 Ann Gemfliadwen i ddim gael i ni. Umfiliad yna waith ni, dyna ddim yn mynd i ddim yn mynd i. Wedyn ddim yn mynd i. Wyddyn ni'n gwybod yn ymddangos, ddim yn mynd i. Okay. Yrdyma ni'n gwybod yna, dwi'n meddwl gweinidol ar y llyfer yr hwn yn digon. Dyma'n meddwl gweinidol ar y llyfer er mewn hwn yn meddwl. ar safnod ti'r wych yn bai. If you know the place. Welcome everybody. My name is Rachel Mills... I'm the senior vice president of the academic here at King's College London. It's a delight to welcome so many of you here today for this important event. We're here to host, or actually to launch, the Indo-Pacific programme. which is the UK's first university-based programme in this area. Mae'r ffordd yma yn ymgyrch yn gallu'r ysgrifennu cyfnodol yn y cyfnodol Llywodraeth Cymru yn y rhan o'r strategi, oedd yna os ymddych chi'n gweithio ymddangos cyfnodol yn cyfnodol. Yn ymwneud o'r cyfnodol gweithio'r cyfnodol, sy'n gweithio'r ddweud o'r ddaf yn gweithio'r ddweud o'r llyfrwyng. Ond ydych chi'n cael ei wneud fynd i gweithio, i gweithio, i bwysig, i'r cymdeithasol i gweithio i'r wneud hynny o'r gweithio gwaith ychydig o'r hollol. A hynny'n defnyddio ar gyfer gwirio i ddod i gweithio'r ddylchio'r cynhyrchu a'r ddyliau'r cyffredig o'r cyfaint o hynny. A hynny'n ddweud hynny ddysgu'r cyfranteithau i'r ddysgu a'r cyfaint o hyd o fynd i ddysgu i'r cyfrantio'r hollol, but particularly with Australia and this commitment draws upon the key role played by the school of security studies who are here tonight and the center of grand strategy and in particular this builds on something we set up eight years ago the king's japan program and we're extending that tonight and that program in 2021 created the first double m a in between kcl and the university of tokyo in 2022 we set up the indo pacific research group again many of whom are here tonight but i wna call out in particular the long standing plus alliance and this plus alliance is between arizona state university who again are represented here tonight and the university of new south wales and king's college london and this alliance innovates and solves global challenges and the focus of the alliance for 2022 is around security and defence and we're particularly excited to launch that initiative again so the center for grand strategy is two main aims through the indo pacific program the first aim is to build problem solving cultural competency and that is about creating an international community of students experts and practitioners who have a unique ability to identify and solve specific problems and secondly it's about nurturing security focused strategic fluency and by this we'll mobilise cultural competency for the specific objectives of developing strategy but what we're here for really tonight is to hear from our two exceptional guests who are here our guests who can speak with authority about the region and about the foreign policy significance so i'm specific going to invite the right honourable and marie travellian minister for the indo pacific uk to the podium in a second to initiate the discussion so amry has been a senior cabinet position has held senior cabinet positions across defence energy trade and now foreign policy and so she's really naturally placed to provide expert remarks in this area so amry please come to the stage great job thank you and thank you all for joining us this evening i hope we are able to give you some insights into the practical nature that the politicians bring to building the relationships that we already have and want to grow i'm really delighted to be able to welcome minister wong penny to the uk today i was able to meet her just before christmas when i was out in australia as we started to have conversations about the many i mean multifaceted doesn't really describe opportunities commitments and responsibilities that we want to work together with in the years ahead our relationship the uk relationship with australia of course has gone from strength to strength in recent years and i was very proud and honoured to be the secretary of state who delivered our first from scratch trade deal with australia a year ago and it was lovely to see it come into force i was i was sort of challenged by don farrell your trade minister to see who could get it into force first in australia one so there's a competition there that we need to make sure we keep track of but that relationship those the depth of these relationships that we're building i hope demonstrate that the uk's very serious long-term commitment to the indio pacific it's going to be a priority as you will all i hope enjoy reading when the integrated review refresh is published later in the spring but the indio pacific is at the heart of that long-term strategic set of relationships that the uk knows are critically important to help us sustain those values those opportunities for free trade freedom of action and freedom from coercion not only for ourselves as big strong nations of the world but to support all those who need us to stand alongside them to ensure that they too can allow their nations their citizens to grow in peace and prosperity so we have some really exciting work to do together and i'm thrilled that both penny wong and she's brought richard miles with her to come and discuss at augmins this week with defence and foreign ministers some of the key issues as we build these relations together but i'm thrilled that you're here penny thank you for joining us and if i may give you the floor to tell us a little more about australia's vision in this really exciting region of yours thank you very much anmarie the right honourable anmarie travelian i should say for that introduction and i look forward to joining you