 This is showing the societal section of the brain, all of you are neurosurgeons and many of the neurosurgeons, experienced neurosurgeons want to revise the brain again like first year MEV student, they want to see all the arteries and everything. So this is showing the part of the hemisection of the brain, you identify this corpus callosum then this is the whole of the thalamus, this is hypothalamus and you can see a distinct groove, this is the hypothalamic sulcus coming from the inter vertical of foramen towards the cerebral acuduct and already you can see that this part of the optic plasma, the laminar terminal is coming to the genu of the corpus callosum. So this area is the third ventricle, this area is the third ventricle, here you can see the striamidleris thalamus, this is the lateral border of the third ventricle and the other part of the thalamus, it goes to the body of the lateral ventricle, other part of the thalamus here, it is forming the body of the lateral ventricle. So we will see the different portions of the third ventricle here, the phonics is there, phonics is coming from the spenium of the corpus callosum and you can see the antia column of the phonics and this is the antia commision, again this is the optic plasma, laminar terminalis and the septum pelucidum has been ruptured to show the part of the lateral ventricle. Here is the column of the phonics and this is interventricular foramen and very nicely you can see the corrid fissure and the corrid plexus within it. So the antia boundary of the third ventricle is the laminar terminalis, then it goes here antia commissure, the antia column of the phonics and the roof is formed by the corrid plexus here, above the corrid plexus is the phonics, body of the phonics and most posteriorly is the part of the corpus callosum. The posterior boundaries, the pineal always goes out, so we have made a pineal, this is the pineal with the stalk and there is a trigon here called a vanilla trigon, that also is the boundary, this region actually is the posterior boundary of the third ventricle. The floor of the third ventricle is here, the structures in the floor of the interpeduncular fossa that is the optic plasma, then you can see the mammary bodies, I will show the mammary bodies, then tuberosinarium and the infallibular stalk and this portion is the part of the subthalamus actually, this area is the hypothalamus and junction between the midbrain and the hypothalamus, this area is the subthalamus that also forms the floor of the third ventricle. So here is the floor of the third ventricle, what you can see the basilar artery is the bifurcating the posterior cerebral artery, the P1 segment and the optic nerve, optic plasma, mammary bodies can be nicely seen and this is the tuberosinarium with the pituitary stalk, the oncus is nicely visible here, the olfactory tracts, olfactory bulb, the gyrus rectus is visible. The internal cathodic arteries with the posterior communicating artery is seen here, then yes here third ventricle is to me is already done, here you can see the floor, the optic plasma then the internal cathodic artery here, the tuberosinarium with the ventricle is to me the mammary bodies, posterior perfidious substance and part of the midbrain with the cerebral acutal junction between the third ventricle and posterior commissure has already come here, this is the optic tract going to the lateral genocular body. This is third ventricle, anterior commissure is here and some part of the antihon of the lateral ventricle has come, this is the addition between the tooth alamy and you can see the interventricular foramen, the two caliculae are also seen and posterior horn of the lateral ventricle has come here and both the sides the corat plexus is seen. This is the body of the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle leading to the midbrain you can see, here is the corat plexus from the third ventricle going to the lateral ventricle through the interventricular foramen, here this part is towards the thalamus and this is towards the body of the lentiform nucleus and corpus callusum section you can see. Here both the third and lateral ventricle has seen, this is the thalamus section of the thalamus interthalamic adhesion and here is the third ventricle continues into the cerebral acuduct below. This is the body of the lateral ventricle and you can see the phonics here and this is the floor, the medial part of the floor of the body of the lateral ventricle is formed by the thalamus here, here part of the thalamus is there and the corat plexus is there and actually you can see a groove here for the phonics and here is the body of the cordon nucleus in this junction lies the thalamus striate vein and the striate amylase. So, this opening is the thalamus striate vein and striate amylase the white matter will be here. The internal capsule is here you can see from the coronary adiatoid is going the internal capsule and the in the midbrain the substance in nigra part of the substance in nigra is there. The inferior