 In this video, we will talk about charts. Let us look at here. Is this the right way to represent the information? This is a pie chart. This is a stacked bar chart. It is good. It is a lot of information. Just take a moment and think why this is not the right way to represent. The reason is there are too much information and although there are each and every colors, but still too much information for someone to observe it. I know that data might be of really complicated data. We are putting a nice pie chart. Still, we are making more complicated for students to understand or the end users to understand. Maybe how do you compare these two colors? So, what this color means, we have to look at it. So, there are a lot of complications in this particular type of representations. Similarly, in this particular charts, I want to see how this particular one variable is changing over the time and it is not easy for me to make the inference from the data. So, what type of charts to use and what are the types are there? So, there are many more types of charts or plots or graphical representations, basics ones like bar charts, stacked bar chart, pie chart, histogram, box plot, scatter plot and line charts. And when we can use these charts and when we cannot use the charts. So, we will go into each of these types of charts in detail. First, we will start with bar charts. Bar chart is nothing but pictorial representation of consisting of rectangles, represent a variable values, a different context like a time, place, etc. And it is most frequently used and it is very easy to comprehend. So, we use bar chart, we saw that everywhere. So, it is kind of this. Like I was talking about the average marks over several years, 2015, 2016, 2017, if we have a particular course and the particular course is average mark over say last 6 years, you can draw this graph chart. So, this bar chart tells you that the students performance in 2015 and 2019-20 is comparable but 2016 batch did really good. You might have did some new teaching strategy, the students are exceptionally good, something happened there. You might know what is happened there that is the diagnostic context. But by just describing this data in a bar chart, you get some indication that something good here. And here these two batches are consistently did good compared to the other three batches like 2015, 2019, and 2020. So, might be something happening in this two areas, something is reducing there. So, this kind of simple representation using rectangles is represented as a bar chart. It gives an inference that comparing one year data to other year data and different times. Also, this is most frequently used and easy to understand. So, you know bar charts, just give an example also. Now, consider when to use this bar charts and when not to use this bar charts. At least we have done two points for when to use and we have done two points for when not to use bar charts. After you writing down your answer, there should be to continue. So, when to use bar charts, like it is while tracking the variable, development of variable from say year 1 to year 2 to year 3, you can use it. For example, year child's growth in every year, every exams or the child's growth in every month, something like that. And while comparing two quantities over time, for example, you want to compare absentee rate of boys and girls in different grades, you can these kind of charts. So, here the boys data is like in a light gray color and black color in the girls data. So, you can compare this data. So, we can say consistently the absentee rate has been across grades, it is higher for boys. And class 9 students absentee rate is less compared to the class 12 students. So, you can infer more information from this graph. So, to compare and also to show the trained also to compare the data several years, the bar charts can be used. When not to use bar charts, when using more than two variables or if you want to compare students performance in seven courses of average over years. So, when you use more than two variables, better not to use the bar charts. Also, when you wish to depict the contribution made by each individual towards total quantity, bar chart is not useful information. And bar chart will not show all the statistical information of the data you provided. For example, it is case average. Who got the minimum score in that particular year? Who got the maximum score? Can we get the data on a bar chart? No. So, bar chart is not good to represent the contribution by each individual also to represent the statistical features of the data. Let us move on to pie charts. Pie charts is circular chart divided into slices. So, larger the slice, the more contribution it has made to the total quantity. Here is the example pie chart. Let us consider this is the distribution of emotions in online session. Let us consider the A is students engagement and this is students delight and less frustrated, confused board. So, if you want to represent out of the total time in the online session, say 20% of time students is engaged, 32% they are delighted and 12% they were frustrated and 12% bored. In 24% of time, they are confused. So, so data can be used to represent this kind of information. Students information in respect to the overall behavior of the students. So, similar to last activity, please pass this video and list down when to use pie chart, when not to use pie charts. So, for depicting the sections of whole that is representing the fraction of information compared to the whole information, the pie charts can be used. So, for example, in the class, what fraction of students got which grade in the class? For example, who got less than 10 marks towards the fraction, say that is a fraction of the values. And who got more than 50 marks, this is a fraction. So, to represent that the class distribution of marks is can be used pie chart. So, the important information in pie chart is make sure the sum of all the values equal to the total quantity, do not miss out the values and complete the pie chart. When not to use pie charts, we saw the example that last 6 years score, consider the average score is represented in the pie chart. So, such a place is like when you are comparing the progress over time, do not use pie charts. And also similar to bar chart, if you are interested on one particular type of data, one particular user's information, one user's contribution, pie chart may not help. In this video, we saw what is bar charts and what is pie charts. In subsequent videos, we will have a more detailed discussion on other type of charts. And also we will talk about which charts to be picked up for what kind of data. Thank you.