 Recent advancements in near-infrared, NIR, are absorbing organic nanoparticles, owners, have enabled new applications in biomedical imaging and phototherapeutic treatments. These owners consist of small molecules or conjugated polymers and are capable of deepening penetration and improving contrast in tissues due to their lowered absorption and scattering of NIRI light. Despite their potential advantages, biocompatibility and degradability remain key issues for their clinical translation. This article was authored by Wei Xia, Fu Lijiao, Jin Hongzu, and others.