in conversation shortly can i think professor rachel mills alesio professor patelano and kings college london centre for grand strategy for inviting me this evening to be part of the launch of your endo pacific program and it was great to have the opportunity earlier to meet some of your students and have a have a short chat with them i also acknowledge the uk's high commissioner to australia vicki tradell and although she can't be here this evening in her absence i do want to acknowledge a former australian prime minister julia gillard in whose cabinet i had the honour of serving as you know julia was australia's first female prime minister and she's continued her formidable contribution to women democracy and education in leading the global institute for women's leadership here at kings college and their work informed our government's approach to closing the gender gap so we think kings college is as lucky to have her as our country was and we're proud to host an australian location for the institute at the australian national university i want to especially especially at knowledge my friend steven smith australia's new high commissioner to the united kingdom the prominence of our relationship with the uk has long been reflected with the appointment of a former senior cabinet minister to the position of high commissioner steven was a member of our parliament for 20 years and he served as minister for defense and minister for foreign affairs and during those six years i sat at the cabinet table with him and i know our bilateral relationship is in good hands but most of all thank you all for being here tonight and can i say what a pleasure it is to be here at kings college an institution with such a rich history of thought and research on many of the biggest questions humanity faces so it is fitting that through the new program being launched today the first of the it's kind in the united kingdom that you're continuing to be at the vanguard applying yourself to the geostrategic dynamics of the indo pacific the most consequential region of our time and likely to remain so for generations to come when this esteemed college was founded in 1829 the indo pacific was in large part a collection of european and british colonies australia among them and for many decades after australia federated in 1901 many australians considered themselves british as well as australian still today more than a third of the australian population traces their ancestry back to the united kingdom and over a million british born people call australia home but the nature of our nations of our regions and indeed our world has changed and so too has the character of our relationship in the 1920s australia went from essentially having our foreign policy determined by british ministers as had been the case before first world the first world war to developing our own thinking and practice in pursuit of our national interest and after the end of the second world war as many of our neighbours gradually broke free of european colonial control australia built its own foreign service and our foreign policy turned its focus to what we now call the indo pacific in 1970s in the 1970s former prime minister goff whitlam shifted australia's perspective from asia as a place in which things happened to a group of countries with which things happened and in 1992 former prime minister paul keating urged australians to accept the geophysical reality of our place in the region to accept that we had a rightful presence in the region and today as a modern multicultural country home to people of more than 300 ancestries and the oldest continuing culture on earth we see ourselves as being in the indo pacific and being of the indo pacific and the modern face of australia just as the modern face of britain is readily apparent both among our citizens at large and our political leaders take my own example in 1836 just two years after westminster passed the south australian colonisation act my mother's great great grandparents were some of the first british to settle in south australia that ancestral connection with britain has been standard among the men and women who have served in my role but the other side of my family had a very different experience of british colonisation my father is descended from haka and cantonese chinese many from these clans laboured in the british north borneo company in tin mines and plantations for tobacco and timber many worked as domestic servants for british colonists as did my own grandmother sometimes such stories can feel uncomfortable for those whose stories they are and for those who hear them but understanding the past enables us to better share the present and the future it gives us the opportunity to find more common ground than if we stay sheltered in narrower versions of our country's histories it helps open the world to us the indopacific to us as foreign minister i've had the privilege of visiting 24 indopacific countries in my first six months on the job that's quite a few this work has rendered crystal clear that one of the most important ways our countries can modernise our relationships is in the story we tell the world about who we are which of course is the starting point of your foreign policy at the same time as we continue to invest in our longer standing relationships we are engaging ever more closely with the region and making the case for greater global focus on our region indeed that will be a major focus this week when i will participate in the annual australia uk ministerial consultations ock men alongside australia's deputy prime minister and minister for defence richard miles and we look forward to our time with our counterparts ben mollus and