 The study examined how the brain processes reward predicting stimuli during pavlovian conditioning tasks. It was found that the prefrontal cortex contains neurons that code for both the stimuli and the associated reward. These neurons are distributed throughout the prefrontal cortex, as well as the olfactory and motor cortices. Additionally, these neurons are stable over multiple days, suggesting that they may be involved in long-term memory formation. This article was authored by David J. Ottenheimer, Madeline M. Hort, Anna J. Bowen, and others.