 This study found that 19 out of 24 statistical competencies were considered fundamental by survey respondents. The competencies considered most fundamental were assessing sources of bias and variation, 95%, recognizing one's own limits with regard to statistics, 93%, identifying the strengths and limitations of study designs, 93%. The least endorsed items were meta-analysis, 34%, and stopping rules, 18%. This suggests that medical researchers should be familiar with these core statistical concepts as they read and interpret medical research literature. This article was authored by Felicity T. Enders, Christopher J. Lincell, Leah J. Welty, and others.