 It's a pleasure to be here, very sad of course, to be nearing the end of the developing climate days, but we'll try to make it the highlight that it is being used. So, do the introductory works in here or should we go straight to the panel? So we have a wonderful panel, which we always call a high level panel, but it's partly high level in the sense that we elevate local experiences to the global discussions that we're having here these two weeks. So not everyone on this panel is a minister, but all of their voices are important and we're very keen to hear a quick personal introduction from each of them, just tell us who they are and what brings them to the COP, but also for the climate days in particular. We'll just go back to that, if I may ask you to begin, just to pass the mic over to Karen. Thank you very much. Good afternoon colleagues. My name is Veronica, I'm from Zimbabwe, the current Africa group negotiators coordinator for the mitigation. Also the climate manager for one of the development banks in Zimbabwe. So we are advancing climate work. And I'm glad to be here to advance the climate work and see how we also work from the front stakeholders and how the communities are involved and no one is left behind. Yes, thank you. Good afternoon to all of you and thanks for welcoming us here this afternoon. My name is Ena Viana and I'm leading the global platform for climate change in New Zealand for Care International. I'm working in 95 countries in the world. I came here yesterday. I arrived by train in Katowice after a long train journey from the Netherlands, but really a very nice journey with beautiful views. And I'm here with a big team of colleagues from Care who are lobbying and advocating for a fair and just implementation of the Paris agreement. And we have had some disappointing news last night of course with this whole thing going about welcome and note and you know to normal people you would wonder what does this mean? Why did this confuse you about these words? But we all know that this is quite important actually. But let's not let ourselves be put down because of those kinds of negotiations because at the same time this morning I received the news that 10,000 churches in Poland were actually praying for climate change just as an effort towards climate change and that is really encouraging. So thank you very much once again for being here. Hello, my name is Barney Dixon and I have been given permission by the moderators to spend a couple of minutes on my introduction because I want to explain telling you something about the Global Commission on Adaptation. So my name is Barney Dixon. I am based at the new Global Centre on Adaptation in Rotterdam. And one of the main things we are doing with our partners in the US WRI, the World Resources Institute, is to support the new Global Commission on Adaptation. The Global Commission on Adaptation was launched in the Hague on the 16th of October. Whose commission is it? It's not a UN commission. It is a commission which is called for by 17 convening countries. The commission itself has a leadership of three. Those three co-chairs if you like of the commission are Banty Moon, the former Secretary General, Kristalina Georgieva, the CEO of the World Bank, and Bill Gates of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. In addition to them, there are a further 23 other commissioners, representing a geographical and political diversity from government, but also representation from the private sector, from civil society, from some of the international institutions. That is the basic structure of the commission. What does it intend to do? What is its objectives? I would say there are three main objectives. The commission has three main objectives. One, to raise the profile of climate adaptation at the highest level, to make the case to political leaders, economic leaders, finance leaders, civil society leaders, that now is the time to take adaptation very seriously indeed. So it's going to be making the case for adaptation. Secondly, it wants to make that case in a positive way. But adaptation now, climate change impacts are upon us. It is in your interests, in your interests, in my interests, whoever you may be or I may be to take action to adapt to climate. And the commission will make that case. It will do. And ultimately the test, the criterion of the success or failure of the commission will be whether it can, as it wishes to do, accelerate action, scale up action on climate change adaptation, scale up action which meets the needs of the most vulnerable, those who is often noted, but I think as repeating, have typically done least to cause climate change. Commission achieves objectives through two main things. One, it will produce a report, a flagship report which will be on adaptation which will be delivered to the UN climate summit in September 2019 next year. And secondly, it will initiate a number of action tracks in specific areas to achieve ambitious but we hope achievable goals which will really help move the dial, if you like, on adaptation. Those action tracks will be led by a small number of, as it would, global actors and, as I say, over a period which will extend actually beyond the life of the commission itself, seek to bring together the considerably relevant coalition and constituencies to achieve those objectives. I'll stop there. Why I'm very pleased to be on this panel is to have a discussion about how we can engage with the community here, the organizations and initiatives represented in this room, how the global commission can engage with you, learn from you, and ensure that the commission reflects the experiences and needs which you left out in everyone. My name is Gabriel Jember from Ethiopia. I'm currently chairing the LC group, which is more than one billion most vulnerable people in the world. And the main purpose I'm here is to learn from the pro-artic stakeholders which I know the state cities have been really a very useful venue for meeting stakeholders to exchange views, to learn each other. And I'm not here to tell you what has been happening in terms of fighting over words in the negotiation area. But the key message here is what's happening in the negotiations and what's happening on the ground like this kind of forum is a bit detached. We negotiators are not aware what's happening on the ground. I've been very, last time I was in San Francisco for the climate summit and when I came to this kind of forum, you see actors here who are really engaged proactively. So we need to bridge what's in the negotiation with what's happening in the ground. Just to briefly just tell you about what happened yesterday. We are in a situation, in a climate crisis situation. At this point, we don't need any leaders to really justify the impact of climate change with an increase of one degree Celsius, which is happening now. We don't need any testimonies, we have been testing. There is no country which is immune from the current impact. The recent drought in Germany, Europe and the fight in the West, the droughts flood over the world. In that situation, we are now questioning science. Even 1.5 is not a viable option, but we are very late to go below 1.5. So I think this would be a call for actors on the ground to be guided by the report, the 1.5 report, which the good thing is it's achievable, but we need to move from business as usual. So in this regard, we all need to orient it, whether the argument, take notes and welcome it there, that will remain in that negotiation space. But what matters is making use of this report in our day-to-day working environment. This, I would like to thank you for having me here, but the main purpose why I'm here is to just inform you about a new initiative which is called List of World Countries Initiative for Effective Adaptation and Resilience. This initiative has been initiated for the last, it has been discussed for the last year and a half. It is MBC-owned initiative, which is led by MBCs. The main reason why I've been thinking of this kind of initiative is that if you look at the current MBCs of countries, especially industrial countries, most of them have been done by kind of fly-and-fly-out consultants to fulfill their prayer to Paris to comply with the time requirement. If you look at most of our countries, we haven't owned it because it's a process which requires capacity to analyze and integrate it into development plans. So in this regard, especially the accreditation component is relatively not well handled. So in this regard, what shall we do? Once I speak for all cannot work in this regard, the gaps may vary from country to country. So in this regard, how can we support? We should not just identify these are the challenges. Instead, we need to use a bottom-up approach to look for what are the challenges across countries in terms of planning, in terms of resource mobilization, implementation, as well as reporting on adaptation and resilience. We have already stopped taking for the African LBCs and will continue for the European Pacific LBC countries. And this initiative has been presented to the LBC Ministerial Meeting, which was held a month ago in Andesaloba, and we were given political guidance to launch this event here tomorrow at 1.45 in the LBC Coordination Meeting. So it's going to be continued and the outcome will be translated into roadmap for actions that need to be undertaken in the coming years. So I hope this would be an opportunity for this outcome of this initiative to fit into UN Secretary General's Summit, which is going to be held in September next year. So this is how it's going to end. My name is Jagans Akamari and I'm the Secretary General for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crosses Societies. I currently work in Geneva, but most of my time I have