james cleverly at a time of heightened geopolitical uncertainty okman is an opportunity it's an opportunity to shape and modernise the strategic framework for our relationship in fact to transform it to elevate cooperation across today's priorities climate change and clean energy economic security cyber and critical technology and countering disinformation and much more to that end our discussions will explore ways we can together achieve better connectivity and engagement across the euro atlantic and indo pacific regions in 2021 your government's integrated review made the case for the united kingdom to engage more deeply with the indo pacific calling it and i quote critical to our economy our security and our global ambition to support open societies describe the indo pacific as the world's growth engine accounting for 17.5% of your global trade and 10% of inward foreign direct investment it said home to half the world's people 40% of global GDP some of the world's fastest growing economies at the forefront of global trade arrangements leading and adopting digital and technological innovation and standards investing strongly in renewables and green tech and vital to our goals for investment and resilience supply trains especially as the uk adjusts to a post brexit economy its interest in engagement is obvious of course australia has its own benefits to gain from economic engagement in the region but i wnawn i gydag i chi wneud we see two broader imperatives for economic engagement advancing prosperity for all is in itself a good thing doing what we can to alleviate poverty and lessen disadvantage is the right thing to do it's not only a contribution to humanity's betterment it is an investment in our own security stability and prosperity unmutually reinforcing the countries of the region are ambitious for growth opportunity and prosperity and we've seen this in the remarkable trajectories of development in these last decades we see it in the region's contribution to global growth and there is much more to come australia is part of it this and we want to be part of this and we also want this to be understood by our partners in the region that we share interest beyond the security issues that can so dominate discussion that we understand that their success is our success that we know that closer economic ties have benefited us all so for australia our membership of cptpp arsep apec and ipf and our trade agreements with azian china japan india newzill in the republic of the career the us underline our view that our national interest lies at being at every table where endo pacific economic integration is being discussed and actualised you see membership of these economic partnerships reinforces the rules based trade in our region that is so vital to modern trading nations like australia and the uk so we welcome the many ways both in words and deeds that the uk's endo pacific tilt has progressed the integrated reviews logic has been accepted and is now being refreshed to take into account the way the world has changed in the last couple of years and we look forward to seeing what shape it takes in today's circumstances we were heartened to see the united kingdom become the first country to become an azian dialogue partner in 25 years it's both a signal of your intent to support the region's priorities as well as of azian seeking to bring in additional capable and responsive partners australia became azian's first dialogue partner in 1974 almost 50 years ago and both our nations recognise the centrality of azian to the region the uk's request to a seed to the comprehensive and progressive agreement for the trans pacific partnership one of the ambitious trade most ambitious trade deals ever concluded is also meaningful like australia and other cptp members the uk is committed to trade liberalisation and the higher standard of trade and investment rules and the approaches this approach has been underlined in our recently concluded bilateral free trade agreement which in itself sets a higher standard and you've increased your diplomatic footprint in the pacific opening three high commissions in pacific island countries in three years like australia the united kingdom is also a founding member of the partners in the blue pacific initiative which will enhance partner coordination to support pacific priorities so we understand there is great opportunity in the indo pacific there is much to be optimistic about but it doesn't only matter this because of the opportunity it offers the indo pacific matters most consequentially to us all because it is the region in which the reshaping of our world is centred as security and economic dynamics that have held for decades are shifting the strategic environment is changing and we all have a role to play in this reshaping despite being part of the region australia has not always listened well to the countries of southeast Asia and of the pacific and we've not often listened as carefully as we could have well our government is working to change that we take an approach that puts listening above lecturing that aligns australia's interests with those of our partners whether on climate infrastructure food security or economic development opportunity and resilience an approach that respects the sovereignty and agency of the countries of the region that doesn't force people to choose sides but ask people to choose what sort of region they want and asks them to work with us on achieving that together in this we must exercise agency we're not bystanders in this story i said last last year at the carnigie endowment for international peace we are not hostages to history we decide what we do with the present and we decide what we do