 last session of the day and we just had a look at the benefits of peer learning. I think there are some activity over T right, there are some activity over T. So, we all saw the benefits of peer learning. However, we when we talk in parlance of a MOOC, then we also realize and we have discussed this earlier that the peers what we get here have diversity. They are not the kind of peers which we get in a classroom which will be always in a one set of things. Now, this diversity is one of the challenges. Now, what are the ways that we can handle this diversity which is emerging out of this setting of a MOOC. In fact, what we are trying to see here is that can we use this diversity to help us out solve some of the problems. So, is there a way of doing that? So, how will you handle diversity? Rubrics. Rubrics. So, scoping of ok. So, first of all do not get diverse learners is what you are saying or scoping the content scoping the learner into cohorts ok. So, having different cohorts groups made for various type of learners or backgrounds of learners that is one way ok, just do that ok. Scoped learners to from different cohorts is there any other option to handle diversity. So, even if we make that we have various groups then how are we going to talk to them? Because we can mass announce right, it will go to everybody. Any other way of. For addition resources may be we can categorize those who want to learn in this area. Yes. So, have create categories first of learners and then of content ok and activities accordingly right. Then anything because this will this will definitely solve the problem for many people who can look up to the category first of all. So, if I am an individual learner I will see where I fit in and then probably join that and start using or consuming that part of content or activity. So, that is one any other how to handle can you imagine different diversity we discussed this, but yeah can you can you imagine other the background of no you said training and practice no I am saying are which are the different categories of diversity that you can think of. Assigning mentors. Assigning ok. So, categories and then assigning respective mentors. So, that they can handle certain domains ok. So, let us just see that how they will benefit us. So, we will create categories. So, that is for sure because we cannot address all of them at the same time. So, these are three levels. So, one is of learner levels. So, what they come from? So, there are people who know much more already and they are come there to learn more than that. Then there are people who can really go fast during the whole thing and then they are at the end of it and asking for more. So, they need advanced material in order to satisfy the urge of whatever learning they want to have. Then there are supplementary material for some people who are lagging behind. So, if prerequisite was mentioned, but they have not completed it. So, we can we add can we create something in the beginning itself that they go through it and they come at par so that they do not lag behind. So, that is one more option. This can be created using additional material. Now, we are talking just material which will be anything it can be videos, it can be documents, it can be a book chapter prescribed and anything any kind of thing will all come under this. Now, there would be learner preferences. So, in my course there was a situation where my content typically is in a video format because I am telling them to do something as a process. So, they are supposed to create a table in 3D. Now, I visited Noida and I think I went to CDAC office where there were some 25 engineers taking my course and what they told me that they had given all the quizzes and all that and I was quite happy to see their work. So, I asked this mandatory question which I ask in every interaction that how were the videos did you like it. So, the answer was we never saw your videos. I said why you did not see my videos. I said YouTube is banned in CDAC. We cannot access your videos. So, then I said how did you come up with all these. We followed your PDFs. You had your slides which had screen by screen progression of how to do which step. We followed that and we are able to do that. That told me that the slides were good because people were able to match their outputs. People who could see videos and people could see slides create exact same output. But this is the point where there are learner preferences. So, multiple media telling the same thing is a requirement and this is partly technology affordance because sometimes people watch it on mobile sometimes and so, video is ok, but they cannot see small slides or they cannot read a book on that. So, at that time video is a better option. So, such things will happen and therefore, providing multiple media options is mandatory, but the point to be noted is that you should be able to have the same intensity of content across the media. Even if the media changes it cannot be diluted or exaggerated in any way. And provide multiple examples because it can work for some and some examples cannot work for others. So, it is a very important point that you should have multiple examples. And the third is the learner backgrounds. So, people when we say it is a MOOC and again I quote my course example because that has a wide range of participants being a introductory and a skill level course. So, there are working professionals who will come in and they come from a background. So, they do not want to look at like a create a table kind of assignment because they are already there creating some something different. They have come here only because they came to know that this is the open source 3D modeling tool. They have come here to learn that. Now, if I again start with similar ball bounds or something they are going to get frustrated for that. So, you have to remember this that there are people from various learner backgrounds also. So, that diversity has to be kept in mind right. Therefore, here is the diversity principle. Ensure that you connect to multiple types of learners, provide learning material that addresses different backgrounds, expectations and abilities of learners right. So, this multiple types we have already seen, we have also seen backgrounds expectations and abilities. Now, here we use certain portion of our forums and other material in order to connect to them. So, we have a WhatsApp group for example and tell them that ok because you guys are not available on internet all the time, but you want to communicate we will have a WhatsApp group. So, that you can connect to us. So, such things can happen so that each and every