worked in the field for the 20 years of my 20th idea scanning, I have mostly been in the field. So I still like to introduce myself as a big guy, not as a neighbor. First of all, I'd really like to thank both Salim and Martin for this invitation. Of course, all of you, for your energy and participation late this evening, I've been in there for two days and such an enthusiastic participation they've decided in on the second day. Why I'm here. The first thing is great to be in a panel where the women are in visibility, whichever it doesn't happen. This gives a hope that hopefully the chances of success are higher. When the women are leading, I think the chances of success are higher and the sustainment of success is also higher. So that's all of the reason I'm here. So thank you, the women here on the panel, that this is really really great and of course also in the audience. When I was coming here and my colleague was telling me that Diamond, you would be talking to the, you would be speaking to the combatant already here. So there's not most to be said here to combat anybody. Probably this is an opportunity perhaps to come together and show the ports in this important discussion negotiations here. As Nelson Mandela said, you cannot expect a different reason by keeping doing the same thing. You keep on doing the same thing. You keep on negotiating the same thing. You keep on discussing exactly the same issue. Contrast after contrast and expect a different reason. That's just not going to happen. So maybe those of us here in the room and I'm sure many others in this conference who have understood the issue, understood the potential impact of what is possible. I think that's why I'm here. I think we have a great opportunity to change these big discussions that happens in Geneva, now here in Poland or in New York. And a lot of time these discussions focused on numbers. I was reading in the plane here today. The focus sheet is 1.5 but 2 or 3. Where the focus should be, it is behind that. Behind that are people, behind that are people and the communities who would be affected by that. It's not about 1.5 or 2. It's about the people, the real life behind those numbers who are being affected by that. And I think the organization like us is an infrastructure and I'm sure the organization which you represent here can piece that gap between what happens globally, these big debates and sometimes very complicated debates, complicated language and translating those complicated language into reality in the community where people can understand and take real action on the ground. I think if we can make a small contribution to change that nature of the debate from number to the people, I think that would be a great success. That's why I'm here. I believe we can make a difference. Thank you. My name is Michelle Dentrop. I'm delighted to be here. I usually found DNC days because most of the organizations are friends of mine personally and professionally. I'm the climate change policy lead within the Department of Foreign Affairs of Ireland and specifically I work within Irish aid. I sort of come here with many hats and no hats I suppose. I work for the Irish government. During this COP I have also been EU lead negotiator on national adaptation plans and LDC matters. And I'm also a member of the least developed countries expert group of the convention. I'd like to invite you all to take all of those hats off. I'm here just as Michelle, like Gabriel. I'm not going to be defending any EU positions. I suppose why I'm here, why I'm enthusiastic about being part of this conversation is that I'm among my crowd. I have worked for many years in development. I've worked for many years in Africa. Considered Ethiopia my second home. And for the first time really this last week I sat right in the negotiations. For the first time ever I properly cared about where the comma went and whether we were requesting or inviting and so on. I'm still slightly in reflection mode about what that means and what really we've achieved. But certainly I've learned so much about the divide between the negotiations process and reality. I guess I haven't fully processed it before. So I'm looking forward to this conversation. It will help me reflect even further. It's a bit like a therapy session but thank you. First and so-called from Uganda. Peace and form. I am very glad that I am from the low level. From the low level today I am at the high level panel. So I'm glad about that. My work I do I have a small group called the Super United Women Network. This is a women network working on agriculture. They produce food to feed their families and some to sell for their home domestic needs. But as climate change most of you know about it. Came and destroyed all their plants and they are now just they are seated doing nothing. They cannot do anything more about their lives. So we help them to talk about climate change because they didn't know about climate change. Now we tell them what climate change is. We tell them what to do. We tell them what next. We tell them not to have that but that because they were saying that it was God trying to punish them. It was God that makes them to reduce because people many in the world now bodies reducing by sending the rain, the floods come, killing them. The sunshine comes, long brown people die of hunger, more so the children because the reason why they are safe family planning when most children die there is no next generation. So the next generation will not be there if this climate change continues. So that's why we came together. We say no. Let us have hope. All will be fine. So that is that. And now I came here all the way from Uganda after struggling with the visas, the work and everything. The flight missing again with Kedouli. I'm now here and very happy that I'm here to tell you about myself and to get the issues here to take back to my community. Unfortunately when I take back the issues here they always ask me when are they coming to see us? When are they coming to bring us the alternative projects, programs? Then we tell them begin. They have already started. They want the funds for improving so that they can even get the next generation. They can even help themselves out of this climate change issues because if they were on agriculture. Now the seasons are no longer there. And yet a season is a season. It remains a season. When the rains come in the middle of maybe September, October. That is not the season. The season is August, July. Then the rains come in the middle of April. That is not the season. The season is February, March. So a season remains a season. What is the alternative? The alternative is small inter-premierships. How small businesses at household level. You get the money, pay school fees, get the money, buy uniforms, get the money used for your domestic needs. But they ask when are they sending us that money? For that activity. We have already initiated. What are we to do now? They are talking. When will they stop talking and be implementing? The money comes. It ends somewhere. The money does not trickle down to the community. This is what I understand. I don't know whether it comes, but I understand it comes. But it ends somewhere. When it ends there, it doesn't come to the community. I am a community woman. When you look at me, look at my woman. Look at the community down there. Don't look at, and that's why I'm saying I'm happy to be at the high level. And we'll go back and tell them that I was put up there to represent you people. And they will be happy. You see? So, what we want, let things be done. Let those women, the women and the men and the children be supported to keep their lives because they are suffering. The impulse is their living. And yet they are the major producers. They produce food. The little they get fills the whole world. Thank you. It's hard to come after you, I have to say. So, my name is Bernice van Vrompersen. I'm the third Dutch person here, I think, today on the high floor. So, there are probably many more in the audience. But I am very newly directed for climate change at the World Bank. And when I was just brief before asking about what am I doing here? Why am I here at this panel? I was just sort of thinking that my own personal journey probably somehow reflects the journey that the World Bank has taken. It's thinking on climate change. So, just very briefly, I started out over 20 years ago working on urban development, participatory slum upgrading, and gender issues worked for a decade in Latin America and in the Caribbean. Spent a lot of time living and working in Brazil. Then worked in Central America, and then ended up working on Haiti. And it was really when I was working in Haiti, I guess it was the early 2000s, late 2000s, sorry, that I was first sort of confronted with major hurricanes. So, one of the cities that I was working in, Gonaive in the north of Haiti, was completely devastated by this massive hurricane and flood surge. So, really heartbreaking. A couple of years later, of course there was a massive earthquake in Port-au-Prince, and I was asked to read the reconstruction, the post-disaster reconstruction of the housing program in Haiti. And then shortly after that, I started working on South Asia. So, within months of me arriving in South Asia, it was floods, it was cyclones. I worked a lot on fragile conflict affected countries. So, my four years that I worked on Afghanistan to my astonishment, more people died related to natural disasters that actually died because of the conflict, the active conflict in Afghanistan in those years. These are numbers that are kind of mind-boggling. And I think really turned me almost evangelical about how you have to do adaptation, you have to do climate resilient development. In whatever project you do, whether it's