to help shape the region that we want we want to live in a region and a world that is peaceful and predictable where our countries and our peoples can cooperate trade and thrive where our relations are based on partnership where we respect the agency and leadership of regional institutions whether they be asian or the pacific island forum it's clear to me from my travels that this is what most of the region wants as does the united kingdom we all seek partnerships that are transparent that create economic and social value we all desire a region where no country dominates and no country is dominated the kind of economic engagement that i have outlined is part of how we all contribute to this and demonstrate our stake in that priority but the other key element is working with partners to uphold the agreed international rules that underwrite our stability prosperity and our sovereignty for just as we have a role to play in the reshaping of our region so too do we all have a role to play in defending the rules based order as a region we know the sharp edge of strategic competition we have experienced our situation becoming more dangerous and more volatile i've said many times that we face the most challenging strategic circumstances of the post-war period our region is home to the largest military build-up anywhere in the world in that period with limited transparency and reassurance north korea conducted more than 60 ballistic missile launches last year last august five chinese ballistic missiles were reported to have fallen in japan's exclusive economic zone we must always remember that if conflict were to break out in the indopacific it would be catastrophic for humanity so australia sees our investment in our future defence capabilities as essential for deterring conflict and maintaining a strategic balance in the indopacific a balance where regional peace prevails and the sovereignty of all nations large and small is preserved we are resolved to have capabilities that contribute to the strategic equilibrium i've described our historic august partnership with the united kingdom and the united states will help us maintain our capability in the indopacific into the future and complement our collective efforts to ensure regional security and regional stability this has been a genuinely collaborative effort between three close and long-standing partners and we are fast approaching a decision on the optimal pathway forward for australia to acquire nuclear-powered submarines which of course will be discussed at unministerial meetings this week we welcome the uk's effort to promote the accepted rules of freedom of navigation through the carrier strike group deployment which toured more than 40 countries last year and continues to engage in the region the deployment of uk and european naval assets to the indopacific adds to strategic equilibrium and collective deterrence in the region but more than that is that it is a tangible assertion of the openness of the global commons on which our shared prosperity depends our military capability is a key part of how we manage strategic competition but it is only one part of it alongside new acquisitions and exercises we must keep focus on diplomacy economic openness and upholding the rules working with our regional partners in the pacific asian northeast asia and the quad to be truly effective in the region we need to offer countries choices after all not being forced to choose means having real choices choices in areas that count like investment innovation education energy transition and more choices that help countries protect their own sovereignty and we need to engage transparently and as equals from common ground the strategic challenges i have outlined are not ones faced only by our region in europe we're also seeing attempts to rewrite or sideline long accepted rules and norms of international law that's why the australian government and the australian people like the uk's government and people care so deeply about the situation in ukraine and it is why we have committed considerable resources to help keep defend its territorial integrity this includes the this includes last month deploying 70 a adf personnel to support a multinational effort to train ukrainian troops here in the united kingdom not just out of excuse me not just out of solidarity with the australian the ukrainian people and in opposition to one of the most flagrant violations of the most basic tenets of the un charter in recent memory but for this reason we see russia's attack on ukraine as an attack on all and on the fundamental norm of territorial integrity and of sovereignty as we are here in london it seemed fitting that i would conclude these remarks by quoting one of your great poets no man is an island entire of itself and every man is a piece of the continent a part of the main the language may reflect the time but the sentiment still holds australia like britain is an island and i reflect on my friend james cleverley's observations on why a peaceful prosperous island nation engages with foreign policy in our modern tightly woven world what happens in europe reverberates in the indo pacific and what happens in the indo pacific reverberates in europe no region indeed no country is an island australia understands this we are committed to working with you with our partners and with our region to help build the alignment we need so that we can shape the region and the world we want stable prosperous secure and respectful of sovereignty because despite the grim comparisons between today's global circumstances with the darkest eaves of human history remember this we decide what we do with the present and our own actions determine our own