trading for that same amount. Therefore there's a good argument to record your stocks and bonds if they're trading on a market at market value. But then the question is logistically how do I do that? If I get a report saying that my stocks went up, let's say by $500 or something like that, then how am I going to record that? I can increase this account by $500 or possibly I make another sub-account which shows the unrealized gain of $500 so I try to track it separately under the parent sub-account, another method you can use. And the other side, the two methods you could use is you could put the other side to equity, the argument being that you haven't yet realized it. So I'm just going to have the other side go to equity and not hit the income statement, but that's confusing to most people. So most people I would suggest then are going to report it on the income statement, not as income again, but down here as other income down at the bottom and just call it unrealized gains or losses. So those are the issues, just want to touch on them.