transport, urban, health, education, and as I say, I think that is kind of be my own personal journey I then ended up working the last few years on the Africa region, again, urban development, disaster management. I think the way that the World Bank is really trying to step up on its ambition in climate action, putting in particularly adaptation, imperative of mitigation, because to be perfectly honest, it's very easy to get your mitigation co-benefit numbers up very quickly because these are a few large sort of renewable energy projects that kind of lift your numbers quickly. What is much more challenging is to get the adaptation numbers, to get the adaptation to happen at the community level. And I think we are fully committed to this agenda. As I was saying in an earlier panel, the reason I'm here, the reason I got to be Director of Climate Change is exactly because I just feel absolutely passionate about this and I don't think there is any kind of development we can do without looking at the climate agenda in a completely integrated way. So, looking forward to the discussion and thank you for having me here today. Thank you very much. That was an impressive set of introductions. Thank you all very much. What a welcome experience. Also, it's interesting to see the differences in the world. I think the fact that someone, the Director of Climate Change in the World Bank, comes from this experience is something we have seen 10 years ago. So, I think this will be a very interesting conversation. I also want to remind us, I already gave the introduction on the Global Commission on Adaptation. We've heard that the UN Secretary General is convening a climate summit in September. In some ways, I think both exist because we are failing. We are failing with the negotiating process here to reach the level of admission that we need in light of all of these stories. And the question is how do we collectively this community, but also us going out and bringing others along, use those moments to actually raise that level of admission. I think that's our big question for this panel. It's also where we expect Barney and your boss would have been here for some reason he didn't show up. I think it's important that he does come and this is his community. It is important that we take everything from what we've discussed in these two years, two days and give it to you. Make sure that it does get captured, get recognized as an important component of the solution space that needs to be lifted up. So I really appreciate that high level effort. But that's also making sure we get it right after coming here. What I think we have in mind for the coming hour or so is a discussion that on the one hand captures, not comprehensively, but at least something that the key things you're most passionate about from the last two days, and then also get the advice from this set of experts on how we take it forward to come here, including most of the reflections from the likes of Barney, how we can help him also ensure that this all gets captured in those high level processes. So I think we'll take you through the four themes of the of the meeting. I know some of you have been following one of these tracks. In that case you can also focus on one thing's core and be more of a listener in the other ones. What we'll ask you to do is for each of these themes take a moment this is where I have anticipated a room with circular tables so this is definitely not a high level panel that's just going to be preaching to you. We do want you to imagine that there are still round tables or at least grab a little group around you. And take a few moments to discuss maybe starting with the first theme resilience through empowerment. What did you pick up these two days? What would you like to get across to these high level processes? What would you like to get advice on as you take this forward from this panel? And take a few moments with a couple of people around you and then we'll take a few of them maybe three or four from across the audience and then get a couple of people from this fantastic panel to respond. So take a few moments for resilience through empowerment. What have you picked up from the last two days? What would you like to know from the panel? What would you like for you to convey to this high level commission adaptation? Okay, so show of hands and I'll bring the microphone to you and you can make your contribution. That's what I thought of you. Yes, it's in there for me. Okay. Hello everybody. Colin from Practical Action and it's just really a comment on the language being used. I think what you just said was really important. We're talking about this but language is really, really important and when we talk about natural disasters we're moving into that this is caused by external forces and not caused by us. I think we really, really have to be careful when we talk about climate change and the causality of human action. So thank you. Good point Colin. Anybody else? Yes. If you'd like to stand up and introduce yourself first. My name is Sebastian. I was doing an internship at the UN for disaster risk management in Panama for the American continent and I was not taking part in this session but I think the important link between empowerment and resilience is to be more, to be strengthened because what I was seeing more was urban planning and this actually I think the World Bank is doing quite well and many cities have a lot of support from the experts but by leaving also in Rio and seeing the Faberas and seeing the slums only imagining the other areas, the other places in which urban planning doesn't reach I wanted to add the opinion of especially people from the World Bank who have empowered people from this kind of areas to be empowered and to be able to do something about their own resilience. Great, thank you very much Sebastian. Any other we can take one more maybe before we move on. Okay, coming up next. Hello, I'm River Levy. I work with Oxford Policy Management. So the last two days we talked more about downward accountability and tickling down. So it's basically for empowering and building resilience. So that's the commitment that we have among the practitioners. So I'd just like to hear from the panelists on your commitment for downward accountability and transparency. And also tickling down the resources as well as any input that we have to do. Thank you. I'm Stephanie from the Red Cross. I think one of the most powerful messages I got in the beginning was I don't remember what I mean but we don't need to be empowered. We already have the power. I was wondering for the Global Commission or for the World Bank we heard a lot of amazing examples from Constance, from Hila, from Pijada about how communities are taking the power and already developing solutions and how these solutions must be developed by communities and by poor communities. And I was wondering what space you will give for this power in your institutions and the institutions you are creating. Thank you very much. Shall we let the panelists share their thoughts? I was born that the World Bank was going to get a lot of questions. I'm new to that. It comes with the territory bonus. You get the dollars, you get the questions. Let me just quickly on the urban planning question. I think it's fair to say that in pretty much all of our slum upgrading projects we are directly working with communities to upgrade housing, upgrade community infrastructure. We absolutely always include a very strong participatory component because in fact the sustainability of the investment is totally dependent on the complete buying and support and enthusiasm of that community and trying to help. So I think again many, many years of investments that have gone to waste we have all learned that we absolutely need to put the community first listen to their voices and really bring that into the design of the project. Now specifically on resilience I think there are some really interesting new things that are happening. We are working in a number of different countries for example the open street map community and local community members often youths, often young people to do the risk mapping of their own community so we can get a much better sense of where the climate risks are in many cases they are climate related disaster risks are and to use that information to both design interventions hard infrastructure some of the nature based solutions that we're looking at but also to look at how can we incorporate that information in things like where the community gets mobilized to clean out the drainage system right before the rainy season starts so it's a sort of a very dynamic way of looking at building risk against at the local level. Do we do enough of it? Probably not but we should Thank you very much Anybody else on the panel wish to address this question or share your own little paddle conversations? Yes Gary Just to build on what you said but also our madam from Uganda I think you highlighted that very very well already and you talked about coming from low level no you are not coming from the low level I think what you are doing is the highest that is possible so congratulations on what you are doing I think the local empowerment aspect here I think 60's needed on the thinking I think a lot of times we are still talking about developing the pools maybe in Washington or in Geneva and bringing into the community edge projects a lot of our work show up and one of the reasons they haven't been successful is because we are approaching edge projects we have little projects in two or three villages we write good values and of course it's one of the three villages so we get a good outcome but then we are not using these pilots to scale to take it to a scale a community who are affected by that so that big sink moving