future thank you very much good evening my name is alesio palano i'm the director of the kings of japan program and as of tomorrow the indipositive program as well um foreign minister one thank you very much for these inspiring remarks um there is something absolutely essential and quintessential i would say that that's that spoke to me as a member of the department to hear more studies in the center of grand strategy that relates to this point you made a number of times about history and the rule of history telling the stories of who we are is the first step in foreign policy you mentioned but you also very forcefully talked about how we're not hostages of history history should inform where we come in from and how we approach foreign policy but not sort of frame how we move forward and that leads me perhaps to two additional points that perhaps the second and third steps in foreign policy are about studying others people's story learning about them and learning how to communicate our stories to them and communicate with them about their stories and this is very much where our mission here at kings is and this is very much about where the center and the japan program and the indipositive programs have been sort of setting forth trying to study the ring the indipositive inside the different element component but whether it is nation states or indeed multilateral frameworks you talked about collective organizations so important for shipping the prosperity of the region as well as guaranteeing the security that underpins that prosperity um but it's also learning how to communicate those points to that rachel earlier on made today about the fact that we're trying to work on linking strategic fluency that capacious city to work with others with cultural competency mobilizing an active way of understanding others so we can best understand the way forwarded together finding the common points that are so essential to create a stronger future now and we are now moving into the second part of these events and i'm delighted to say that we're going to have a pleasure to have an in conversation with uh for mr wong and mr trevellian so if i've got to ask you to sort of come to the stage someone will mic you up and then we'll move to the next uh uh moment of these evening excellent wonderful wonderful you touched upon so many things i wonder if i could um i could sort of go straight to the one of the last points you mentioned the fact that in today's world the indipacific and the european they are getting closer um there is a sense of connection because of some of the fundamental issues you talked about the importance of national sovereignty that is a principle that applies everywhere and i wonder therefore building upon this point you are making on how the indipacific and the european are getting closer together and that dialogue is intensifying and from a security perspective you mentioned managing security risks is something very important to discuss with with candibars so in cooperation with with the uk and what do you think are the areas where one could sort of focus on that in particular given that in europe at the moment we find ourselves in a situation whereby there's there's war on the european continent something that we haven't thought about for a very long time looking at the indipacific as you said what happens in the indipacific matters here and can you think of any hotspot that could be like a ukraine before febri 2022 and are these hotspots places like north korea which are mentioned or indeed the taiwan straits well i think you could do you can make a case for a range of areas of risk couldn't you but can i there was one of those questions that some of these journals might like to ask where there's multifaceted bids right but can i start with the first part which is really the question about geography and i was in brosles this morning and i was asked not a dissimilar question about the aeroatlantic and the indipacific and i think the way i think about it is that what matters that the challenge for all of us in many ways is to think beyond geography because whilst geography you know obviously shapes much of the world many of the challenges we face today go across geographic regions go across the you know obviously indipacific and the aeroatlantic and the challenge for us i think is to integrate that fact and into how we operate in the defence and foreign policy norms and what that means is thinking about who are we working with to what end and we are working in this world at a time where the multilateral system is under threat where you know international rules and norms which have enabled us to live in peace and prosperity for generation are being reshaped so part of what we have to do and part of how we see you know the the continued transformation of our relationship with the UK and and i work with many others is working with countries with a similar interest in maintaining you know the international laws-based order which has benefited us and it also is the basis on which Australia has been so strong from afar on on Ukraine because congratulations to you know all those in this theatre who have worked so hard to you know have solidarity in that regard but we have done so because we see us as having a very very clear interest in making sure that there is a very strong response a response characterised by solidarity in the face of an unlawful immoral war and the breaching of the UN Charter. Thank you. Minister Trevellian, if I could sort of jump in in this one because we've seen in the last year the UK security identity got much sharper and I think there's a there's a there's a fair observation and and I wonder linking to this this question of