 A guide to enterprise open source, authored by Dr. Ibrahim Haddad with a forward by David Marr, produced by Linux Foundation Research in partnership with LFAI and Data. In vertical software stacks across industries, open source penetration ranges from 20 to 85% of the overall software used. OSS has become a foundation for new commercial products and services and is essential to many organizations' software development workflow. OSS adapts to different business models, regardless of the industry vertical in question. OSS can improve enterprise product development and improve enterprise talent and skills development. Through open source participation, enterprise developers can build on the work of others, experiment with new features, and focus more of their efforts on differentiation. Participation in open source projects, positions organizations to leverage external R&D, spot opportunities to commercialize discoveries, and increase enterprise speed to market. Here are some of the best practices for enterprise. Identify reliances on open source software. Clarify needed open source skills. Identify your enterprise's open source objective, strategy, and opportunities. Set up your organization to implement open source. Identify career paths for open source talent and leadership development. Organizations face significant challenges in five specific areas with open source. Culture, processes, tools, continuity, and education. Mastery of open source requires a strategy that encompasses open source consumption, participation, contribution, and leadership. Read the full report at linuxfoundation.org slash research.