from the piloting of the projects from a limited number of communities to take it to a scale that really makes an impact the second thing is what I have also seen also sometimes in my own organization of course we invest a lot on some of the centralized mapping you know doing an assessment which takes two or three years to try to put all those things in place and we are ready with our tool things have changed already so that's why really empowering the local community meaning that developing the tools and we have some tools we developed by Red Cross the communities can develop those tools themselves they can update them regularly and then the role of our organization like us should be to accompany any of that process and sometimes bringing the knowledge the setting of the knowledge sharing of the good practices I think it took even at the center a lot of time I think it's talked about a lot but not practice enough so I think we need to change the talk to practice I saw one of that in those diagrams there a lot of practice coming absolutely great thank you very much anyway that's something different please on transparency and on accountability there are figures that out of the global climate finance nearly 18% is reaching to several countries almost the most number one and out of that only 10% is reaching to the local communities there are issues and in the way we channel resources in the interim there are a number of layers which will take the majority of the resources and at the same time the approach that we are following also matters unless we move out from project based management to programmatic approach if it's a project it's area and time limited in that case it's going to be difficult to cover a wider area but if we integrate into our development plans one the money will go direct to the covenants which will avoid the transaction costs from federal, regional whatever in that case it will improve the access of the resources to the community in the ground when it comes to transparency I think just if I share with you easier than experience we started with low carbon climate development strategy 9 years ago at that point we don't know what we are doing it's just learning by doing not the strategy then what? we need to have a mechanism for personalizing the strategy we developed that then why don't we do kind of fast track projects we don't have the projects but that's an expensive way of learning but now there's lots of lessons which we can share among ourselves then we need to move from project based to integration approach we integrate to our development plan then in terms of like we were having a goal three goals instead of development goal we have climate mitigation goal residence goal three goals in place but integrated but when you set a goal for a given sector it's at national level then regions were asking what's my share that takes us for development of your animal that takes the baseline at different layers that helps also to set targets and then see the overall impact so we are learning by doing but this transparency especially from adaptation perspective I think my work needs to be done still we don't have a global goal for adaptation thank you I just want to go back to the question about empowerment that you raised and how committed we are I mean as you know it's very empowered possibly the most empowered person I've ever met in my life but I think if you think of the bigger picture and the urgent need that we have to speak truth to power we need 100 constants we need 1000 constants we need 10,000 constants and we also need to fundamentally change the system so that it's not difficult to get constants to a copy it's not difficult to provide that support and logistics and so on and certainly from the Irish perspective anyway we are open for all suggestions of practitioners and organisations working on the ground who are able to help identify people with the story to tell that can really influence the wider picture and who are able to provide that support and book the flights and sort out good visas and all of that painful stuff and if we have that kind of mechanism then we are in a much stronger position to be able to say for example to the UNFCCC listen, just listen Barney do you want to I did sort of notice you were encouraging questions to the global commission and that's entirely right and proper we should be to use the expression our fees should be held to the fire and let me try and respond to some of the issues that have been raised very quickly first of all if the commission is to be successful then what it recommends as needed the recommendations as to what is needed in order to accelerate action to scale up action on adaptation need to be informed and one thing that is in one area where they need to be really informed about is successful grassroots action and I absolutely take the point and there are very good reasons why those who are on the one hand the poorest and most vulnerable are also sometimes the most innovative and creative and limited resources in coming up with effective solutions is because their lives are at stake their incomes are at stake their health is at stake there are very good reasons why people in that situation have to be creative and innovative so the commission needs to be able to draw on those lessons to learn but also and I think this speaks a bit to Michelle's point what are the barriers what is it that's preventing those kind of solutions being adopted at scale in a widespread way so we need that and you are one resource the people and organizations in this room are one resource that can help us together the commission needs to think about what is the process by which you can convey those messages to us and this is where it gets a little bit more kind of practical I want to actually talk about some of the things we are trying to do so the issue of you know there's always money up there and the green climate fund and other international funds and bilateral donors not so much as it seems to get down to the ground to the people who need new so well one thing we are doing we are working with the African adaptation initiative and researchers in South Africa to write a paper for us on the missing middle what is it that's stopping that money getting from up there to down there we are also commissioning other work on directly of interest to this community but we're also seeking to work with some of the organizations representing some of the organizers of DNC days to see if we can develop processes of consultation and dialogue to ensure that these messages are do inform the work of the commission it's not easy it's not easy to do this we've got a very tight time frame but but certainly I think my message will be committed to try to address this great yes so thank you all and to those who have not contributed to this round feel free to also continue to reflect on the earlier themes in the next round let's take a few moments for you to reflect on the second theme valuing lived experience so we were told to speak truth to power and so I'm hearing sorry to pick on you about the tradition but I'm hearing about a report two reports now a report as to why about adaptation another report as to why the money never gets down to the people at the ground I think a lot of people already know why the money never gets down to the people at the ground and I'm also hearing scale and for me that's almost that's the simple answer you're looking for what happens if Constance's village is different from the village next door to her and the villages in the country next door to her country and the villages across continents they're all different, they're all trying to survive adaptation in a different way because they have different circumstances and it feels as though we're looking for the straight simple answer from the high level I don't know, Constance what would you do with 100,000 euros to adapt it's all interesting, that's why I'm laughing let me just give you a story last year when I was born I spoke my story and the director of climate global climate fund gave us $5,000 we changed that money to Uganda she means that was 17 million what did 17 million do? 17 million bought plows ox plows and some horse and this is a life of a Uganda woman out of that we are getting the food then we gave it to the groups after giving the groups I tell you what the food that that group has they still have food up to now yet others don't have food why? because there was early opening early winning early harvesting catching up with the season because if you use a hoe it makes it very difficult the opening the land takes like to open one acre but two days to open an acre with the plant that's why they say no we don't want anything, we don't want that money you buy for us the plows and ox plows the food they have these people without the ox plow they don't have the food and that's why I'm saying the whole world will change with the hundred thousand euros you invite this changing the community will be the richest they will not even say what's next because they will have the food they will have the money they will have the business they will be having everything they want at their fingertips school fees they will pay because out of the plows they are using now they are now using the plow as an income to the group here they do the savings and credit to get money and pay their school fees they don't even go to the parks to borrow money as they used to for school fees there shall be no school group ups I count what and leave what thank you local knowledge yes at the back would you like to come up a little bit meet me halfway thank you very much I think our contribution reminds me I'm Edith from IDRC our contribution reminds me of the challenge that's a big post to us I think when where you say better