person gets that attention what they require because they are from diverse places ok. So, let us see a example right. So, this is objective of this particular learning extension resource and this is actually a video not done by the instructors of the course, but because this is a good video which will address this particular objective of and is a good demonstration of peer instruction. So, we have sought the permission we will talk about this sorting of permission and all that, but yeah just to make it clear. So, we have included this video and given a link here. However, the second line is important that watch carefully since the assimilation quiz is based on this. So, that it ensures that whatever you have put in is finally, consumed by the learner and we also get to see how they have learnt from that particular resource. So, this is how ok. So, action items are like not just linked to resources, but the assimilation quiz is maybe we should just see it see the assimilation quiz also just as an example is it there no it is the next one. So, just two questions not a lengthy quiz, but which of the following methods should an instructor use and what did the imporlet and the teacher in this thing do this for the benefit. Now, it is so specific that people having information about peer interaction, peer instruction, peer learning will not be able to give a off the cuff answer because this question is directed towards that particular video only therefore, it is important. So, yeah we will talk about that how exactly you can create these things later, but because we popped up here ok. So, we are done with the diversity principle we go to the next one. So, as last one yes the last one and it talks about another is common scenario we have been listening about this. So, you have you see that more than 50 percent of your learners have not submitted a particular assignment. Now, whether it is graded or ungraded let us keep that point aside right now, but they have not submitted assignment as a instructor you want everyone to attempt it they have not done it. Now, what can you do that? So, each one can just narrate one option for that what can you do? Sender reminder email ok. Let us just write that all saying all ok each one say one ok go ahead extend the deadline ok impose a penalty for people ok just inform them that there will be some penalty ok. And keep some criteria for certification some criteria for certification ok complete this right right. So, actually remind them that if you do not do this. So, inform them about the activity like that there are criteria ok. So, just remind them of the criteria keep if you have not done this then you are at a chance that losing the certificate ok. So, scare them basically ok and anything else. They cannot proceed further without completing. Yeah ok this is a interesting thing however it is heavily dependent on technology. So, do not allow them to do certain thing unless you answer is a option definitely and there are certain technology affordances available that you cannot proceed further. But let us let us only limit ourselves to what instructor should do technology is definitely available ok anything else? All instructors ran out of ideas after this that is ok. Let me see I think we have ah ok I did not appreciate the ok. So, appreciation. So, social appreciation is this ok you say social appreciation. So, that people get a feel ok that this person has done it. So, give like offer leniency right be lenient like of ok I was I was about to write offer offers. Provide hints ok ok. So, you are imagining that they are finding it tough therefore ok. So, there can be a category of people who are not able to do it just because they are ok. Get the feedback why they have not how do we get the feedback? Yes there are reasons how do we get that? Yeah. So, the correct option to implement this would be post it in discussion forum and ask them to. So, start a discussion thread right. Sir sir ok. Can we provide some bonus marks to regular students? For those who complete late? No no no those are we are talking about people who have not completed right. Completing assignment regularly. Regularly ok yeah if we can, but that happens before you set the rules of the game right you cannot change the rule suddenly. So, people may creep saying that why did not you tell us earlier we could have been in the top people then. Yeah it is a valid point it is a good point to to take ah engagement at a higher levels and see to it that retention ah is achieved, but all these things have to be done. Now in this scenario when I said that you see that 50 percent have not done it at that time you cannot introduce such a rule that is the problem ok. So, summarizing send a email obviously that was the first one ah a post update like deadline approaching or something like that ah extend deadline obviously we discussed we also ah saw about the discussion start a thread on the forum ah we can create exemplar content to show them that how typically it can be solved. So, provide hints was one of the options and then we can also have our teaching assistants to respond because they would be ah they may be stuck at a point. So, you can utilize multiple resources and collective intelligence in order to support them. So, that is what ah summarizes in a principle called as response principle. Now this is very much important principle ah because do not be passive to learn our actions instead provide a response to every learner action. Now this ah being passive is very ah interesting here why I am saying that is technology will tell you if person has logged in in your course and attempted a quiz you get a you can search using technology opponents. However, the learners do not have such a luxury of looking at whether my answer was seen by the instructor or not or is there something. So, unless you provide a response to that they are going to ah assume that ah we do not know what happened to that. So, some some person read a different assignment ah in addition to what was told or something and if it goes unnoticed then that creates a frustration amongst the learners because they are done some action and it is not reciprocated in any manner. So, do not assume all learners will act in the same manner instead. So, it happens it applies to both people who are doing extra things and people who are not doing even minimum things instead envisage different learner actions and design customized responses. As a ah instructor we should be equipped with this range of responses for different styles of ah learner actions which can possibly come. So, that is what this principle talks about which example yeah yeah right. So, ah