 Probiotic encapsulation technology, PET, has the potential to protect microorganisms and to deliver them into the gut. Because of the promising preclinical and clinical results, probiotics have been incorporated into a range of products. However, there are still many challenges to overcome with respect to the micro-encapsulation process and the conditions prevailing in the gut. This paper reviews the methodological approach of probiotics encapsulation including biomaterial selection, choice of appropriate technology, in vitro release studies of encapsulated probiotics and highlights the challenges to be overcome in this area. This article was authored by Gildus K. Basi and Thierry Van Damme.