negotiators talk but we are here to act and I think she's given a practical example of how money can make a change so I have a challenging question for Veronica as a negotiator how can you respond to the issue that she has raised how do you connect to the negotiations the policy processes and actually doing action at the ground level good question thank you very much Edith I think that's a very good question we already have on finance and there's this flaw that the Africa Group is blocking the negotiations on finance but I don't think it's true we're trying to get a balanced package for something that is relevant for the African continent we have the green climate fund we have the global environmental possibility it has been financed in different climate actions and part of the financing maybe that's why some of the money doesn't get to the ground because when the money comes some of it is already bracketed for its use we want that document on the feasibility analysis on this particular area we spent 2 million the other money comes and it's bracketed we spend another 1 million but for her she only needs $5,000 to change her lifestyle so what we are saying is get a full package where we can get resources that are structured to address policy level needs and also address community level needs and that will be a full package and the other issue is the issue of capacity building for me to draft and develop a full proposal that can be submitted to the green climate fund it's a process where do I get that capacity like that I'll probably need about $300,000 to put a GCF proposal together because I need to understand what type of irrigation do they need they need integrated irrigation system how does it look like why has the previous irrigation system failed so what do those are the real issues that we are saying what is the role of the actual public financing system what is the role of the private sector and what is the role of the non-state actor and where is the blending financing coming in it goes back to the issues of scaling up what are you scaling up where has the best practice been done where is the platform where we bring all those people together and the person with the non-state always a philanthropic will say I've been working with this community they're into tomato production they've done this irrigation sector and you provide this type of financing or you draft this type of a product it will be relevant to any of them to scale up and develop their lifestyle and get into entrepreneurship and become sustainable so as the negotiators I think what is very fundamental is to say how best can we structure the guidance that is relevant not only for policy makers but also for everyone else and even to give hope because right now we're talking about financing the World Bank has already put 200 billion that is already sending a signal to the private sector in terms of climate financing and then we're also saying to the public sector how much more can you do and when you're looking I think we're also going to be talking about financing adaptation but at the time I want a local minister to say he appears to be talking about this to say when is it coming but we are doing a lot already for our communities who is documenting for us who is telling our story so these are the real issues so as the negotiators we are trying our best I'm negotiating mitigation I'm trying my best to make sure that we get a guidance that is relevant and that will send a signal to both the parties and the non-statutors and for adaptation we are saying what is it that you are going to be communicating what is it that you are going to do to say we are moving towards the adaptation goal and these are the fundamental indicators that we are going to be using to create a baseline that is relevant that will build one and say adaptation is getting the communities are getting adaptive and we are improving and we are moving towards resilience so those are the real issues that we are looking at so as we continue to negotiate thank you very much Veronica for that excellent question my name is Prince Ansar from Ghana and with my experience on the field working with local people community people who research and what we call research to use in our project what I realized at most times at the community level is good to get the money to the local level but I also realized that it becomes the local community becomes cautious of what we get needs what we get needs we are making money every project is coming with money so anyone who tries to mobilize people to have access they expect you to keep the money they expect you to give something before they respond to what you want to do and that is very difficult especially at the local level so my question to Mrs how do we let local communities have short responsibility and ownership of the situation at hand so they can also because in your case you are lucky to get 5,000 to support your group but in other cases they have nothing so how do we let local people own the situation and do something they are all whether it's contributing to solve problems with their communities or yes that's the thing thank you should we take one or two more? yes thank you my name is Lucy from Tanzania I wanted to address my comments to the representative of the commission that the missing centralised climate finance that is where you can channel finance from the global or national level to the communities and this mechanism now is working in four countries and many countries are also of adopting this because this is where you have almost 90% of the funding are doing actual projects on the ground prioritised by the people and the 10% which is used for operation includes the operation of the local communities so that is the missing thank you yes the issue of that young man the reason why these people don't want you people to get their information or without paying them is you there's a group of people who go to school to get decreased masters and at the end of the day they use that to get money out of the poor and they use it they use to buy big vehicles build the houses in town and that's why when you come down they will not allow because they know that you people get the information and go and you not come back so they they say our knowledge no most in my commentary most people have done that they come get the information those people are clever they have every information that you want they have it but these people use them to get the information to get rich that's why they don't want and it's not only in Uganda everywhere they know it so if you are the type of person who wants to do that stop it from this question because I actually also think that the development agencies and the NGOs on the ground are often the worst we can set this up ourselves and I'll give a very simple example I mean again my many years in Haiti there were all these cash for work programs that were going into people communities to get them to clean the drainage time and again so every time before a hurricane before rainy season they would be money handed out for the local communities to clean up the drainage ditches and then afterwards a bill of hand bringing like how come every time these drainage ditches are full of solid waste again and it's like we've set up the perverse incentive for communities who are just people who need money so of course they're going to sit back for you know someone to come in and pay them to do these kinds of things so again I think sometimes we need to look at our own the way we behave the way we incentivize communities to allow for this kind of action to take place without necessarily paying for it so Yes well first of all just to clarify one thing I'm sorry I did not mean to suggest two reports there is one report from the global commission it will be informed the report will be developed on will be informed by a lot of background papers that we are commissioning one of those background papers was on that particular issue about the missing middle and I think you suggested you know what the missing middle is and the colleague I think from Tanzania well it would be great to connect with you and we could maybe you know if you have some something that you can feed into that and inform that paper then we can connect you with the relevant people so that would be good I mean the finance the finance thing is you know I'm not a finance expert and it is it will be the commission's report will be include important chapter on finance but it is not just about finance we will be addressing issues on the use of social protection measures which the incentives need to be right otherwise you just create incentives to not address the challenge in an ongoing way but just to repeat the cycle in the time we will be looking at nature based solutions we will be looking at the role of a community based adaptation so in so far as we can address the broad sway of important issues on adaptation we will do so in the report and we need your insights and views and have developed the means to ensure that we can draw on your insights yes and I think we are running out of time and we do want to let you go to the break in time we will give you an opportunity to get the first reflection now and then I'll speak twice I'll just ask after we've heard take the last two themes in one round and we'll do one more round with a few reflections and we'll go back to the panel one more time but any first reflections on the pages ok yes thanks so I'm looking forward to the report and also to the process in which we can input of course as research institutions and NGOs in that sense it might also be interesting to know for the global commission on adaptation that care is actually in the process of developing a methodology that with which we can actually track finance, climate adaptation