how there are issues that we face that that go well beyond the boundaries of a specific region and do you think there is a an Indo-Pacific version of that identity for the UK moving forward that that sort of sharper security sort of profile in the Indo-Pacific and then to your mind if that's the case is there an equivalent if you want to the UK role that it played as the situation in Ukraine unfolded and generated and went into war is there a potential for a role that is not the same I'm not arguing that but is there an equivalent of that sharper security role for the UK and the Pacific? So I think the Euro-Atlantic and the Pacific are indivisible and I think to Penny's point for many reasons we we live in an entirely interconnected world and the tragedy beyond the appalling breaches of basic international law about invading other people's countries has demonstrated us that the disruptions that that sort of behaviour creates have reached into every corner of the world. So when I say you know the economies and the security of the Atlantic and the Pacific are indivisibly linked in every sense that is true not only because all those who believe in territorial integrity are appalled not only because the disruption to energy prices reaches to the poorest countries most dramatically that the challenges of grain because it turned out the country that Russia invaded had 40% of the world's grain supplies and they were stuck for months created huge anxiety and indeed massive disruptions not only to food but to the challenges around fertilizer for those countries where their economic and you know resilience for their own populations depended on the predictability of those supplies I think a really interesting point I shared which I noted in Penny's speech I often talk about you know our mission to assure peace and prosperity for those countries who perhaps can't defend themselves but you use the word predictability as well Penny and I think that's really really powerful that is what we have suddenly all be confronted with that the predictability of our world order has been shaken by this appalling act. So I think whilst and thank you I think UK is very proud of the work that I hope we're doing and we continue to lead and standing up against this outrageous aggression and we will continue to support the Ukrainians with whatever they need and encourage all our friends and allies to to stand alongside them until they reach a peaceful outcome which is the one that they need as a country but I think it it therefore reaches across the globe how do we the UK as we move to our Indo-Pacific tilt demonstrate what it is to your point that we do and it is much more than security because as Penny said the Indo-Pacific is the great region with growth so the economic opportunities are enormous the opportunities for shared resource I mean I'm I'm a mum of two young adults you know your your students this generation is what makes the world before us the youth of the Indo-Pacific are this incredible powerhouse engine of the future so the UK absolutely wants to be at the heart of that bringing what we can our skills our expertise to the region and working together to allow all those communities to grow in peace and prosperity and predictably and that's as I hope where the UK's deep expertise across you know many areas from R&D to our leadership on climate change challenges and thinking about how we can help the world make its energy transitions that's where I genuinely we can bring use and as I say when as I'm traveling you know how come how can we help what is it that the UK can usefully add to help this extraordinarily energetic and thriving region to really reach its potential but be able to live in that safe environment which Europe has had the extraordinary privilege of living in for you know nearly a century until Mr Putin decided that that wasn't good enough him so I think we are we are building and I hope with the number of tools we're demonstrating that through our trade deals with Australia and New Zealand obviously we're hoping to exceed to CPTPP so those those kind of rooted you know trade deals what's you know how do these relationships work trade forever husband case but in that we know that maritime security the free flows trade needs to be maintained so where we can do more with our Royal Navy and our relationships in the maritime we want to continue to grow those our digital economy agreements so much of what we do of course isn't physical goods it's in the digital space that's where the opportunities for growth and value for so many of these developing countries is there building those digital trade agreements with Japan and with Singapore so we want to to really try and bring what we believe are our assets to the region and to see this huge huge potential to grow in an environment that can really assure what Europe has been lucky enough to have for a very long time is mature economies living side by side in peaceful democratic environments when disrupted we know that the whole world is affected so I think we have to be very clear that we are indivisibly connected now thank you because this this goes back to the point you were making earlier about to the the question of the positive agenda you cannot go into the Indo-Pacific and talk about the stability of the region without having a positive agenda that builds upon prosperity and I wanted you to come back to the point a little bit more I don't think it's actually just about having a positive agenda so the way I think about it is this we live in a time where our world is being reshaped I said in the speech that you know it's focused on our region that reshaping others may have a different view but that is that