 Well, around about $90 trillion is going to be required over the next 15 years in terms of infrastructure finance to meet the demands of the world economy and over three-quarters of that will be required in the world's growing urban areas and that $90 trillion can either be brown or green. Brown continued investment in inefficient, dirty, old urban infrastructure or we can move to more sustainable infrastructure. Green, more livable, better in terms of livability and the environment, improvements in terms of air quality, etc. Local finance, particularly involving municipal authorities in cities all around the world will be absolutely critical to delivering on that goal. One of the areas which is going to be absolutely fundamental for ensuring that we can scale up sustainable infrastructure to meet global growth, poverty reduction and climate goals, the role of municipal authorities is going to be absolutely fundamental to this and one of the key areas which is really important is to focus on is to enhance the domestic revenue base of cities, municipal authorities, local authorities to enable them to invest in that infrastructure. Now, one of the key ways that that can be done is to work with local governments and municipal authorities to enhance credit worthiness. One example of this is the Kampala City Authority recently worked with PAF, a major international financing facility to help improve their ability to raise domestic revenue and to improve the transparency in governance related to financial revenues. The local authority was able to boost its revenue by 83% in one year and that enabled them to double their ability to borrow in capital markets and therefore invest in sustainable urban infrastructure which is going to be critical for the competitiveness of Kampala to meeting the needs of the urban poor and to reducing some of the large scale environmental impacts in terms of traffic congestion and the related impacts on on air quality etc. The key question really is how do you equip local government and related community groups and the private sector with the resources to invest in the right type of sustainable infrastructure. Now there's a number of mechanisms which are really important. Land-based financing is absolutely a mechanism which is under explored and under developed particularly in the fast-growing developing world. So for example, the use of the use of land value capture to help leverage the value of land for investment in sustainable urban infrastructure is one under exploited area. This has been very successfully used in many parts of the world and could be scaled up and enhanced. Another area which is really really critical is to really think about very carefully about how you you charge for certain types of urban infrastructure. So for example, it is possible to really think quite carefully about rolling out the use of congestion charges and put a price on on road use. That has been successfully used in cities all around the world including some surprising examples in the developing world and very successfully used to actually enhance the domestic revenue base of a municipal authority actually reduce the externalities related to traffic congestion and air pollution at the same time as providing resources for investing in public transport, for example, to complement investment in road infrastructure. And a third example is to really think creatively about investment platforms, platforms that develop by local authority in partnership with national government and international financing institutions to help aggregate a whole range of different projects that might be developed by community groups or developed by local authorities and enable you to leverage a large scale national and private capital into those.