finance because as many of you have mentioned first of all there's not enough money coming through on adaptation finance but second of all there seems to be an over reporting of climate adaptation finance we really want to see where is this money actually going and we're going to track it down all the way to the roots to the ground and we're going to do that first of all in six countries we're going to test that methodology in six countries and we want to make it as such that civil society organizations throughout the world can actually use this methodology to see where the money is flowing to and whether it's actually going to benefit the poorest people because of course as a development organization we want finance for adaptation to go to the most vulnerable and the poorest people in the world and at this moment we are not seeing that happening then just a short reflection on value of the lived experience and local knowledge as care what we are seeing is that communities often have a lot of knowledge on how to adapt to climate change but in certain spaces they also lack knowledge for example last March I was in India visiting our climate adaptation program over there in a rural area and the local people had experienced that traditional seed varieties actually are much more climate resilient than new varieties so we have started to create seed banks with them at this moment they are using these new traditional varieties so to say and that was actually not the most difficult task but one of the difficult tasks was to then ask people to adopt a new model of producing rice in their fields and this was a model where they had to use 5% of their land to actually use that not for rice but for catching water and by doing that our experts were saying that the production would go up but of course if you are really poor to give up 5% of your land that's quite a risk to take and we found some very courageous women who did this first and what was very interesting to see is that when these women started to do that the production in their fields was increasing the men actually would start to adopt and follow that methodology so that was a very interesting experience for us to see and also a mix of using local knowledge together with new knowledge added to it Let me just read out to the final two because that might be one of the questions you would have given that not everyone might have the program at hand so the one that lasts is transparency and downward accountability and the last one is financing adaptation and managing risk there's another question there just a question at this point another one actually my question is for the commission representative here you have mentioned that they are looking for climate actions and we are looking for some risk practices but I think there is a lot of evidence a lot of actions are there if you have seen the presentation so we can get to the last two days there are a lot of things that are happening and solutions are there what is really important is scaling this how to take it forward and we are implementing these risks the risk practices so I think that would be a great move from to be to take forward these experiences to run these like red power thank you very much let's give the a couple of questions enough questions thank you my question goes to the negotiators of the program and relates to the global adaptation commission I would like the negotiators to answer what they are looking for from the report of the global adaptation commission that would actually help them move the adaptation negotiations forward because judging by the experience of the one time special report the commission may produce a very nice report and that is not even welcome but rather not my name is Kai Kim and I am an independent consultant and my impression is for the world bank we heard about how countries are experimenting with private sector public partnerships and normalizing funds for ecosystem based solutions and I would like to know to what extent the world bank has thought about how they can scale that level of resource mobilization and the national to regional level in this context my question is basically the follow up that you have mentioned in terms of accessing the finance it requires a lot of assessment to justify that the impact that the project is going to address is the time related problem now if we look into all the requirements in any finance instrument obviously that is one of the requirement on the other hand we look into the science science is already telling us that impact is happening but none of this instrument is recognizing to address both the current impact which is very clear that the climate attribution is already there and also addressing the future one and this is related to what you mentioned that if we continue the similar way if we don't bring the changes we're not able to address so my proposal on the question is even as a negotiator are you going to change the criteria to access the climate finance which will address both impact is already happening and attribution is very clear and the future attribution of the climate change but the parallel instrument is talking about only the future of the climate and by 2030 80% of the world's forests will be living in fragile and conflict effective contexts and that is where climate vulnerabilities are highest but the eligibility criteria for climate finance it largely dissuades from access and use in contexts where institutional performance is low so my question to the panel is do you have any recommendations for us in active ways to raise this issue of climate and conflict vulnerability perhaps for example in the own climate summit next year there was one last one at the back and then the next one for us of course thank you my name is Kima Trotman I work at GSF at the German Development Cooperation Agency I have one question from Bob Lixon regarding the flagship report you mentioned making the case for adaptation and I was wondering if you could further if you would go to the economic argumentation in terms of taking action versus non-action and quantifying the benefits of adaptation for chronic and the private sector this would be very interesting let's bring that to the last one and then we can go off that and go to the next one I really want to pick up what Constance was saying because the last time we met in the global action summit I was talking about the $5,000 but the previous meeting I mean the we were talking around with people talking about $90 billion of assets and so I think the key thing is not climate finance is how do we package the $5,000 into millions of dollars which we can then be sending to the private sector investors and we asked Bob Lixon to use their finance to believe that open so I think anywhere we are bought on climate finance there is a lot bigger out there which we should be accessing performers like Constance and people in our village Thank you very much should we come back to the panel and let the panelists to the side should we just go around Thank you very much I think to the last speaker in terms of should we then package community to finance we already have lessons I think the global environmental facility has provided the small grants program initiative and in Zimbabwe it has really done well we have a lot of good case studies including where communities have done a lot of fisheries and aquaculture and they have been exporting they have done honey production and they have had an international study for their honey and they are able to export so if we can have such initiative given under the green climate fund where the communities can then also access that financing directly for program and project implementation that will be very useful and then to the colleague on the current and future climate change I think it is very fundamental and it is one of the issues which probably contributes to the guidance to continuously change is really based on what is happening and the best practice although for the parties sometimes it becomes cumbersome because there is not complaining that the GCF guidance keeps on changing and so you are not going to do your GCF and anything with something there is no way to guide this so it is one of those issues but they will also try to come up with a guidance and a proposal structure that is relevant to you to address the current and the future scenarios and then of course the other colleague I think highlighted the issue around private sector financing it is really a very fundamental issue and I think it goes back to how do we structure innovative financing including giving confidence to the private sector you have a lot of initiatives that are currently going on where parties are talking about hybrid financing and blended financing and we are saying what is the role and then of the 90 billion how do we then get to make because if you look at infrastructure resilience those are huge projects and they require a lot of resources and you cannot do them with 5,000 dollars so how do you get the communities to do the 5,000 and create that resilience in their communities but also get connected to the value chain through the actual larger sustainable infrastructure resilient programs including your infrastructure including your systems and your access as well so I think that is the more integrated type of approach when you are looking at the paradigm shift of climate financing and of building resilience as well as moving towards sustainable development I was missing today in the conversations that we have had is when we talk about increasing or strengthening resilience of poor and vulnerable communities we tend to talk a lot about technical skills about climate information services about technical skills to increase the production in the fields but we are not talking so