 The study found that 23.5% of infants in the Italian NASA to birth cohort were overweight at 12 months of age, with a higher prevalence observed among those who had a bigger appetite and lived in southern Italy. Additionally, exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months was associated with a lower BMIZ score at 12 months, while breastfeeding for at least 12 months was associated with a higher BMIZ score. This article was authored by Antonio Clivena, Massimo Cotabia, Maurizio Bonatti, and others.