so, we have three types of responses we just ah listed them. One is a platform based and some of you are talking about a technology based thing. So, for example, IIT Bombay X has a beautiful ah technology affords that if you login after some time ah then it will tell you that last time you had left at this point and do you want to continue or you want to ah start all over again or something. So, that is a interesting ah affords because it just tells learner that we know that you were here right. Even if it is not the instructor the instructor will not be able to keep a track of each and every learner, but the system telling you itself is a good response that ah that I am I am told that ok start from this point onwards. Then the second is about and there are many such ah platform based responses which which keep on doing and they can just change. However, there should be a design in the instructor's mind to have them then they can be implemented. So, one such thing could be response from the instructor creating a hall of fame on using social recognition tools like social media. So, my course on render ah is taken by varied learners and I I do not have exact data at some time because ah you can just login on your name or something. So, in we have WhatsApp groups also of ah certain areas. So, in one such group one lady was constantly asking questions and people were answering them. In one of the answers a fellow learner replied say madam you should do it such and such way and that madam responded saying that I am not madam I am her son. So, and then other person said ok how old are you? He said I am 7 7 standard student. So, this boy had used his mother's email id to login because we put in this 18 years and all that and he completed the course and he was putting some really beautiful ah 3D models. So, we had given assignment of create a chess piece ah in the game of chess and this person had done the entire chess board and then he wrote to me saying that I have done everything I am not able to do the knight the Goda in the chess because it is slightly complicated. So, tell me how to do that? So, this is where that response thing happens a diverse and ah diversity. So, there are diverse learners with diverse backgrounds diverse objectives of why they are doing that course and instructor should take cognizance of that. So, I had to spend 2 nights in in designing different types of knights and how to make them in blender and then I throw it open to my ah support systems like my TA groups and all that ok all of you make knight in chess and then post it here and people actually posted videos of that. So, that is how ah things can happen. So, creating a hall of fame using social media. So, I have a Facebook page running of my course where constantly whatever good models are submitted I put it up there. I have realized that ah some of the learners do not like it to be posted on discussion forum because nobody sees them, but instead they are very happy if it is posted on a Facebook page because they can show it around saying that ok and there they can get some likes and I do not know what, but yeah that is how social recognition has its own role to play. Highlighting diverse entries I just mentioned one of them and encouraging learners to complete the submissions. So, we keep on sending emails for example, a small little program written for mail merge ah you can easily send out a email which looks customized to the person. So, I think some of you who are participants of my course must have received the mail by now that the deadline is approaching. So, they are actually some of my participants of the animation course. So, they just told me we have not completed your quizzes, but you will get a email in your name and that makes and also a status bar of how many questions you have not attempted and which questions you have attempted. So, all that gives the learner where I am I kind of status which satisfies that ok I am also been seen and felt by the instructor. So, that is a important point to have and that is what is response principle and response from forum moderators obviously, having timely responses I cannot wait endlessly to get your response I posted on a discussion forum. If I do not get response in time I am going to lose my interest and belief on this discussion forum. So, I would not ask about it that is very important creating separate threads because you want to categorize answers and using parallel channels of communication I just told you that we use some WhatsApp and other emails and other discussion things for doing interaction and giving responses. So, yeah so, this was the point timely responses. So, we typically have seen that our traffic on the course is very high in the night. So, people are creating some model and there are queries coming up late in the night at 12, 12, 13, 1 o'clock and my TAs cannot be up all the night to answer. Luckily some of my students who were participants earlier have now joined US universities or companies and working in US and I as a mandatory thing whoever has done my course and is in my connect I offer them that you become a discussion forum moderator for my course. At any given point I have more than 10 discussion forum moderators in my course and luckily some of them are offshore's they take care of my night shift. So, 3 o'clock you post a query you get answer at 3.30 because that person is awake at that side and able to give responses. This happens and actually this also helps in that hall of fame thing people post their success stories that we did something using blender and they did diverse things somebody used it for database visualization. So, put in Python code in blender and did something posted back on the forum saying that I am using it for this somebody used it for some other purpose somebody used in thermodynamics to create a PVT diagram and they posted it back that this is how we have applied blender here may people making games out of blender and posting it back somebody just posting that I am earning my pocket money by freelancing my blender skills and submitting my models to freelance websites and earning my pocket money out of it and putting those success stories there helps a lot. I continue to write a blog for all such activities and keep posting those blog entries on to the discussion forum. So, it is a complete mix of things which happens and helps us out in just taking this thread forward. So, how to apply this? This use technology to monitor and respond to your learners. So, monitor and respond are two main criteria monitor is because we want all of them to go ahead and do not be stagnant or drop out and respond is