much about capacities for people to actually transform the systems in which they live the political systems, the social systems to work towards more gender equality for example to create skills for advocacy lobbying and these are some of the things that I wanted to also mention because I think that if you create resilience of communities it's not only about technical skills it's also about the more soft skills of advocacy and even the building of confidence we have some very nice examples of some of our projects where we started to work with groups of women who were gathered in village savings and loans associations women that had actually never been really able to voice out their concerns in the communities or even at a higher level in the communities and after some years of working together and strengthening their self-confidence they actually engaged in policy debates and I found that really encouraging to see that because it really means that now themselves they themselves are actually transforming the systems and structures that they live in that's something that I wanted to mention because we have not spoken so much about it but I think it's equally important when we talk about resilience Thank you very much Director, aimed directly at me the colleague from Nepal if I understood you correctly my response is I could not agree more as I understood you saying yes there are effective examples of a good adaptation the issue is how do we scale them up how do we accelerate them and that is I hope is a question exactly that the commission will address that it will seek to build on knowledge and understanding of effective solutions and point the way forward for how to scale up and accelerate there was a specific question about climate and security and the UN climate summit as you may know there are six themes for the summit one of those themes is resilience the United Kingdom has been asked to lead on that in some way on the resilience theme if you were in the UK pavilion a couple of days ago you would have heard the UK minister saying for the UK they regard this leakage in these connections with security issues as an important element in the picture I think that the issue will be is how that gets framed within the summit and I think we need to be clear that we are talking about everybody's security especially those of the most vulnerable not some other subset of I'll leave that at that there was a question from from GIZ or from Germany yes absolutely part of the case for an economic case part of that case is about looking at the cost of inaction versus the cost of action and that will show that the costs of inaction turn out to be greater than the costs of action that doesn't necessarily mean that the action will happen it depends on who's bearing those costs and who's benefiting from the expenditures if they happen so we need the right economic and financial instruments to ensure that it is possible to we can move from having a theoretical positive case for adaptation to devising the right instruments and mechanisms to ensure that it then becomes in the interests of those who have the money to invest in adaptation and finally we've talked quite a lot about the reports and maybe indeed but let me go back to my opening the commission is not just about the report it is about initiating action it will be initiating a number of action traps there are these action traps are just in the process of development we have potentially the final list has not been settled several potential action tracks of interest to this audience a potential action track on social protection a potential action track on the importance of local action a potential action track on extremes and how to prevent extremes turning into disasters input on which of those we should be adopting how they should be framed will be very important and valued over the next few months which should be your first action thank you thank you very much support one of the questions are you going to take notes of this report I believe this report will not come back to negotiators again the same will happen like last night but the main reason why this year the Secretary General summit was held as a request of the U.N. Secretary General during the Talamoa technical phase last year because we feel that it should not be kind of top show when the technical phase there needs to be strong decision to be in place so that the political phase can start here during the co-op but the U.N. Secretary General needs to take it to the leaders level and the special summit needs to be held so that leaders will understand where we are right now in terms of our pledge previous pledge pair of parties and we won't talk about point of fact how can we reach there so it's going to be kind of take-home assignment for leaders so that they will consider in their plan so it should not be limited to mitigation from this perspective there's no bigger power between development adaptation and mitigation each has its own co-benefits so in this regard this commissioners initiative on residence will contribute because achieving 1.5 through mitigation activities alone will be very expensive because still more work needs to be done on building residence to the communes and if we don't act now it's going to be very expensive so in this regard it's scaling out which we are expecting as a result of that summit thank you when we talk on the financing I think a lot of the financing mechanism that exists including the climate financing a lot of times they seem to be driven by and many dollars actually value of the money that seems to be the big motivation and I think we fundamentally need to change that from value of the money to value of the people I think we can change that perspective from value of the money to value of the people I think some of these bureaucracies will hopefully become easier I think that's where the focus should be I think from the perspective of the organization like Mr. Kesson the important thing both around the accountability but also the financing would be we need to continue to focus on the most vulnerable the people who are actually the communities and the people who are most vulnerable by climate change but also compounded many other events including contracts the second element there would be the financing should be available for innovations innovations which could be used at the household levels and at the community level sometimes some of these very expensive initiatives come in which cannot be used at the community level at the household levels like this community in Uganda so investment on the innovations that can be used as household levels and the community level would be extremely important for us in the Red Cross more than 50% of our response to disaster and crisis are linked to weather exchange events the disasters so this continues to be a big investment on response because we haven't invested enough on education and mitigation so this continues to remain a big priority and maybe my final point on the questions financing I really don't have an answer but just want to emphasize this point that we have clearly seen that the conflict exacerbates the climate situation and the climate change can also become the reason for the conflict so there is this really interrelated relationship there and clearly currently in the donor community the type of risk taking or risk sharing doesn't exist that the organization can go to this situation and function and take all the risks by themselves is simply unrealistic so I think many other donors need to realize that if we want to make a real difference there will have to be a risk sharing between the organizers of the community and the donor community and the donor governments otherwise the situation there will only get worse so I am just putting my voice to your question but I am not answering it and thank you so much before I respond to the questions I do have a burning issue that I want to raise we talk about finance and yes, we can talk about adaptation, mitigation effectiveness of the mechanisms and so on but really there is one issue that we haven't mentioned and that is reflecting the needs and circumstances of men and women equally through climate finance and really we are talking a lot about gender this year and the conversation just keeps coming back to the fact that we are still making the case for women or all those in climate change to be reflective and it's not being born out of the finance we are not getting to a figure that I would like this to aim for which is 100% of climate finance addressing gender issues evidence from care and others suggests that we are miles away from the climate we are going backwards and what we have made on climate finance is God, give us a break give us a seat at the table give us a voice, let people like Constance really just take it forward so that's my burning issue I've got that off my chest the point about conflict and fragility is a really, really important one and it's one that Ireland we are really worrying about there is lots of discussion about the security council reflecting the relationship between climate and security and so on thinking about the practice of field level now I know Red Cross Red Presenter a fantastic example of how you can address climate adaptation in the most intractable conflicts but to be honest the wider humanitarian and conflict practice and disciplines aren't thinking about climate change as much as we would like and I think really those that are working at the absolute front lines need to debunk this narrative of if the war is over and then we'll address climate adaptation because many of these places are going backwards if anything and then the last point I would raise and I'm sorry to be a little bit controversial you asked what the negotiators want out of the