 Hi, this is Jack Lipton, and this is the Critical Minerals Institute report, and today I have the pleasure of discussing Avalon Advanced Materials with Don Gubar, the CEO of the Avalon Advanced Materials. And Don, I just have one question. In both school parts I get. Ontario is rapidly on the way to becoming a battery hub for North America, and that is the total supply chain beginning with the raw materials and their processing. That, I think, is for Avalon really shining these days. Can you tell us what is happening with Avalon Advanced Materials in support of the project to make Ontario a battery hub for North America? Sure. Well, basically we recognized quite a while ago that the main challenge in getting these full supply chains established is creating the midstream processing capacity. That's by far the most challenging part and most expensive part of the supply chain. And now that there's so much interest in getting the supply chain started, we wanted to basically take advantage of that and establish a facility that we could get started, but in a central location in Thunder Bay where it would be easy to access various markets in the southern part of the province and also internationally. So that's all kind of coming together now, and we'll see how things evolve, but the main reason for establishing it there was also to basically open the door to other producers of lithium mineral concentrates from the many, many, many lithium pegmatites that occur throughout Northwestern Ontario and the Canadian Shield generally. So we'll become a buyer of concentrates because as you may have noticed from our news last week, we're going to have other markets for our lithium mineral product there, the petalite and glass ceramics applications. What are you planning to produce at Thunder Bay? What form of lithium? Lithium hydroxide is the one that's in most demand here in North America. And is that also what you would be planning to sell to LG energy systems with whom you made an agreement recently? Yeah, that's what they want too. Yeah. Okay, and you mentioned petalite from your, I believe that's from your separation rapids property. Right. And that's going to be in the ceramics industry. Yeah, high strength glass ceramic products of various types. That's a market you don't hear a whole lot about for lithium that is growing now too through further innovation on other types of high strength glass products and ceramic products. And in every case, they always prefer to use a high purity lithium aluminum silicate mineral of which petalite has been the preferred way to introduce it into the batch formulation because of its very high purity. It looks to me like Avalon is really at the center of the developments going on now in Ontario. And I don't want to put you on the spot, but how long have you been working on this project? 25 years. So it just turns out that all it takes is just a moment right to get things done in the mining industry. That's right. I saw the future 25 years ago, but before anyone else did. No, that's true. And Avalon is a survivor and now it looks like you've reached the golden lid. Yeah, finally. And our resource is one that we can recover multiple other byproducts from as well. We have another lithium mineral there, lipidolite, that we can also concentrate. And then there's tantalum that can be recovered. Rubidium bearing fell sparse and probably cesium can be recovered from the lipidolite. This is all from separation rabbit? Yep. Okay. Can you tell us a little about the tantalum that you might be able to produce from that one? I'm familiar that tantalum is frequently found in conjunction with lithium. Yeah, it is often found in the pegmatites like ours, the LCT type that always has tantalum and cesium, the most highly fractionated ones. Geologically. And will we cable or recover it as a byproduct? And with one last thing with regard to cesium. Canada was the world's largest producer of cesium by a long shot when TANCO ran their mines in Manitoba and before they sold them to the Chinese. If you should produce cesium again, you'll be the first Canadian producer, the first new Canadian producer, won't you? Yeah. And we are keen to get it started because of our, we have another property we call lilypad, that's a little bit further north near the Ring of Fire, but has exceptional concentrations of the rare cesium mineral polycyte. So we have a good potential supply source for the future there too. I know that you're a survivor and you're a fighter, I've known you a long time, and you always have, you present the same face to the public no matter what, and I congratulate you on what looks to be your biggest success. Looks like our time has finally come. Sooner or later, and this is, I think, is your time. Thank you, Doug. Appreciate the update. Thank you, Jack.