horn of the lateral ventricle has also come here, here is the inferior horn and the cortex has folded here to form that sea horse type of structure. So, this is the hippocampus, the floor of the lateral ventricle is formed by the hippocampus and this fissure is the coroidal fissure, the medial side of the medial boundary of the inferior horn is formed by the coroidal fissure here, the anti-coroidal artery enters through this fissure and it forms the coroid plexus in the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. So, here are the recesses of the third ventricle, the anterior recess is between the two anterior column of the third ventricle and above the anterior commissure you can see that one of the column is here. Then this is the optic recess in the floor, infernibular recess is there, hypothalamic salkus is here. This is the suprapinial recess and pineal recess, these are the recesses of the third ventricle and I had very good specimen where you can see the floor of the third ventricle and this is the posterior commissure, these are the two coliculi, so you can see the cerebral acudac, third ventricle is continuous in the cerebral acudac and here is the hypoficial recess, the cross cerebrate can be seen on the lateral side. This is the section where we have got all the ventricles, the lateral ventricle, the corded nucleus actually all the neurosurgeons describe this as the C, this is one of the C of the corded nucleus, the head is here and tail goes to the roof of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. Here is the thalamus and the junction between the thalamus and the corded nucleus you can see the thalamus triad vein is and the strata amylase is here. So this is the groove where the fondix lies, actually fondix has been removed, fondix also forms a C-shaped structure, so there are three C's actually, one of the C is formed by the lateral ventricle which is coming to the temporal lobe, the other C is the corded nucleus, C-shaped nucleus and the third one is the fondix and so with the fondix and other sections you have seen the fondix also. So the thalamus triad vein is the interventricular foramen, here it will join the coroid vein to form the internal cerebral vein and that will form here below the spinae of the corpus thalamus and form the great cerebral vein. Here is the hypothalamic sulcus which is going to be continuous with the cerebral acuduct and the fourth ventricle. This is the roof of the lateral ventricle, corpus callusum is here and you can see the roof the anterior horn, this is the genu of the corpus callusum and this is the forceps major fibres and some part of the body of the corded nucleus has come. Here is the roof of the third ventricle which is formed by that body of the fondix, the two thalamine, the interventricular foramen communication between the third ventricle and lateral ventricle. Actually anterior horn is more or less triangular in shape, so this is the body of the corded nucleus and thalamus is here, the thalamus triad vein is here and this is the septum pallusidum from the corpus callusum and the fondix, the spinaeum of the corpus callusum. Here is the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle, the posterior horn, the lateral side you can see the internal capsule and these are the optic radiation fibres going to the occipital cortex and some yellow color fibres are there, those are called the tepidum actually. The fibres, the forceps major fibres which crosses the optic radiation fibres they form the tepidum. Here you will see two elevations, one for the forceps major, those are called the bulb of the posterior horn. So here is the anterior horn, the septum pallusidum, this is the cavity of the septum pallusidum. You can see the anterior horn, the head of the corded nucleus, interventricular foramen, this is the thalamus area, this is the head of the corded nucleus and part of the thalamus has come here, an internal capsule, lentiform nucleus is here. This is in cross section, septum pallusidum, body of the corded nucleus, lentiform nucleus and this is the internal capsule. This is the body of the lateral ventricle, you can see the body of the corded nucleus, septum pallusidum and the corded plexus over the thalamus, the posterior horn with the cord plexus, the optic radiation fibres laterally and medially, the calcane sulcus is here and that forms an elevation, this is called the bulb of the posterior horn. Now, here the same thing, this is third ventricle, lateral ventricle, interventricular foramen, the inferior horn, the roof of the inferior horn, here lies the tail of the corded nucleus and the star terminal is that tail of and here is the corded fissure and this is the hippocampus, so this is the medial boundary of the inferior horn, the floor is formed by the hippocampus medially and the roof is formed the fibres of the internal capsule here, so these fibres actually are the capital fibres. Here is the floor, you can see the hippocampus, the spolic appearance of the hippocampus, the paste hippocampus