is our view and really the question for all of us is you know what are we going to do to make sure in that reshaping the the rules and norms and regional and global order which which we will see in five 10 15 20 years time will enable our children my grandchildren to live in the sort the peace prosperity stability that we've enjoyed you know that that's that's how we envisage what what is occurring in order to do that in order to participate in shaping of the region which is really the task of hand you have to engage with your partners with others in the region recognizing where they are so instead of turning up and telling people you've got to do this understanding you know from their perspective what is what are their priorities what are they wanting and so the the line in the speech was a variation on what I always often use which is you know countries you know often say the other nations often say we don't want to have to choose because you know they're thinking about great power competition and what I say is no but we what we are asking you to choose what sort of region you want and in that conversation I think you have to start with listening to and understanding where they are so rocking up and having an entirely strategic discussion without recognizing the imperative of economic development for most of the countries of our region is just a recipe for making sure you don't you know have much genuine engagement so I don't see it as a positive agenda I see it as a I suppose a respectful agenda which is understand where people are and to to enable them to do what we can to provide options and choices on those issues which which matter that's wonderful and within this context there's so many different economic frameworks at the moment there are and yeah so actually when I was reading all the acronyms I thought wow that's a lot of acronyms it's a lot of acronyms and and and and to be honest the CPTPP is a mouthful that that that really is wonderful but but but but I think we had to it had to be differentiated from the DPP DPP so with CP but but you were saying I think you made a very important point to which which I think is is essential that and these new frameworks are part of these uh constructive engagement in the region really about having that conversation what kind of region you want to see forwards and the the the trajectory of economic development uh of the Indo-Pacific is is intrinsically linked to trade so uh and if you go to any of the ASEAN nations you know what is the conversation going to be about it will be about strategic issues but it will be about trading or trade opportunities and investment opportunities so uh I do see um those economic arrangements as really critical and Australia obviously you know we're a relatively small open economy and in many ways our resilience and our economic trajectory has been because we have been able to participate in a world with predictable trading arrangements speaking of trade opportunities and opportunities in the sense focus the new kid on the block the new kid on the block it's it's been characterised in different ways I call it a technology accelerator agreement because that's that's the way it looks at the moment but it seems to me that you could make an argument that it's a coin with two faces one is about anchoring the UK in in the region another one is also depending on how you interpret it all the process it's an opportunity to add the valuable piece to the security architecture how do you see there's an opportunity assuming that for example it's just me and you right now yeah there's no one here there's no one here one on its own so we can be completely frank yes we can be completely frank between you and me continue with me and 200 other people you know and some generous um well I think I think it's multifastered come on have a multifastered coin probably not um I mean it's you know our mission I think between the three nations is to create a genuine trilateral partnership um where all three you know parties are going to bring their you know skill sets their vision their technical skill there to your accelerator program much that is yet probably to be invented together because uh we are all agreed that we want to be able to uh pursue that shared aim of a stable Indo-Pacific so in that sense absolutely this is uh a very real commitment by the UK to demonstrate in a you know very practical way that commitment to the region but it's much more than that so it's I like the way you describe it it's it is many things we've described it with these different pillars and things but at the at the kind of first iteration the core of you know how the UK in the early stages will help is is helping Australia to build a next generation of nuclear powered submarines so that they they can do to Penny's point what they want to do in the region is to be able to act as a uh you know as a careful manager of the region to ensure to that key point that trades can flow free and fair trade works if the waterways are clear and safe it's really old fashioned it's really straightforward you know our Royal Navy was built 400 years ago by Queen Elizabeth the first sent off to help traders be able to move their goods around the globe and when there are pirates and you can't a lot of the Royal Navy's job for several hundred years was chasing pirates to allow those ships that wanted to move goods around to do so so the Australian commitment to want to have a next generation of submarines which they can help assure the region's security is one that we are you know absolutely committed to helping you know the UK has a great deal of expertise we and the US have been doing this very complex technology for more than half