 The study explores the impact of shifting towards plant-based diets on phosphorus, P, burden in wastewater treatment works, WWTW, in the UK from 1942 to 2016, and finds that a vegan or low-meat diet would increase P burden by 17% and 35% respectively, relative to baseline conditions in 2050. However, a flexitarian diet would only increase P burden by 6%. The study suggests that sustainable diets that reduce food system P demand could provide a source of renewable fertilizers through enhanced P recovery post-consumption and should be further explored. This article was authored by K. J. Forber, S. A. Rothwell, G. S. Metson, and others.