whoever is already in some action mode they should get some responses. Learner tracking, sending personalized communication and assigning moderators for forums are three ways of taking care of this response in time as well as accurate. So, this is what we have for the day right. So, over to JK. So, as is usual with all workshops you will have your customary homeworks coming in, but just before the customary homeworks I know all of you have had a long day there were lot of things that you have heard and it is now time to just process what has happened across the day and how does it actually what do you say impact you. So, let me just start of when we started. So, when we started we started of saying that you are going to create a course of your own and the first activity you do you did the first thing that you did was create the title of the course. So, I am just going to give you a snapshot of how it will affect in the MOOC process cycle. So, the moment you type out the course decide have decided that you are planning to create a course in some platform Moodle, so I am wherever it is the first thing that happens is once you have decided the course that course banner and so this is the first process that you did yes I am planning to create a course. So, the course has come in the web page of the MOOC provider ok. Now, then what you did was you identified the learner characteristics and other things. So, what it facilitated was a person who wants to register they would log in and let us say somebody has logged into this platform and he is going to find the course and the moment you specify the characteristic you are going to specify what all courses each learner can take. So, some as you know FDPs etcetera are invitation only some have prerequisites and other things. So, it will enable a person to select one among these. So, yes I have selected a particular course and that person has come in over here. So, what you are specifying is the read more part of the particular course let us say this one about this course, course number, when is the schedule starting, some of requirements, preliminary computer literacy, teaching experience, course syllabus is there what will you learn from this course. So, you are specifying learner characteristics and prerequisites you are specifying this. So, now the learner is either convinced to take this course or he decides let us move out ok. So, suppose that this learner is convinced and he has taken the course. Let us say he has selected this course and the next part is what you have done is you have done the topics and other things regarding the course. So, what you have done is you have filled out identified the topics that is there in this course. So, what you have done is the left hand side of IIT Bombay x course you have done by looking at topics you have identified learning objectives for the topics. So, you have completed the left hand side and then identifying individual learning objectives and looking at contents what you have done is you have gone into this subtopics and within subtopics you have decided how long this will be the sequence of activities. So, will it be a video followed by activities. So, this is your LEDs and LBDs and the LXIs whatever you wanted. So, this what you have had is a flavor of each of this what to do when you are going to do each of these elements. So, how you can do this? So, embedding different ways in which so different kinds of materials and other things you have already done through this and some of the basic ways in which you can think of responding to learners when they log in. So, you have done only till this now. What you are going to do tomorrow is you are going to go deep into each of these elements. So, these are LED, LBD. So, how to create one LED? How to create one LBD? So, suppose there is an LBD, LBD is not complete without the customary feedback. So, tomorrow you will go individually into each of these element. Today you went individually into the left hand side. Tomorrow you will go into one of each of these elements. So, you will go through a LED, LBD, LXI, reflection quiz, LXT, assimilation quiz. So, each one has a flavor. So, with this you can decide one topic you will go in depth. After that what you should do? You should go back think of your own course try to populate the others then offer it. There are some more tips that we will principles that we will share regarding orchestration. So, you can try that out when you actually orchestrate, but essentially you will go with this picture in mind both today and tomorrow with and the worksheets will actually help you out. So, we will be sharing these all these slides and worksheets by tomorrow morning will be sending out emails it is in a Google drive. So, we will be sharing this out to everyone. So, tomorrow be one more thing are all of you having laptops with you. So, bring your laptops tomorrow. So, we will do some scripting activity there will be lot more. So, we will explore more of the technology tomorrow. Today was more of the pedagogy and the larger picture of LCM. Tomorrow we are going to go deep into the intricacies of technology. So, bring your laptops will set out that connection will ensure that it is stable tomorrow or we will have some backup plans for that there will be one assignment. So, you have done till sequencing till now the feedback and assessment the worksheet is ready I think it has been distributed. It will be distributed now. So, your take home activity is complete the feedback and assessment and one more additional thing think of the diverse learners in your proposed course. So, tomorrow will start off with the diverse learners. So, that will be the assimilation quiz for tomorrow will start with the assimilation quiz be ready to write out scripts for your videos. So, each of you have one video in mind. So, think of a script for the video what you will tell in the video it should not be more than 10 minutes it should be less than 10 minutes should be focused on a concept. So, think of these three things while you are going today tomorrow we will start sharp at 9.30 it is 4.45 now we will wind it up now you can distribute the worksheets now any questions or clarifications yes yes. So, by so the question was what is meant by script of video each of you have identified one topic and one video element that you are planning to create in your MOOC. Now, for that one video element think of what you are going to say in that video yes think of what you are going to say where is the reflection spot and all those things okay any other questions okay. So, we will wind up for today thank you all see you tomorrow morning at 9.30 thank you.