is here and this is the amon's horn, so from the tail of the hippocampus here, the fernix is formed and then it goes to lie below the spinae of the corpus callus, this is the collateral trigon actually, collateral sulcus forms an elevation here, so the floor on the medial side is formed by the hippocampus and laterally formed by the collateral elevation and the junctional region here between the inferior horn and the posterior horn is the collateral elevation, this collateral trigon is here. Now you can see the hippocampus is forming from the fimbria here, then it is going just below the spinae of the corpus callus, so this is the collateral trigon, this is the hippocampus and paste hippocampi, this is the inferior horn and the apex of the inferior horn, you see this nucleus, this grey matter, this is the amygdala, typical almond shape structure where the inferior horn ends, it is 2.5 centimeter behind the tip of the temporal pole. Many people are interested to see the amygdala, we have some sections I will show you the amygdala, this is a large picture of the amygdala at the tip of the inferior horn. Now see the fourth ventricle on the lateral side is superior cerebellar peduncle, this is the floor and this is in the midline, this is one of the recess midline recess, see the in the roof the corrodeplexus of the fourth ventricle is here, here also there is a membrane, this kind of structure is there but there is not visible, so this is the branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, the lateral recess of the cerebellum is here and floor is here, the superior colliculus, inferior colliculus and the fourth nav, the only nav which comes from the dorsal surface, this is the floor, the median sulcus and laterally there is a sulcus, this is the sulcus limitance. See the two colliculi, the facial colliculi are there, the abdicence nav nucleus is there and over it the facial nav forms genu, this is the sulcus limitance and the lower part you can see the fountain pen nib type of appearance, this is the fancy name, kalamazcriptorius is here, so here is the floor and you can see in the upper part of the sulcus limitance there is a depression, this is called superior phobia, there is another depression here, inferior phobia and here lies that locus cerebellus, iron containing figments are there in this nucleus, this area is the vestibular area and lateral to the vestibular area, this nucleus is the cochlear nucleus actually. In this portion in the lower part lies the hypoxia nucleus and lateral to the hypoxia nucleus, this is the vagal triangle and already you know this, this is one of the tract nucleus gracilis, tractus gracilis is here, inferior cerebellar peduncle, this is the tractus cuneitius, nucleus cuneitus is here and inferior cerebellar peduncle is forming the lateral boundary of the fourth ventricle and so here is the position of the foramen of laska and foramen of magende will be in the midline. So this is the genu of the corpus callosum and the sphenium is here, here is the phonics just below the sphenium of the corpus callosum it is coming and the columns of the phonics can be seen here and the probe is going the interventricular foramen, this is the thalamus interthalamic adhesions is here and this area is the hypothalamus and here is the optic chiasma. So this is the floor of the third ventricle, this is the cerebral aqueduct, the midbrain is here, the pons is here and this is the anti-cerebral artery, this is A2 segment of the anti-cerebral artery up to the callosum marginal branch here, this is the A2. Now you can see the roof of the fourth ventricle here and the cavity of the fourth ventricle this is in the midline, the lower part of the roof of the fourth ventricle is here. Third ventricle is mostly damaged here, this is the third ventricular area, the body of the phonics and this is the septum pellucidum, this is the genu of the corpus callosum area forming the forces minor, these two are the thalamus and internal capsule is here, antial limb, genu, posterior limb is here. This is the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle, this is the posterior horn and this is the junction between the inferior and posterior horn and this area is the collateral trigon and this elevation is formed by the collateral sulcus here below. Here you can see the optic nerve, plasma, then the tuberosinarium and the opening here, the two mammary bodies and the communicating arteries, cross-cerebrate, substance and nigra, the red nucleus and the acudate, cerebral acudate is here. This specimen I brought because the ventricle is dilated, you can see the roof of the antia horn body and the posterior horn and the septum pellucidum is there and the two parts of the corpus callosum you can see the ventricle is highly dilated. The medial sulcus, the sulcus limitants, the facial calliculus is here, the superior phobia and the pigmented area here, the inferior phobia is here, so this triangle, this nip shape area is the apogosal triangle and lateral twit is the vagal triangle.