global commission for adaptation and I'm also I'm very conscious I won't say this is not on behalf of the European Union just to be clear I'd like to reflect that the adaptation space does seem a little stale at the moment and we are slightly going in circles and there are lots of mechanisms and lots of strands of discussion communities of practice and so on and I think if anything we want out of the commission it's to shake it up a bit you know shake us out of our out of our sleep a little bit now I know we had hoped that for the IPCC report and maybe next week we'll generate that but I do think we need something new we need some new messages we need some new challenges because to be honest to be frank with respect if it just produces some more tracks of action some more studies it won't make a difference so the challenge I put to you is you know wake us up shake us a little and that would be welcome when we talk about finance the only problem here we have us as the community people when they go to the issue they want to finance a project but the issue is proposal writing they give very hard equations very technical English you cannot understand what it is at the end of the day you just put it aside so you fail to get the money because of the of the the language in the paper so we get it very hard so I'm just asking for the people who want to help the communities not mind any other community because we are many let the the language be simple to them so that they can fill the form what you want but those the complicated English there makes us to lose a lot a few reflections very briefly so on PDPs and nature based solutions look I think we all know that getting private sector investment in adaptation is we haven't cracked that nuts we have some pilots we're looking at land value capture in urban resilience a little bit maybe some private investment kind of smart agriculture but it's we need to do more and I will honestly say the World Bank hasn't cracked that nut we're looking at it we clearly need more investment in adaptation and we're getting right now public financing is not wanting to do it by itself and again we need winning this room and outside of this room to take this one through and just keep pushing that agenda on the conflict question I think look I think let's also know countries in conflict are not one big homogenous group no so there's a there's a lot of variety there so for instance I can tell you from the Afghanistan experience that we did a lot of work through the National Solidarity Program which is a large CDD program that reaches most of the most of the different regions in Afghanistan to mainstream climate adaptation you know in that program so there are ways that you can do that then in the last couple of years I've been working in South Sudan and Somalia and then you get into really complex situations where you know Somalia that's in every years right hasn't paid its international debts for many years and with you know a lot of lobbying we managed to get them access to the crisis response window which then sort of went straight down to ICRC who's the only organization working in Alshavok control area so it's complicated and then when you get to the South Sudan look I mean it is not always unsafe for our own staff to be on the ground you know and money just goes so little of it gets to the people that really need it and then we've heard so many stories in the last year for example of beneficiaries who did receive aid getting targeted you know in violent attacks because they were beneficiaries of the aid so you know it's in the World Bank I have to tell you it started a whole sort of soul searching on what are we doing here are we doing more hard than good and again this is private within these walls but but anyway so I think you know we're looking at creating new mechanisms you know as I said the crisis response window we all know that and there is a new mechanism we're setting up on to be famine response mechanism or at least so some mechanisms we can get in before the famine you know it takes effect but it's difficult but again I want to just emphasize that there are now you've got the Yemenis and the South Sudan's and then you've got you know the Madagascar's and the Afghanistan's and they're all considered FCD countries but you know there's actually a lot we can do in many of them and then just finally I want to pick up on and I'm not taking too much time on this issue someone said let's not get hung up on climate finance and I just really want to endorse that I mean I know the 100 billion is really important and I know it's about climate justice so we can't let that piece go but the truth is there is a lot of finance out there there's development finance out there and we need to use every dollar of development finance and make it climate smart and that's how the World Bank and make a commitment that you know between 2020 and 2025 we're going to put 200 billion dollars in climate action and that's because we're using our development dollars in a climate smart way and I think you know again the conversation needs to get out there and really start thinking about you know whatever we do whatever public investment is made in any of our countries needs to be climate smart and needs to be climate adaptive and that way we can really get those numbers out because 100 billion dollars is nothing I mean you know the adaptation needs in the developing world forget about you know rich countries but in the developing world are so big and they're only growing that 100 billion a year is just not there's a drop in the ocean so anyway that's what I just want to endorse that because absolutely I guess as always with the NC days the final conversation is the start of the conversation and the complete answer and I was thinking also as we were running off with your feet being put to the fire actually pretty honest rounded yet ambitious answer I was thinking one of my first days when I was at the World Bank in Washington they had to take your daughters to work there so the big World Bank actually this giant building made to impress the world these young girls buying up in it thank you kids and they could line up to ask a question at that time of President Wolfensohn so he was there in this giant auditorium at least he's World Bank staff first time we do a good aspect about this little girl walking up to the stage hi I'm Laura I'm six years old and Mr. Wolfensohn I want to know from you how old are you and then the second thing about and said remember the name was hi I'm so much so I'm five years old and I want to know what's your name I think we're in a sort of position where we're asking World Bank how are you going to save the planet from climate change and I think we should not ask you to provide a simple answer actually an answer that is both ambitious does look at these big questions of these different kinds of finance but also connects to the sort of stories that we were hearing here I felt that in this panel we were sensing some of that connection so I think that is contributing to you but also to the other panelists and to this community I think it's also a challenge for us to continue to do that going forward to create that connectivity to also bring our experiences make our arguments in ways that allow us to make these things work together and it's not always easy and it also requires us to look critically at our own evidence what is working what is not working and to look critically at the way in which we engage in these global processes including the opportunities especially in the coming year so I want to end over to Suni but at least from my side I want to give a big appreciation to this special panel my thanks to the panel and to all of you especially those of you who spent two days with us my final two cents this development climate day started many years ago as an adaptation day and then became a two day event which I started a long time ago but it's actually paired with an annual event called the International Conference which is an adaptation which we actually do on the ground we did the trust in that series in Malawi earlier this year the next one is going to be in Ethiopia from the 1st to the 4th of April and by the name of you who are interested I know many of you are also associated with that that links the local and Constance of Houthas in Malawi with the global here at the DNC days in fact the two meetings are structured to make that linkage through the meetings themselves and I think that the meeting here is going to leave that for us of having these conversations across the scales of local to global having said that I'm going to just share my own personal reflection this will be my 24th on where we are in terms of the evolution of thinking and particularly on adaptation in particular I think we are reaching a very high level of consensus both the global and the local and we are identifying the problems of them we want to find the solutions to them and I'll give you my first sense of where I think the solutions are the three main solutions are capacity building, capacity building capacity building and I differentiate them capacity building number one is for the global donors the GCF the World Bank to understand how do you reach the most vulnerable they don't know they need to learn secondly national governments both how to get the money once they got it to the local level again they're not very good at that and then the third is obviously the communities themselves who are doing a lot on their own but cannot do everything on their own they need to be assisted and empowered and enabled all of this is a long term agenda for capacity building which is what I do and that's why I like capacity building so I leave you with that thought and hand over to Claire thank you thank you thank you