a century it's a it's a hugely complex endeavour I mean it's not just the building it's not just the tube it's not just the missile systems it's a whole ecosystem and Australia has a real a real journey you've taken on a really exciting but you know big challenge to build this ecosystem and I hope you know that and some of you in the room will be part of that journey this is this is building a whole nuclear regulatory framework it's it's sets of skills it's engineers it's academics that will help drive this new ecosystem that Australia will build and the UK absolutely stands ready to work alongside to help to help you build that I think it's an incredibly exciting hugely challenging commitment that you are making to the region in doing this because it's not only for your own purposes it is because that I think that commitment is real to support and that's something that UK is very proud you know to stand alongside and we look forward to I think it will be very exciting I think we're very challenging what's interesting is that it is it's taken a very very careful journey through the challenges around the word nuclear the work of the National Atomic Energy Agency have been very deep and very thorough it's very important that we understand the technologies that their value as a you know the nuclear reactors that we have in our submarines are going to be very similar to the ones that Rolls Royce and other SMRs look like as we create clean energy around the world to help countries make their clean energy transition these technologies are ones that are very complicated to manage but are also incredibly important to the long-term stability not only to assist in your patrolling of your back of your backyard waters but also as we around the world help develop those technologies so I think there's a really exciting journey here it's you know it's a relationship but at some levels to spirit level at the five eyes level you know the UK US Australia relationship is deep and long-standing and those we all speak the same language in that sense this is something much more profound an ecosystem which I hope the UK the US and Australia together will give something to the region which is really important to provide that peace prosperity and that predictability to your neighbours who are also our neighbours any final thoughts on this I think there's the what and there's the why the what is you know three long-standing friends partners allies working together to share technology and capability as we always have but you know I think a step change first pillar being the submarine capability which is you know a big a big step for us and a very important step for us and the second being you know advanced technologies hypersonics autonomous underwater capabilities and so forth so that you know there's there's the what and it's a very ambitious agenda and it will really require a lot of not only commitment but a lot of engagement of working together a lot of cooperation but that the why is important and the why is you asked a question about security architecture I see this as a contribution to the what I've described as a strategic equilibrium strategic balance but essentially to make to enable that the region in which we live to be one that has the attributes we've described and that's how Australia sees that capability you know that's why we are part of doing this but it's also why we are in the I think it can complement the existing architecture so the regional architecture of ASEAN obviously Pacific Island Forum the East Asia Summit and the Quad these you know which which is again a different arrangement these are all institutions arrangements dialogues partnerships which we seek to be part of in order to preserve the the attributes of the region we want not just today but for decades to come wonderful thank you both very much I think our time is is coming to an end but but I think what is what is delightful here is to realise how much you both put a challenge to us as a university as as a as academia in general and because as you say earlier in your speech and it is about building the future is about empowering ourselves to for the ability to tell our stories and communicate with others both our stories and understand their stories that communicate about them you said something in your um am I allowed to say something now yeah of course I mean no you said something in in in your contribution before you talked about competencies yes and I was struck by that actually because I think one of the things that foreign policy and diplomacy demands is trying to really get a sense of the world from your partner your other the others perspective how are they seeing the world how do they see the problems that we you've identified or that you see and what do they think other other other way through them and the the powerful engagement is one where you can find a way to integrate them and that's where where the element of competency and strategic fluency come together it's not just about learning how habits of someone else sort of come about it's about how operationalised that and I think that's really the challenge for us and that's why I was so delighted to have you both here well I think the world needs more of it so thank you well there you go and thank you very much for your time it's been absolutely delighted to have you both and I just wanted to again once more thank you and ask that everybody else to join us to thank our guests if I could ask everyone to wait for a second we'll have first the guests going out and then we will proceed with opening the doors and the before it back with the drinks it will be open until 8 p.m so if you are most welcome to sort of linger a little