 So now that we understand that Python is just really our way of communicating to the computer no different than using English to communicate to a friend Then it comes down to well. How do we start to? Represent data. How do we make our different communications with the computer? You know if I come in And I just draw that symbol right there Never I'm not even gonna say what that symbol is but we all have an understanding of that symbol, right? I have That symbols worth of fingers on my hand, right? And we also can attribute that to four letters we can say oh well that Value is also being represented by this word The difference between these is that this symbol We'd considered a numerical Value or numerical data, right? We know that just to say that that symbol represents five whatever's Versus this idea of the word five, right now I'm not saying that I'm dealing with specifically the value of five But if I'm just talking about the word those four letters We would actually consider that a completely different type of data known as a string and One of the things that we need to do instead of Python with strings is we need to add quotes around them Now there is an equivalent. I could also come in and that same word Use single quotes and in Python's perspective, that's perfectly fine as well because sometimes You know if I said a string like it's There's a quote in the middle of that and so it would freak out if I tried to represent it like this So it'll it allows a little more flexibility of like oh you can use double quotes or Single quotes and that's Thank You Python But there are a number of different data types that there are in In our language, you know, we have talked about the idea of numbers and we'll dig into those deeper in a bit We have sort of introduced the idea of strings and just as they're very simple as well Booleans are really if you think about that led light Going on and off really you could switch those ons and offs to another logical value of true and false There is electricity. There is not it is true. It is false Now getting into those others, you know, as you can see I've grained them out the idea is these start to get into the world of collections and as the semester progresses will continue to Sort of unlock these in our discussion for right now It's just it we're now just let's focus on dealing with just simple one Valued items before we start dealing with things that have multiple values in them as well So as you can imagine To start we go with the most basic of basics we're going back to math class We're learning about mathematics operations specifically the arithmetic operations We get it if you think about the idea of the plus sign Universally, we all know what the plus sign means. It is addition same thing with a trap a subtraction but just like when I was talking about proper syntax With Python right if we think about the number of different ways we've represented Multiplication in our lifetimes Right, this doesn't work In Python because again the x it's gonna get used in our variables and in our strings and so we can't do that and This little dot right? How is What's the difference between these two? Oh well the dots slightly lower and yeah, okay But the problem is that that's just super, you know Annoying and everyone will mix those up. So someone once upon a time said no, we're not gonna do that either Definitely not gonna do that So that's where we came to sort of accept the asterisk as our division symbol And the same thing goes on with our division our sorry the asterisk goes for our multiplication symbol and the Slash is our division symbol because you all remember That symbol again from you know math classes from years past where you do something like four divided by two Oh, well, yes, that does work, but again if you look at your keyboard It's not there. So it would be impossible for you to write code that includes that symbol Why isn't it there? Well, it's not I I wasn't on the keyboard committee. So I It's not there So instead we use the slash and if you think about it, that's no different than how we sort of represent fractions So we do get into there Now there is obviously some pym DOS going on as well. So if I have sort of my Parentheses going on here, right We all understand that Please excuse my dear and Sally the parentheses happen first then The Two times three would calculate out so four divided by two to two times three six The last thing is this idea of the percent sign and the reality is that is not a percent sign This gets into some of the much more complicated math or much more complicated handling of math if you will So let's say for example Five slash two, right? Well, oh we magically are our Superior human brains can come in and say oh that is two point five Well, the problem is that that's not how sort of the computer will operate because You know, it's again the difference between something like five and five point five This is something known as an integer It's a whole number. There is no decimal place This is something known as a floating Point number, which means that this 5.5 could also be 5.5 zero which it could also be 5.5 0 0 which could also be 5.5 0 0 2 There is an infinite number of decimal places that I could go that's pie if you think about it so Infinite number while getting the computer is a simple machine and it can only handle a certain amount of operations Single-time, right? Bits can only Represent two states ill bite can only handle eight so it really doesn't like things that can go on forever forever so the idea behind this is this produces remainders you might remember remainders way way back from again I don't know it's like fifth grade long division whenever we learned long division the entire idea here is oh well if I took that five divided by two right just like I've got here oh you know five two goes into five two times so I multiply that and I get a four and I subtract that four and I get a one well again if you think about what you did in long division we didn't understand decimal places at that point in time we didn't try and handle that we just said R1 well that's what the modulus is is my way of saying oh well with a remainder of one I don't care about this two as you can see there is no two going on here so that gets skipped over and I just deal with my one a way to see this in action so to at least sort of see this going on zoom this in a little bit so again if I come in five slash two right five slash two I shift enter I get a 2.5 perfectly fine again Python understands that you're trying to do division it can handle that but let's say for example I came in and I'll do six six modulo four right well again what we're asking is long division wise where are you there we are we're effectively saying four long division six right that'll go in four times that's gonna give me a remainder of a two I don't care about that one that one doesn't matter I only care about the remainder shift enter two now there is some funky stuff that we can do as well you saw that five slash two was gonna give us division if I did five slash slash two that it does integer division so it will not actually give me the what's the word it won't give me the decimal place it returns it as a whole number so it just completely throws out any form of remainder whatsoever but as you can see we can do different operations with these different commands and it's important to sort of understand them as well one of the examples is we can actually use sort of the modulo to identify if something is a even number so in this case five modulo two two five modulo two again what we're asking with five modulo two is two divided by five goes in two four left over with a one remainder one if I see a remainder of one that is an odd number now if I did the same thing with four that's gonna go to minus four gives me a zero technically I'm gonna have a remainder of zero here we just don't ever really kind of include it but if you notice that'll be for any even value and so you can even test this so five modulo two we're gonna get a one I don't know a hundred modulo two again what we should see here is a zero because one hundred is an even number